Performance Effects of Setting a High Reference Point for Peer-Performance Comparison

Journal of Accounting Research ◽

10.1111/1475-679x.12199 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 581-615 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

HENRY EYRING ◽

V. G. NARAYANAN

Keyword(s):

Reference Point ◽

Performance Comparison ◽

Performance Effects ◽

Peer Performance

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Interpreting a Social Reference Point: Peer Performance Feedback and Exploration-Exploitation

Academy of Management Proceedings ◽

10.5465/ambpp.2021.10687abstract ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (1) ◽

pp. 10687

Author(s):

Oliver Baumann ◽

Daniel Newark ◽

Franziska Sump

Keyword(s):

Performance Feedback ◽

Reference Point ◽

Social Reference ◽

Peer Performance ◽

Exploration Exploitation

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Performance comparison of modified AODV in reference point group mobility and random waypoint mobility models

2013 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) ◽

10.1109/icc.2013.6655100 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Harris Simaremare ◽

Abdusy Syarif ◽

Abdelhafid Abouaissa ◽

Riri Fitri Sari ◽

Pascal Lorenz

Keyword(s):

Reference Point ◽

Point Group ◽

Performance Comparison ◽

Mobility Models ◽

Group Mobility ◽

Random Waypoint

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How to Specify a Reference Point in Hypervolume Calculation for Fair Performance Comparison

Evolutionary Computation ◽

10.1162/evco_a_00226 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 411-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Hisao Ishibuchi ◽

Ryo Imada ◽

Yu Setoguchi ◽

Yusuke Nojima

Keyword(s):

Reference Point ◽

Pareto Front ◽

Performance Comparison ◽

Test Problems ◽

Optimal Distribution ◽

Multi Objective ◽

Specification Method ◽

All Solutions ◽

Nadir Point ◽

Distributed Solutions

The hypervolume indicator has frequently been used for comparing evolutionary multi-objective optimization (EMO) algorithms. A reference point is needed for hypervolume calculation. However, its specification has not been discussed in detail from a viewpoint of fair performance comparison. A slightly worse point than the nadir point is usually used for hypervolume calculation in the EMO community. In this paper, we propose a reference point specification method for fair performance comparison of EMO algorithms. First, we discuss the relation between the reference point specification and the optimal distribution of solutions for hypervolume maximization. It is demonstrated that the optimal distribution of solutions strongly depends on the location of the reference point when a multi-objective problem has an inverted triangular Pareto front. Next, we propose a reference point specification method based on theoretical discussions on the optimal distribution of solutions. The basic idea is to specify the reference point so that a set of well-distributed solutions over the entire linear Pareto front has a large hypervolume and all solutions in such a solution set have similar hypervolume contributions. Then, we examine whether the proposed method can appropriately specify the reference point through computational experiments on various test problems. Finally, we examine the usefulness of the proposed method in a hypervolume-based EMO algorithm. Our discussions and experimental results clearly show that a slightly worse point than the nadir point is not always appropriate for performance comparison of EMO algorithms.

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Cognitive Reflection Effects on Time Discounting

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000254 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 99-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Michał Białek ◽

Przemysław Sawicki

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Individual Difference ◽

Delay Discounting ◽

Reference Point ◽

Reference Points ◽

Cognitive Reflection Test ◽

Process Information ◽

Time Discounting ◽

Cognitive Reflection ◽

The Way

Abstract. In this work, we investigated individual differences in cognitive reflection effects on delay discounting – a preference for smaller sooner over larger later payoff. People are claimed to prefer more these alternatives they considered first – so-called reference point – over the alternatives they considered later. Cognitive reflection affects the way individuals process information, with less reflective individuals relying predominantly on the first information they consider, thus, being more susceptible to reference points as compared to more reflective individuals. In Experiment 1, we confirmed that individuals who scored high on the Cognitive Reflection Test discount less strongly than less reflective individuals, but we also show that such individuals are less susceptible to imposed reference points. Experiment 2 replicated these findings additionally providing evidence that cognitive reflection predicts discounting strength and (in)dependency to reference points over and above individual difference in numeracy.

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