Allocating Airport Slots - The History of Early Applied Experimental Research

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Svorennnk
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Airport Slots

Replication of Special Education Research

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Makel ◽  
Jonathan A. Plucker ◽  
Jennifer Freeman ◽  
Allison Lombardi ◽  
Brandi Simonsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Education Research ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Journal Citation Report ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Publication History ◽  
Central Tenet ◽  
History Of

Increased calls for rigor in special education have often revolved around the use of experimental research design. However, the replicability of research results is also a central tenet to the scientific research process. To assess the prevalence, success rate, and authorship history of replications in special education, we investigated the complete publication history of every replication published in the 36 journals categorized by ISI Web of Knowledge Journal Citation Report as special education. We found that 0.5% of all articles reported seeking to replicate a previously published finding. More than 80% of these replications reported successfully replicating previous findings. However, replications where there was at least one author overlapping with the original article (which happens about two thirds of the time) were statistically significantly more likely to find successful results.

Sheep of the synthetic lines BCP and SCP in practical breeding and experimental research

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz M. Gruszecki ◽  
Czesława Lipecka ◽  
Anna Szymanowska ◽  
Andrzej Jankuszew ◽  
Krzysztof Patkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Environmental Determinants ◽  
Scientific Experiments ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sheep Production

The study presented the history of the synthetic sheep lines BCP and SCP and the method by which they were created by the employees of the Department of Small Ruminant Breeding and Agricultural Advisory, University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The article additionally describes the role of these animals in sheep production and experimental research. Comprehensive analysis of the effects of breeding work in these populations, together with the results of scientific research using them as subjects, indicates that sheep of the synthetic universal prolific meat lines BCP and SCP are fully suitable for production of meat lambs in both intensive and extensive rearing conditions. Animals of both lines underwent experiments related to the genetic, physiological and environmental determinants of the level of reproductive and meat performance, which showed that these populations are well-suited for scientific experiments. According to the authors, in further selection work on the synthetic BCP and SCP lines greater focus should be placed on the percentage of reared lambs and the conformation of the dorsal part of the torso. They also indicated the need for monitoring of genetic variation due to the risk of increased inbreeding.

Contributions to the History of Psychology: XCIX. Experimental Study of Infrahuman Primate Sexual Behaviors: James Harlan Elder

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1383-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Prior to the 1930s, designs of research into sexual behavior of infrahuman primates were not comparable; conclusions about physiological and nonphysiological factors in receptivity and mating were confounded by species studied, living and testing conditions, and precaptivity history. Clearly there was need for comprehensive and controlled studies of infrahuman primate sexual behavior. In response to the controversy about biological bases of receptivity and mating, James Harlan Elder, in collaboration with Robert M. Yerkes, designed the first truly comprehensive study of factors influencing sexual behavior of chimpanzees. At that time, other persons interested in this problem were employing experimental methods, but Elder's and Yerkes' program most directly addressed the problems confounding prior study and their work served as a model of experimental research into factors affecting receptivity and mating of infrahuman primates.

scholarly journals Plum Cultivars in Sweden: History and Conservation for Future Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Inger Hjalmarsson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
National Inventory ◽  
History Of

Abstract This article reviews the history of plum cultivation and cultivars in Sweden with the aim to describe important heirloom cultivars and to explain how they are conserved in the Swedish National Gene Bank. Commercial plum production in Sweden started around 1890 and was initially in part based on small-fruited local cultivars grown on their own roots. Along with the development of a modern Swedish nursery industry and experimental research the use of grafted trees grew in importance. In the mid-1950s, the yearly plum production in Sweden was estimated to be approximately 2000 tonnes. Since the mid-1980s, production has declined and it is now only about 250 tonnes per year. The work to safeguard heirloom cultivars began with a national inventory in 2005 and since 2012, so-called mandate cultivars have been planted in the Swedish National Gene Bank at Alnarp. Today 45 plum cultivars are preserved with two trees in the gene bank at Alnarp and two trees in local clonal archives.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STAND AND METHODOLOGY FOR THE ROLLER’S WORKING BODY RESEARCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-415
Author(s):  
O. Y. Kazakov ◽  
G. V. Kustarev
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Movable Part ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Experimental Stand ◽  
History Of ◽  
Design Construction

Introduction. The paper researches the sphere of paving with a roller. The authors describe the current situation in the asphalt concrete’s application as a road surface. Moreover, the authors conduct the excursion into the history of material. The paper presents the preconditions that justify the need for creating recommendations, schemes and methods for experimental study of the working body and material under laboratory conditions of various kinds. The aim of the study is to create the stand concept and methods for experimental research of the roller’s working body in the laboratory.Materials and methods. The paper described a laboratory stand for experiments in the sphere of roller’s working equipment. The authors demonstrated the construction made of a base, a stiffener box, guides and a movable part with a frame and equipment, suspended above the compacted material’s container.Results. As a result, the authors presented the detailed methodology for conducting experiments and recommendations for its transformation in the considered sphere. The paper showed all the necessary data for the design, construction of the test bench and experiments with the roller’s working equipment. Discussion and conclusions. Researchers, especially beginners, receive an additional tool for study of dependencies and phenomena that occur during compaction of material by the roller. Therefore, the authors develops the scheme for the research of the roller’s working body in small area conditions and in extensive laboratories.

Johannes Kepler and the Exploration of the Weight of Substances in the Long Sixteenth Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-359
Author(s):  
Cesare Pastorino
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Francis Bacon ◽  
Johannes Kepler ◽  
History Of ◽  
Practical Mathematics ◽  
Natural Philosophers ◽  
Extensive List

Abstract Numerous early modern experimentalists, including Galileo Galilei, Francis Bacon and Thomas Harriot, viewed one seemingly humble principle – that at a given volume, different substances can be identified by their particular weight, or specific gravity – as a fundamental key to the understanding of nature in general. Johannes Kepler’s Messekunst Archimedis of 1616 contains a striking summary of the experimental research on specific gravities in the long sixteenth-century. Counting himself amongst an extensive list of authors interested in this problem, Kepler mentions not only natural philosophers or mathematicians interested in Archimedes. His account surprisingly includes humanists, instrument makers, antiquarians and assayers. Received histories of specific gravities often focus on antecedents of modern disciplinary concepts and methodologies, where instead, Kepler’s account suggests the existence of a heterogeneous group of early modern experts involved in experiments on the quantification of matter, at the intersection between the history of science, practical mathematics and the humanities.

Recent Advances in Sensing and Control of Flexible Structures Via Piezoelectric Materials Technology

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sunar ◽  
S. S. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Flexible Structures ◽  
Survey Article ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Intelligent Structures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Distributed Behavior ◽  
And Control

Due to their special characteristics, piezoelectric materials can be used in distributed behavior sensing and control of flexible structures. These materials are usually incorporated with the precision sensing and control of highly adaptive intelligent structures. Many theoretical, numerical, and experimental research activities treating piezoelectricity in sensing and control of various flexible structures have been carried out over the last decade. This survey article aims at collecting the recent research studies in this important field. It contains 336 references which are classified according to their applications. A brief theory and history of piezoelectricity is also presented.

scholarly journals Effects of the Application of a Program of Adapted Utilitarian Judo (JUA) on the Fear of Falling Syndrome (FOF) for the Health Sustainability of the Elderly Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Toronjo-Hornillo ◽  
Carolina Castañeda-Vázquez ◽  
María Campos-Mesa ◽  
Gloria González-Campos ◽  
Juan Corral-Pernía ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
History Of ◽  
Experimental Group

This research analyzes the fall history of a group of elderly people and studies the effects of an intervention program based on Adapted Utilitarian Judo (JUA) to teach fall control in subjects with fear of falling syndrome (FOF). We adopted a quasi-experimental research design with pre-post measurement of the experimental group, in a healthy, pre-fragile sample of 12 women aged 71.5 ± 8 years, chosen using non-probabilistic-incidental accessibility sampling. The WHO questionnaire was used for the functional assessment of the fall. To evaluate FOF, we applied the 16-item version of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), (pretest and posttest). This intervention program was based on Adapted Utilitarian Judo and conducted over 8 weeks, with two 60-minute sessions each week. After analyzing the scores obtained by the subjects in the pre and post FES-I, we found that the intervention with the JUA program had been significant for the experimental group with p ≤ 0.004, and there was an 11.9% decrease in the fear of falling (FES-I pos = 18.17). The results show that after the application of the JUA program there were significant improvements in subjects’ perception of FOF, with this being greater in those who had the highest levels of fear of falling before the intervention.

Low frequency and infrasound: A critical review of the myths, misbeliefs and their relevance to music perception research

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg H. Mühlhans
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Music Perception ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Information ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Production Measurement ◽  
The One

Over the last several decades low frequency and infrasound have become relevant to many fields of research – most recently psychology and musicology, among others. Interpretation of data from experimental research has raised concern that low frequency and infrasound could be potentially harmful to humans’ well-being. While the physiological and psychological effects of infrasound are well documented, a variety of myths promulgated by pseudoscientific authors and newspapers still make it difficult to distinguish between fact and fiction, especially for people with little or no knowledge in acoustics. Myths are widespread today and result mainly from the one-dimensional view on sound, out-of-context citations, and a number of “sensational” findings from biased studies. The aim of this review is to evaluate the relevance of data from a music-psychological and psychoacoustic point of view, to give a consistent overview of the history of research, to examine the transferability of findings, and to trace the origins of myths to debunk them. Additionally, general information about the characteristics of low frequency sound, its production, measurement, and difficulties in experimental research is given to avoid mistakes in future research.

scholarly journals Nasalization: an overview of the notion and research

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Edita Butkauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World Languages ◽  
Nasal Vowels ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of

  Nasalization, treated both from a phonetic and phonological point of view, has a rather long history of research. It was first described in reference to nasal sounds in the 5th century BC. Nowadays it is mostly treated in the context of abundant experimental research into nasal and nasalized sounds and is based on radiographic, electrographic, nasographic, fiberoscopic and aerodynamic data.In traditional phonetic studies a nasalized segment is understood as a sound whose production involves a flow of air through the mouth and nose; nasalization is defined as the production of a sound when the velum is lowered so that some air passes through the nose.Linguistic studies of Lithuanian and other researchers have identified three types of nasalization: nasal vowels, nasalized vowels and nasal consonants. Only about one fourth of world languages have nasal vowels in their inventory and they are treated as individual phonemes. French is one of the few examples of such languages. In linguistic studies such nasalization is also called contrastive. In languages which have no nasal vowels, nasalization occurs next to or between the nasal consonants [m] and [n]. The type of nasalization is referred to as contextual nasalization; their respective sounds are called nasalized vowels. The notion of nasalization also includes nasal consonants, whose production also involves the air escaping through the mouth and nose.Nasalization has been extensively discussed in the studies on phonetics and phonology produced by foreign researchers, especially those investigating English and French. The studies include both theoretical papers and overviews of experimental research focusing on investigating both sound length and quality. In Lithuania investigation into nasalization has only just started.

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