What's Alter Got to Do with it? A Consideration of Network Content and the Social Ties that Provide it

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Ties ◽  
The Social

The Rights of Noncitizens in the Territory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Song
Keyword(s):  
Social Ties ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Fair Play ◽  
Moral Claim ◽  
Permanent Residence ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right

Chapter 10 considers what is owed to noncitizens already present in the territory of democratic countries. It focuses on three groups of noncitizens: those admitted on a temporary basis, those who have been granted permanent residence, and those who have overstayed their temporary visas or entered the territory without authorization. What legal rights are these different groups of noncitizens morally entitled to? How should their claims be weighed against the right of states to control immigration? The chapter argues that the longer one lives in the territory, the stronger one’s moral claim to a more extensive set of rights, including the right to remain. The time spent living in a place serves as a proxy for the social ties migrants have developed (social membership principle) and for their contributions to collective life (fair-play principle).

Does KFC sell rat? Analysis of tweets in the wake of a rumor outbreak

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 660-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjan Pal ◽  
Alton Y.K. Chua ◽  
Dion Hoe-Lian Goh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Personal Involvement ◽  
The Social

Purpose In the wake of a rumor outbreak, individuals exchange three types of messages: rumor messages, counter-rumor messages, and uncertainty-expressing messages. However, the properties of the three types of messages are relatively unknown particularly in the social media context. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to examine these three types of messages posted on social media in the wake of a rumor outbreak. Design/methodology/approach Data included tweets posted after the outbreak of a rumor that wrongly accused the fast food chain Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) for selling rats instead of chicken. Using a deductive approach, codes were derived via content analysis on the tweets. Volume and exposure of tweets were also examined. Findings Counter-rumor tweets (52 percent) outnumbered rumors tweets (32 percent) and uncertainty-expressing tweets (16 percent). Emotions and personal involvement were abundant in rumor tweets. Expressions of credence and references to URLs were high in counter-rumor tweets. Social ties were found widely in uncertainty-expressing tweets. The high volume and exposure of counter-rumor tweets compared with those of either rumor tweets or uncertainty-expressing tweets highlight the potential of counter-rumors to mitigate rumors. Originality/value This research ventures into a relatively unexplored territory by concurrently examining rumor messages, counter-rumor messages and uncertainty-expressing messages in the wake of a rumor outbreak. It reveals that counter-rumor messages have the potential to mitigate rumors on social media.

scholarly journals Methods for the Geographic Representation of Interpersonal Relationships and Social Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Clio Andris ◽  
Dipto Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
The Social ◽  
Administrative Units

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Interpersonal relationships are an important part of social and personal health. Studies of social capital show that individuals and communities with stronger ties are have an economic and health advantage. Yet, loneliness and isolation are becoming major public health issues. There is a pressing need to measure where relationships are strong and how accessible one’s social ties are, in order to learn how to better support face-to-face meetings and promote social health in society. However, the datasets we use to study people and human behaviour are most often mobility data and census data &amp;ndash; which tell us little about personal relationships. These data can be augmented with information about where people have ties, and how their relationships unfold over geographic space. The data we use to study the built environment include building footprints and infrastructure, and we can annotate these data by how (well) infrastructure supports different kinds of relationships, in order to ask new questions about how the landscape encourages relationships.</p><p> We suggest a list of methods for representing interpersonal relationships and social life at various socio-spatial levels of aggregation. We give an example of each, with an effort to span various use cases and spatial scales of data modelling.</p><p> <strong>Dyads (line) and Ego-based (star):</strong> This geometric model represents a relationship between two individuals (Figure 1A). The individuals can be geolocated to households, administrative units, real-time locations, etc. The tie can be given a nominal category such as family or co-worker, and edge weights that signify reported relationship strength, frequency of contact, frequency of face-to-face meeting, et cetera. Star models represent a central individual and his/her geolocated ties (that radiate from the centre). The star illustrates the theoretical concept of personal extensibility.</p><p> <strong>Points of Interest (points):</strong> Points of interest provide a place-based perspective (note that these entities can also be represented as polygons such as building footprints, or lines such as gradients of interaction on a subway). Certain places are better suited for fostering relationships than others (Figure 1B), and each can be annotated with their ability to foster: new ties (a nightclub), gender-bonding ties (bowling leagues), romantic ties (romantic restaurants), inter-generational ties (a religious facility), professional ties (conferences), et cetera.</p><p> <strong>Polygons/Administrative Units (polygons):</strong> These data are attached to administrative areal units (Census boundaries, provinces, zones, etc.). The data represent surveyed data on relationship-related variables in censuses, social surveys and social capital surveys. These surveys ask about trust, friendliness with neighbours, social life, belongingness to institutions, and more (Figure 1C), illustrating the social health of an area.</p><p> <strong>Aggregate Flows and Social Networks (lies and networks):</strong> This model illustrates the geolocated, social ties within a spatial extent, i.e. the social networks of a group of many people over a large extent (Figure 1D). Data can be sourced from social media, telecommunications patterns, and other declarations of relationships.</p><p> <strong>Regions (polygons):</strong> Regions, that may describe neighbourhoods within one city, or an agglomeration of cities, can be defined by social ties. Instead of commuting or economic ties, regions are defined by a preponderance of social ties within a given polygon, and a lack of ties between polygons (or between the polygon and any external area). Social regions represent a likeness and strong ties between the people that live within the region (Figure 1E).</p><p> Given these methods for representing social life and interpersonal relationships as GIS data, new questions may arise. At the <strong>dyadic level</strong>: how can we map the presence of a relationship between two people? At the <strong>ego-based level</strong>: how far and with what kind of diversity do people have ties? At the <strong>point of interest level</strong>: what kinds of mapable data can describe places’ ability to create new relationships and foster existing relationships? At the <strong>polygonal level</strong>: what kinds of mapable data can show where relationships are strong or weak? At the <strong>levels of flows and networks</strong>: what kinds of mapable data can describe systems of diffusion? At the <strong>regional level</strong>: what physical and administrative boundaries guide social ties?</p><p> For cartographers and geographic modellers looking to study social life, data acquisition, analysis, and mapping are challenges. The point of this extended abstract is to inventory the possibilities of mapping these data, open a dialog for experimenting with what kinds of symbologies, associated variables, classification schemes, visualization techniques and data collection opportunities are available for this purpose. We also hope to create spaces for comparative studies that describe the implications of these choices. In our search, we find that the major research challenges are the following: 1) privacy 2) geolocatable data 3) qualitative vs. quantitative data and 4) assurance statistically-significant samples sizes 5) analysis and modelling 6) visualization. Nevertheless, our goal is to make these indicators and data more GIS-friendly and available to geospatial analysts, modellers and cartographers.</p>

scholarly journals Analysis of Accessibility to Family Health Centers in Antalya Using GIS

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (sp) ◽  
pp. 2442-2448
Author(s):  
Orhun Soydan
Keyword(s):  
Social Ties ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
First Time

Family health centers in Turkey started to be implemented for the first time in Düzce in 2004 years within the scope of Law No. 5258. While determining the physical conditions of the places where family health centers are built, the first item in the regulation is that the building should be easily accessible. This situation shows the importance of the subject in terms of accessibility. While determining the features of the places where FHCs will be made, environmental characteristics are also taken into consideration. Environmental features are effective in determining the FHCs location in different ways. These impacts are divided into two groups: the physical features that pavements, roads and parks can include, and the social, cultural and institutional features of neighborhoods that include local social ties and collective activities. From this point of view, the importance of the location of family health centers relative to roads and houses is understood. The aim of this study is to examine the accessibility of Family Health Centers in Konyaaltı, Antalya, on a neighborhood basis using Geographic Information Systems. Konyaaltı has 21 Family Health Centers. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that most of the neighborhoods had problems in terms of accessibility, while a very few of them did not experience problems in terms of accessibility. In terms of the total number of buildings, the ratio of buildings that are 500 meters walking distance from any family health center by using highways is 35.56%. With these rates, 3,634 of the 10,2018 buildings remain within the limits of the regulation. Finally; suggestions were made to increase accessibility to these areas.

scholarly journals Distance and Social Ties in the « Burqa Affair »: Spatial Arrangements and Regimes of Visibility

K@iros ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila ARÊAS
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Semiotic Process

This study develops a semiotics analysis of the « burqa affair » on French national press and observes how this public debate interrogates the problematic of the distance (physical, social and symbolical) between the secular and religious subjects in view of the question of social ties (recognition and appreciation). The analysis of the prohibitionist discourse in such debate brings into light the importance of the face in the republican conception of social ties and the primacy of the figure of transparency inside republican regime of visibility. This republican translation of the social cohesion configures a spatial problematic since it generates a semiotic process that redefines the concept of “public space” and consecrate it in the terms of 2010 law. The reconfiguration of distance that results from the mediatisation of the “burqa affair” carries, in return, some significant effects over the practical and symbolical modalities of social ties, notably the relation between oneself and the others, and raises important questionings about the meaning of contemporary public spaces and places.

scholarly journals Social ties between criminal networks in cocaine trafficking in Europe

Crimen ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-345
Author(s):  
Kosara Stevanović
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Social Embeddedness ◽  
Criminal Networks ◽  
Criminal Network ◽  
The Social ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
In The Beginning

This paper is highlighting the main criminal networks that are trafficking cocaine in Europe, through the lenses of social embeddedness and criminal network theories. We will try to show that social ties between European and Latin American organized crime networks, as well as between different European crime networks, are the main reason for the staggering success of European criminal groups in cocaine trafficking in the 21st century. In the beginning, we lay out the social embeddedness theory and criminal network theory, and then we review the main criminal networks involved in cocaine trafficking in Europe and social ties between them, with special attention to Serbian and Montenegrin criminal networks. At the end of the article, we analyze what role does ethnicity, seen as social ties based on common language and tradition, play in cocaine trafficking in Europe.

scholarly journals The Social Patterning of Values and Rationalities: Mothers' Choices in Combining Caring and Employment

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Duncan ◽  
Sarah Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Household Economics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Moral Responsibilities ◽  
Family Behaviour

The assumption of individualised rationality runs through the two dominant theorisations of family behaviour – new household economics and individualisation. We demonstrate the inaccuracy of this assumption, using the results of two CAVA projects into mothers' perceptions and choices in combining mothering with paid work, in allocating tasks with partners, and in choosing childcare. Rather, mothers make such decisions within socially negotiated accounts of what is morally adequate, and we go on to show how these decisions and the values informing them are socially patterned by class and ethnicity. Finally, we consider how both theory and policy can make a ‘rationality mistake’ in neglecting the importance of social ties and moral responsibilities in family life.

Mapping social exclusion in STEM to men’s implicit bias and women’s career costs

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (40) ◽  
pp. e2026308118
Author(s):  
Emily N. Cyr ◽  
Hilary B. Bergsieker ◽  
Tara C. Dennehy ◽  
Toni Schmader
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Implicit Stereotypes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chilly Climate ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Network Metrics ◽  
Workplace Outcomes

Why are women socially excluded in fields dominated by men? Beyond the barriers associated with any minority group’s mere numerical underrepresentation, we theorized that gender stereotypes exacerbate the social exclusion of women in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) workplaces, with career consequences. Although widely discussed, clear evidence of these relationships remains elusive. In a sample of 1,247 STEM professionals who work in teams, we tested preregistered hypotheses that acts of gendered social exclusion are systematically associated with both men’s gender stereotypes (Part 1) and negative workplace outcomes for women (Part 2). Combining social network metrics of inclusion and reaction time measures of implicit stereotypes (the tendency to “think STEM, think men”), this study provides unique empirical evidence of the chilly climate women often report experiencing in STEM. Men with stronger implicit gender stereotypes had fewer social ties to female teammates. In turn, women (but not men) with fewer incoming cross-gender social ties reported worse career fit and engagement. Moderated mediation revealed that for women (but not men), cross-gender social exclusion was linked to more negative workplace outcomes via lower social fit. Effects of social exclusion were distinct from respect. We discuss the possible benefits of fostering positive cross-gender social relationships to promote women’s professional success in STEM.

INCENTIVES AS A MEANS OF EDUCATIONAL INFLUENCE ON INMATES HELD IN PENAL INSTITUTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Яна Валерьевна Самиулина
Keyword(s):  
Social Ties ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Video Viewing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Penal Institutions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Stimulation Of

В статье автор затронул вопросы совершенствования применяемых поощрительных мер, способных качественно повысить воспитательный процесс осужденных, содержащихся в пенитенциарных учреждениях. Несмотря на достаточно объемный перечень предусмотренных законодателем мер поощрения, отмечена необходимость переработки норм уголовно-исполнительного законодательства, регламентирующих поощрительные меры осужденных к лишению свободы в направлении обеспечения целостности данной системы, последовательности ее элементов, их большей дифференциации. Автор отмечает, что меры материальных поощрений, к которым относятся выплата денежной премии и награждение подарком, на практике являются не работающими, поскольку законодателем не урегулирован вопрос, из каких средств следует их производить. В настоящее время расходование денежных средств из федерального бюджета на это направление не предусмотрено. В целях максимального стимулирования осужденных к позитивному поведению целесообразно расширить действующий комплекс поощрений, направленных на поддержание социальных связей осужденных. На основании проведенного исследования предлагается ч. 1 ст. 113 УИК РФ дополнить поощрительными мерами в виде направления администрацией учреждения ИУ письма близким родственникам о примерном поведении осужденного; дополнительным дистанционным видеосвиданием посредством сети Интернет; представлением администрации ИУ в суд о сокращении срока отбывания наказания; краткосрочным отпуском до 15 суток с выездом за пределы ИУ. In the article, the author analyzed the issues of improving the used incentive measures that can qualitatively improve the educational process of convicts held in penitentiary institutions. Despite the rather lengthy list of incentives provided by the legislator, the need to revise the norms of criminal executive legislation governing incentive measures for prisoners sentenced to imprisonment in the direction of ensuring the integrity of this system, the sequence of its elements, and their greater differentiation was noted. The author notes that the measures of material incentives, which include the payment of a monetary bonus and rewarding with a gift, are not working in practice, since the legislator has not regulated the question from what means they should be produced. At present, the spending of funds from the federal budget in this direction is not provided. In order to maximize the stimulation of convicts to positive behavior, it is advisable to expand the existing set of incentives aimed at maintaining the social ties of convicts. Based on the study, it is proposed to part 1 of Art. 113 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation to supplement incentive measures in the form of a letter from the administration of the penitentiary institution to close relatives about the exemplary behavior of the convict; additional remote video viewing via the Internet; the presentation of the administration of the penitentiary institution to the court on the reduction of the term of serving the sentence; short-term vacation up to 15 days with a trip outside the penitentiary.

Making Moving Happen

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Social World ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
A Value ◽  
Credit Associations ◽  
The Social

This chapter explores moving as a value, an animating idea that gives social life on the Copperbelt its shape. It shows how people in Nsofu structure their relationships around the possibility of moving through two types of social ties. Most important here are relationships of patronage, or “dependence,” which connect poorer people to those with greater economic and social resources. People also move through relationships that produce alternating indebtedness, including rotating credit associations and the “committees” that finance expensive events like weddings. In both cases moving requires asymmetry, which makes these ties particularly vulnerable to the leveling forces of economic downturn, and the chapter concludes by describing how events like the 2008–2009 financial crisis have impacted the social world of Nsofu. It is these economic factors, coupled with a cultural emphasis on novelty, that make Pentecostalism especially compelling.

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