Pollticas PPblicas E Processo Eleitoral: Reflexxo a Partir Da Democracia Como Projeto Polltico (Public Policies and Electoral Process: Reflection on Democracy As a Political Project)

Described as units developing public policies in a design-oriented manner, Policy Labs are tasked to innovate to gain in policy effectiveness and efficiency. However, as public policymaking is a context-dependent activity, the way in which these novel organisations operate significantly differs. This study discusses the emergence of design approaches for policy innovation. The purpose is to map how Policy Labs in Europe introduce design approaches at distinct stages of the policymaking cycle. For this study, 30 organisations in Europe operating at various levels of government were surveyed. Based on the public policymaking process model, it investigates which design methods are Policy Labs deploying to innovate public policies. The study exposed a gap in the awareness of the utilised methods' nature. It also showed that the use of design methods is of less importance than the introduction of design mindsets for public policy innovation, namely ‘user-centredness’, ‘co-creation’, and ‘exploration’.

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A Review of the Electoral Process under Ghana's Fourth Republic

African Journal of International and Comparative Law ◽

10.3366/ajicl.2020.0318 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 355-377

Author(s):

Lydia A. Nkansah ◽

Delali A. Gawu

Keyword(s):

Rule Of Law ◽

Electoral Process ◽

The Rule Of Law ◽

Members Of Parliament ◽

Electoral Cycle ◽

Fourth Republic ◽

General Elections ◽

Election Results

There have been seven general elections, under Ghana's Fourth Republic, to elect presidents and members of parliament. There are laws regulating the electoral process and election results have generally been accepted and, in a few cases, challenged through the laid-down process. Elections in Ghana are nonetheless reportedly flawed with irregularities tainting the outcome and creating tensions and sometimes pockets of violence. This article examines the electoral process under Ghana's Fourth Republic, namely the adoption of regulations for each electoral cycle, voters’ registration and the voters’ register, nomination of aspirants, voting, counting of votes and declaration of the results. To ensure the integrity of the electoral process, the laws regulating elections should comply with the dictates of the procedural requirements of the rule of law and the Electoral Commission's actions must be consistent with these laws.

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