National Fossil Fuel Companies and Climate Change Mitigation under International Law

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Mayer ◽  
Mikko Rajavuori
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
International Law ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Change Mitigation

scholarly journals CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION ON FORESTRY BASED ON REED+ IN INTERNATIONAL LAW AND INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Sukanda Husin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Law ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Carbon Sinks ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Carbon Project ◽  
Change Mitigation

The Climate Change Convention and the Kyoto Protocol are designated to restrict and reduce the emissions of GHG through three mechanisms, i.e., carbon sinks, bubbling schemes and flexibility mechanisms. All mechanisms are designed for developed countries Parties. The developing countries Parties do not have such obligations. However, the developing countries are given chance to participate in achieving the Protocol’s objectives through REDD+, especially to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide in forestry sector. Indonesia has enacted several regulations for implementing REDD+ Program. To this date, Indonesia has had carbon project mechanisms and succeeded to realize 40 projects in the period of 2008-2012.Keywords: climate change, mitigation, REDD+. Konvensi Perubahan Iklim dan Protokol Kyoto dirancang untuk membatasi dan mengurangi emisi GRK melalui 3 (tiga) mekanisme, yaitu carbon sinks, bubbling schemesdan flexibility  mechanisms. Semua mekanisme tersebut ditujukan untuk Pihak negara maju. Negara berkembang tidak dibebani kewajiban seperti itu. Tapi negara berkembang diberi kesempatan untuk berpartisipasi mencapai tujuan Protokol melalui REDD+, yang secara khusus dibuat untuk mengurangi emisi karbon dioksida di sektor kehutanan. Indonesia telah membuat beberapa peraturan untuk menerapkan Program REDD+. Sampai saat ini, Indonesia telah membuat mekanisme proyek karbon dan berhasil mendapatkan 40 proyek dalam kurun waktu 2008-2012.

scholarly journals Mangrove blue carbon strategies for climate change mitigation are most effective at the national scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 20180251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Taillardat ◽  
Daniel A. Friess ◽  
Massimo Lupascu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Nationally Determined Contributions ◽  
Natural Carbon ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Fossil Fuel Emissions

Carbon fixed by vegetated coastal ecosystems (blue carbon) can mitigate anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, though its effectiveness differs with the spatial scale of interest. A literature review compiling carbon sequestration rates within key ecosystems confirms that blue carbon ecosystems are the most efficient natural carbon sinks at the plot scale, though some overlooked biogeochemical processes may lead to overestimation. Moreover, the limited spatial extent of coastal habitats minimizes their potential at the global scale, only buffering 0.42% of the global fossil fuel carbon emissions in 2014. Still, blue carbon plays a role for countries with moderate fossil fuel emissions and extensive coastlines. In 2014, mangroves mitigated greater than 1% of national fossil fuel emissions for countries such as Bangladesh, Colombia and Nigeria. Considering that the Paris Agreement is based on nationally determined contributions, we propose that mangrove blue carbon may contribute to climate change mitigation at this scale in some instances alongside other blue carbon ecosystems.

Climate Change Triage

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah M. Sachs
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
International Law ◽  
Moral Theory ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Change Policy ◽  
Change Mitigation

Climate change is the first global triage crisis. It is caused by the overuse of a severely limited natural resource—the atmosphere’s capacity to absorb greenhouse gases—and millions of lives depend on how international law allocates this resource among nations.This Article is the first to explore solutions for climate change mitigation through the lens of triage ethics, drawing on law, philosophy, moral theory, and economics. The literature on triage ethics—developed in contexts such as battlefield trauma, organ donation, emergency medicine, and distribution of food and shelter—has direct implications for climate change policy and law, yet it has been overlooked by climate change scholars. The triage lens rules out climate policies—including the current emissions path—that will lead to catastrophic warming, and it puts options on the table that are marginalized in the current United Nations negotiations on a climate change agreement.This Article examines three allocation principles that could potentially apply in climate change triage—utilitarianism, egalitarianism, and a market-based distribution—and it concludes that egalitarianism is the preferable allocation principle from the standpoint of ethics and international law. This Article ends by exploring four major policy implications that emerge from viewing climate change through the lens of triage.

Mediated versus Cumulative Environmental Damage and the International Law Association’s Legal Principles on Climate Change

Climate Law ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 217-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Zahar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
International Law ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
International Climate ◽  
Change Mitigation

The content of international climate change law is being subjected to investigation and critical analysis after twenty years of international policy on climate change. The ila’s Legal Principles Relating to Climate Change are a contribution to this discussion. The ila has put forth a ‘principle of prevention’ as being not just relevant to, but at the very foundation of, climate change law—in particular mitigation law. In their article in this issue of the journal, Schwarte and Frank focus on the ila’s reliance on the prevention principle, endorsing the ila’s approach in this respect. However, as I argue in this comment, the principle of prevention is neither applicable nor of relevance to the problem of climate change, and thus cannot be an element of climate change mitigation law. I also question the ila’s utilization of another legal principle—the precautionary principle—as a basis for the development of an international law of adaptation.

scholarly journals Understanding the effects of partisan identity on climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Doell ◽  
Philip Pärnamets ◽  
Elizabeth Ann Harris ◽  
Leor M Hackel ◽  
Jay Joseph Van Bavel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Potential Solution ◽  
Collective Cognition ◽  
Change Beliefs ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Policies

Partisan and ideological identities are a consistent barrier to the adoption of climate change mitigation policies, especially in Anglophone countries where fossil fuel reliance is the highest. We review how understanding collective cognition may help overcome such barriers by changing norms, promoting cooperation, downplaying partisan identities, or leveraging other identities to promote pro-climate change beliefs and behaviors. We also highlight several gaps in the literature and lay out a brief roadmap for future research. In sum, this review highlights the important role that social identity plays, both in terms of a barrier and a potential solution, in aid of promoting climate change mitigation.

scholarly journals Increased Fossil Fuel Consumption and Its Impact on Energy Efficiency and Economic Growth

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Kehinde Damilola Ilesanmi ◽  
Devi Datt Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Change Mitigation

Energy efficiency improvement is believed to be an effective means of reducing energy consumption thereby reducing green-house gas emission and as well promoting sustainable economic development. Therefore, ascertaining the energy efficiency level will guide policy makers on the right kind policy intervention that will guarantee energy security, climate change mitigation and sustainable growth and development. The study employed a multivariate regression technique to estimation of the impact of a change in the energy structure on aggregate energy efficiency and economic growth. It was revealed in the study that, though an increase usage of fossil fuel is an important factor input for economic growth, however, it is inimical to the efforts aimed at combating climate change. The study also revealed that the marginal efficiency of the energy inputs is important for ensuring increased output as well as sustainable energy supply. Energy efficiency was seen as a mechanism for improving optimal energy utilization. Therefore, improving the level of energy efficiency will significantly assist in providing clean energy coupled with achieving sustainable development goals. This will benefit the nation in terms of ensuring energy security together with climate change mitigation. Policy makers should also focus more on investing in energy efficiency promoting technologies in order to reduce the per capita energy consumption without compromising the economic output level.   Received: 16 June 2021 / Accepted: 7 November 2021 / Published: 3 January 2022

scholarly journals Bio-energy and CO2 emission reductions: an integrated land-use and energy sector perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 1675-1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Bauer ◽  
David Klein ◽  
Florian Humpenöder ◽  
Elmar Kriegler ◽  
Gunnar Luderer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Emission Mitigation ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Context Variables ◽  
Change Mitigation

AbstractBiomass feedstocks can be used to substitute fossil fuels and effectively remove carbon from the atmosphere to offset residual CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and other sectors. Both features make biomass valuable for climate change mitigation; therefore, CO2 emission mitigation leads to complex and dynamic interactions between the energy and the land-use sector via emission pricing policies and bioenergy markets. Projected bioenergy deployment depends on climate target stringency as well as assumptions about context variables such as technology development, energy and land markets as well as policies. This study investigates the intra- and intersectorial effects on physical quantities and prices by coupling models of the energy (REMIND) and land-use sector (MAgPIE) using an iterative soft-link approach. The model framework is used to investigate variations of a broad set of context variables, including the harmonized variations on bioenergy technologies of the 33rd model comparison study of the Stanford Energy Modeling Forum (EMF-33) on climate change mitigation and large scale bioenergy deployment. Results indicate that CO2 emission mitigation triggers strong decline of fossil fuel use and rapid growth of bioenergy deployment around midcentury (~ 150 EJ/year) reaching saturation towards end-of-century. Varying context variables leads to diverse changes on mid-century bioenergy markets and carbon pricing. For example, reducing the ability to exploit the carbon value of bioenergy increases bioenergy use to substitute fossil fuels, whereas limitations on bioenergy supply shift bioenergy use to conversion alternatives featuring higher carbon capture rates. Radical variations, like fully excluding all technologies that combine bioenergy use with carbon removal, lead to substantial intersectorial effects by increasing bioenergy demand and increased economic pressure on both sectors. More gradual variations like selective exclusion of advanced bioliquid technologies in the energy sector or changes in diets mostly lead to substantial intrasectorial reallocation effects. The results deepen our understanding of the land-energy nexus, and we discuss the importance of carefully choosing variations in sensitivity analyses to provide a balanced assessment.

scholarly journals Geoengineering : ocean iron fertilisation and the law of the sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Saadi Radcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
International Law ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Current State ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
The Law ◽  
Change Mitigation

<p>Climate change mitigation is one the greatest challenges facing humankind. Recent attempts at reducing carbon emissions have stalled. Various proposals have been made that aim to reduce the levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide through geoengineering. One such technique is ocean iron fertilisation. This paper examines the current state of international law surrounding geoengineering practices involving the sea, with a predominant focus on ocean iron fertilisation, to evaluate the law’s appropriateness and effectiveness at regulating this conduct. This paper concludes that the current law lacks certainty and clarity. It proposes that the law would be more effective through a legally binding amendment to the London Convention and Protocol, stronger domestic legislation and the removal of economic incentives.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document