A Comparative Study on CSR Disclosure Practices of Young North America and Asia Pacific Technology Companies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulaganathan Subramanian ◽  
Nuramalina Sufian ◽  
Minh Dao
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Csr Disclosure

scholarly journals Global incidence and prevalence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby M. Maher ◽  
Elisabeth Bendstrup ◽  
Louis Dron ◽  
Jonathan Langley ◽  
Gerald Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

Abstract Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive debilitating lung disease with considerable morbidity. Heterogeneity in epidemiologic studies means the full impact of the disease is unclear. Methods A targeted literature search for population-based, observational studies reporting incidence and/or prevalence of IPF from January 2009 to April 2020 was conducted. Identified studies were aggregated by country. For countries with multiple publications, a weighted average was determined. Incidence and prevalence data were adjusted for between-study differences where possible. The final model included adjusted estimates of incidence and prevalence per 10,000 of the population with 95% confidence intervals. As prevalence estimates vary depending on the definitions used, estimates were based on a specific case definition of IPF. Results Overall, 22 studies covering 12 countries met the inclusion criteria, with 15 reporting incidence and 18 reporting prevalence estimates. The adjusted incidence estimates (per 10,000 of the population) ranged from 0.35 to 1.30 in Asia–Pacific countries, 0.09 to 0.49 in Europe, and 0.75 to 0.93 in North America. Unadjusted and adjusted incidence estimates were consistent. The adjusted prevalence estimates ranged from 0.57 to 4.51 in Asia–Pacific countries, 0.33 to 2.51 in Europe, and 2.40 to 2.98 in North America. South Korea had the highest incidence and prevalence estimates. When prevalence estimates were compared to country-specific rare disease thresholds, IPF met the definition of a rare disease in all countries except South Korea. There were notable geographic gaps for IPF epidemiologic data. Conclusions Due to differences in study methodologies, there is worldwide variability in the reported incidence and prevalence of IPF. Based on the countries included in our analysis, we estimated the adjusted incidence and prevalence of IPF to be in the range of 0.09–1.30 and 0.33–4.51 per 10,000 persons, respectively. According to these prevalence estimates, IPF remains a rare disease. For consistency, future epidemiologic studies of IPF should take age, sex, smoking status, and the specificity of case definitions into consideration.

A comparative study of community medicine and public health curriculum at medical schools in Iran and North America

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Tahereh Changiz ◽  
Mahasti Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
North America ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Medicine ◽  
Center Staff ◽  
Health Curriculum ◽  
Spiral Curriculum

Background: Community medicine and public health are the core subjects in medical education. One of the main competencies of general physicians in the national curriculum is having knowledge and skills in health promotion and disease prevention in the health system. Any curriculum revision in community medicine departments needs to incorporate the evidence and use pioneer countries’ experiences in this issue. This study aims to compare community medicine and public health courses in medical schools between Iran and selected universities in North America. Methods: The elements of a community medicine curriculum for medical students were compared in a descriptive-comparative study using the Bereday model. These elements included objectives and competencies, educational strategies, teaching and learning methods, assessment, and educational fields in a community medicine curriculum in Iran and in selected universities in North America. A literature search was conducted in CINAHL, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, Web of Science, EBSCO, and on university websites. Results: Essential aspects of community-based strategies among community medicine and public health curriculum of general medicine in universities in Canada and the United States included a longitudinal approach, training in urban and rural primary care centers, teaching by family physicians and health center staff, a spiral curriculum, focus on social determinants of health, taking of social and cultural histories and social prescriptions, learning teamwork, and using LIC (Longitudinal Integrated Curriculum). Conclusion: The objective of community medicine and public health curriculum in selected North American universities was to prepare general practitioners who work in Level 2 and 3 hospitals and to improve their skills to provide high-quality services to the community. Some of the successful points in the selected universities that could be replicated in Iranian faculties of medicine included using integration strategy, a spiral curriculum, and an LIC approach.

THE 21ST AIR TRANSPORT RESEARCH SOCIETY CONFERENCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
Marina Efthymiou ◽  
Li Zou
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Research Society ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Volume Number ◽  
The University

The Air Transport Research Society (ATRS) was launched as a special interest group of the World Conference on Transport Research Society (WCTR) during the 7th Triennial WCTR Conference at Sydney in 1995. Headquartered at the Robert H. Smith School of Business at the University of Maryland, ATRS is a platform for exchanging research ideas and results and facilitating multi-national and/ or multi- disciplinary research collaborations. Professor Tae Oum is the ATRS Founder and Chair and Professor Martin Dresner is the President and CEO. ATRS has its networking committee consisting of representatives around the group including researchers, economists, consultants and professionals. Since 2001, ATRS has been producing on a yearly basis a Global Airport Benchmarking Report. The report provides over 30 performance metrics for measuring and assessing effects of the operating environment and service quality of the airport, and airport management strategies such as business diversification, outsourcing, etc. Initiated at the University of British Columbia, the annual Global Airport Performance Benchmarking project is currently hosted at the David B. O’Maley College of Business at Embry Riddle Aeronautical University in Daytona Beach, Florida. A task force, led by Professor Chunyan Yu, and consisting of 16 leading researchers from Asia Pacific, Europe and North America guides the development of the annual report released every summer. More than 200 airports and 20 airport groups are covered and benchmarked among peer airports worldwide and within the three regions currently including North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific & Oceania. With the objective of providing the most comprehensive and unbiased comparison of airports performance regarding productivity and efficiency, financial performance, unit cost competitiveness, and airport charges, the report currently consists of three parts. The first part provides a summary of the research methodology and main findings. The second part, which is the main body of the report, provides comparative assessments of airport performance and characteristics such as traffic volume, number of employees, terminal-airside capacity, and airport charges. The last part of the report presents a short profile of each airport, its new development and recent awards.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Omadacycline Activity against Clinical Isolates from a Global Collection (North America, Europe, Latin America, Asia-Western Pacific), 2010-2011

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Pfaller ◽  
Michael D. Huband ◽  
Paul R. Rhomberg ◽  
Robert K. Flamm
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
North America ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Viridans Group Streptococci

ABSTRACT Omadacycline is a broad-spectrum aminomethylcycline in late-stage clinical development for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections and community-acquired pneumonia as an oral and an intravenous once-daily formulation. In this study, omadacycline and comparators were tested against 69,246 nonduplicate bacterial isolates collected prospectively during 2010 and 2011 from medical centers in Asia-Pacific (11,397 isolates), Europe (23,490 isolates), Latin America (8,038 isolates), and North America (26,321 isolates). Omadacycline was tested by broth microdilution following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M07-A10 (2015) methods. A total of 99.9% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were inhibited by ≤2 μg/ml of omadacycline (MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 μg/ml), including 100.0% of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates and 99.8% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates. Omadacycline potencies were comparable for Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.06 μg/ml), viridans group streptococci (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12 μg/ml), and beta-hemolytic streptococci (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12 μg/ml) regardless of species and susceptibility to penicillin. Omadacycline was active against Enterobacteriaceae and was most active against Escherichia coli (MIC50/90, 0.5/2 μg/ml), Enterobacter aerogenes (MIC50/90, 2/4 μg/ml), Klebsiella oxytoca (MIC50/90, 1/4 μg/ml), and Citrobacter spp. (MIC50/90, 1/4 μg/ml). Omadacycline was active against Haemophilus influenzae (MIC50/90, 1/1 μg/ml) regardless of β-lactamase status and against Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 μg/ml). The potent activity of omadacycline against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria indicates that omadacycline merits further study in serious infections in which multidrug resistance and mixed Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections may be a concern.

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