scholarly journals How to Measure Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Fuel Type for Binary Sustainability Standards: Average or Marginal Emissions? An Example of Fertilizer Use and Corn Ethanol

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqin Zhu ◽  
Shiyu Yan ◽  
Siemen Van Berkum
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Sustainability Standards

Reducing Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Corn Ethanol

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalladurai Kaliyan ◽  
R Vance Morey ◽  
Douglas G Tiffany
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
Gas Emissions

Greenhouse gas emissions from nitrogen fertilizer use in China

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 688-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrich Kahrl ◽  
Yunju Li ◽  
Yufang Su ◽  
Timm Tennigkeit ◽  
Andreas Wilkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Fertilizer Use

scholarly journals Improvements in Life Cycle Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Corn-Ethanol

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Liska ◽  
Haishun S. Yang ◽  
Virgil R. Bremer ◽  
Terry J. Klopfenstein ◽  
Daniel T. Walters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
Gas Emissions

scholarly journals Voluntary sustainability standards could significantly reduce detrimental impacts of global agriculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (6) ◽  
pp. 2130-2137 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Smith ◽  
E. Nelson ◽  
J. A. Johnson ◽  
S. Polasky ◽  
J. C. Milder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Sugarcane Production ◽  
Sustainable Procurement ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Sustainability Standards

Voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) are stakeholder-derived principles with measurable and enforceable criteria to promote sustainable production outcomes. While institutional commitments to use VSS to meet sustainable procurement policies have grown rapidly over the past decade, we still have relatively little understanding of the (i) direct environmental benefits of large-scale VSS adoption; (ii) potential perverse indirect impacts of adoption; and (iii) implementation pathways. Here, we illustrate and address these knowledge gaps using an ecosystem service modeling and scenario analysis of Bonsucro, the leading VSS for sugarcane. We find that global compliance with the Bonsucro environmental standards would reduce current sugarcane production area (−24%), net tonnage (−11%), irrigation water use (−65%), nutrient loading (−34%), and greenhouse gas emissions from cultivation (−51%). Under a scenario of doubled global sugarcane production, Bonsucro adoption would further limit water use and greenhouse gas emissions by preventing sugarcane expansion into water-stressed and high-carbon stock ecosystems. This outcome was achieved via expansion largely on existing agricultural lands. However, displacement of other crops could drive detrimental impacts from indirect land use. We find that over half of the potential direct environmental benefits of Bonsucro standards under the doubling scenario could be achieved by targeting adoption in just 10% of global sugarcane production areas. However, designing policy that generates the most environmentally beneficial Bonsucro adoption pathway requires a better understanding of the economic and social costs of VSS adoption. Finally, we suggest research directions to advance sustainable consumption and production.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE MOTOR VEHICLE PARKING STRUCTURE BY FUEL TYPE AND ECOLOGICAL CLASS ON GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 898-910
Author(s):  
J. V. Trofimenko ◽  
V. A. Ginzburg ◽  
V. I. Komkov ◽  
V. M. Lytov
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Vehicle Fleet

Introduction. The results of estimating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by a vehicle fleet are described, using the COPERT-4 methodology and the baseline data contained in 1-BDD form, concerning the number of vehicle fleets in Russia and three options for detailing the fleet structure by the fuel type and ecological class in different organizations. Such data is not provided in the forms of state statistical reports and is generated by the researchers.Materials and methods. Various approaches to the structuring of the park by the fuel type and the ecological class give a slight variation in the values of GHG emissions’ gross (up to 4.1%), which confirms the correctness and approaches’ validity to the generation of the required initial data. The authors introduce the concept of total conditional transport work in order to adjust the values of the average annual mileage to the generation of the required initial data in the calculation of GHG emissions gross by the fleet of cars. Moreover, the value of total conditional transport work for all considered GHG variants should be the same.Results. As a result, if such adjustment is not made, the difference between the obtained calculated values of GHG emissions gross by the vehicle fleet for different authors would reach 25-30%. Discussion and conclusions. The reliability of the GHG emission values estimation is confirmed by the indirect method or by comparing the data of statistical reporting on the volumes of motor fuel consumption depending on different consumers in the fuel and energy balance, and on the fuel consumption values, and on the greenhouse gas emissions gross by the COPERT-4 method.

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