Maximizing Value in Board Decisions: The Role of the Decision Quality Officer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea C Marino ◽  
Wayne Eastman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Quality

scholarly journals Heart and Mind: Essential Components in Sound Decision-Making

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 364-364
Author(s):  
Michaela Clark ◽  
Julie Hicks Patrick ◽  
Michaela Reardon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Quality ◽  
Cluster Solution ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Cluster Membership ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Affective Components ◽  
Heart And Mind

Abstract Consumer tasks permit an ecologically-valid context in which to examine the contributions of affective and cognitive resources to decision-making processes and outcomes. Although previous work shows that cognitive factors are important when individuals make decisions (Patrick et al., 2013; Queen et al.), the role of affective components is less clear. We examine these issues in two studies. Study 1 used data from 1000+ adults to inform a cluster analysis examining affective aspects (importance, meaningfulness) of making different types of decisions. A 4-cluster solution resulted. In Study 2, we used affective cluster membership and cognitive performance as predictors of experimental decision-making outcomes among a subset of participants (N = 60). Results of the regression (F(2, 40) = 6.51, p < .01, R2 = .25.) revealed that both the affective clusters (b = .37, p = .01) and cognitive ability (b = -.30, p = .04) uniquely contributed to the variance explained in decision quality. Age did not uniquely contribute. Results are discussed in the context of developing measures that enable us to move the field forward.

scholarly journals Evidence for the Feedback Role of Performance Measurement Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 4385-4406
Author(s):  
Shannon W. Anderson ◽  
Amanda Kimball
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Quality ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Performance Measurement Systems ◽  
K 12

Performance measurement systems (PMSs) are used to diagnose and remediate problems, termed the “decision-facilitating” or feedback role of management control. We examine whether use of PMSs by individual decision makers is associated with better performance. Experimental studies have isolated individual-level effects of feedback on decision quality; however, it is difficult to extend these findings to natural settings. Archival and survey studies offer evidence on the association between the presence of PMSs and performance but have had limited success in measuring decision makers’ actual use of PMSs and addressing endogeneity of the decision to use PMSs. We use unobtrusively collected data on actual PMS use in 30 K–12 charter schools over three years to test whether teachers who make greater use of two PMSs are associated with greater growth in student learning. We find that teachers’ use of PMSs is associated with increased student learning, consistent with the premise that PMSs facilitate teacher interventions and improve student outcomes. The results are both statistically and materially significant, and they are better explained by PMS use than by selection effects of better teachers using PMSs. Consistent with the organization’s focus on “at-risk” students, the strongest effects of teachers’ use of one PMS are concentrated among the lowest-performing students. In sum, we find broad support for the thesis that the feedback role of PMSs is associated with meaningful performance improvement. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.

Improving Decision Quality: The Role of Business Intelligence

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian L. Visinescu ◽  
Mary C. Jones ◽  
Anna Sidorova
Keyword(s):  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Decision Quality

Disciplining Role of Short Sellers: Evidence From M&A Activity

2020 ◽  
pp. 014920632091230
Author(s):  
Wei Shi ◽  
Hermann Achidi Ndofor ◽  
Robert E. Hoskisson
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
Short Selling ◽  
Decision Quality ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Short Sellers ◽  
Top Managers ◽  
External Governance

Prior research has focused on the influence of long investors (e.g., institutional investors) on merger-and-acquisition (M&A) decisions. This study investigates the role of short sellers in shaping managerial acquisitiveness and M&A decision quality. Short sellers impose a downward pressure on stock prices by disseminating negative information to the market. Given that managerial wealth and job security hinge on stock prices, top managers respond to increased short selling by refraining from excessive M&A activities because M&As could provide opportunities for short sellers to spread negative information and dampen stock prices. Furthermore, the negative influence of short sellers on managerial acquisitiveness is enhanced by the market for corporate control as an external governance mechanism and by CEO equity ownership as an internal governance mechanism. When firms with increasing short selling do engage in M&As, they gain higher M&A announcement returns and operating performance. We test our hypotheses using firms in the S&P 1500 from 2002 to 2014 and find support for our arguments.

How do clinicians prepare family members for the role of surrogate decision-maker?

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas V Cunningham ◽  
Leslie P Scheunemann ◽  
Robert M Arnold ◽  
Douglas White
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Decision Quality ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Guidance Counselling ◽  
Incapacitated Patients ◽  
Surrogate Decision ◽  
Future Work

PurposeAlthough surrogate decision-making (SDM) is prevalent in intensive care units (ICUs) and concerns with decision quality are well documented, little is known about how clinicians help family members understand the surrogate role. We investigated whether and how clinicians provide normative guidance to families regarding how to function as a surrogate.Subjects and methodsWe audiorecorded and transcribed 73 ICU family conferences in which clinicians anticipated discussing goals of care for incapacitated patients at high risk of death. We developed and applied a coding framework to identify normative statements by clinicians regarding what considerations should guide surrogates’ decisions, including whether clinicians explained one or more of Buchanan and Brock’s three standard principles of SDM to family members.ResultsClinicians made at least one statement about how to perform the surrogate role in 24 (34%) conferences (mean of 0.83 statements per conference (1.77; range 0–9)). We observed three general types of normative guidance provided to surrogates, with some conferences containing more than one type of guidance: counselling about one or more standard principles of SDM (24% of conferences); counselling surrogates to make decisions centred on the patient as a person, without specifying how to accomplish that (14% of conferences); and counselling surrogates to make decisions based on the family’s values (8% of conferences).ConclusionsClinicians did not provide normative guidance about the surrogate role in two-thirds of family conferences for incapacitated patients at high risk for death. When they did, clinicians’ guidance was often incomplete and sometimes conflicted with standard principles of SDM. Future work is needed to understand whether providing explicit guidance on how to perform the surrogate role improves decision-making or mitigates surrogates’ psychological distress.

Environmental activity management: its use and impact on environmental performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 651-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Nguyet Phan ◽  
Kevin Baird ◽  
Sophia Su
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Decision Quality ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Activity Management ◽  
Activity Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Environmental Activity

Purpose The study provides an insight into the application and usefulness of activity management (AM) principles in an environmental context. Specifically, the purpose of this paper is to examine the extent of use of environmental activity management (EAM) utilising Gosselin’s (1997) three levels of AM (namely, environmental activity analysis (EAA), environmental activity cost analysis (EACA), and environmental activity-based costing (EABC)). The study also examines the association between EAM and environmental performance, and the role of decision quality as a mediator in this relationship. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 208 Australian organisations across different industries using a mail survey questionnaire. Findings The results indicate a relatively high extent of EAA use but a low extent of use of EACA and EABC. In addition, organisations using each level of EAM to a greater extent were found to experience higher levels of environmental performance. Furthermore, the relationship between EAA and EABC with environmental performance was found to be mediated by decision quality. Practical implications The findings suggest that organisations should endeavour to increase their use of EAM, and modify their existing costing systems to consider the drivers and costs of environmental activities. Originality/value This is the first study to empirically examine the extent of use of EAM and its association with environmental performance.

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