, (A Study of Factors Affecting the Price of Russian Exporters on World Markets)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Knobel ◽  
D Kuznetsov ◽  
V. Sedalishchev
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
World Markets

scholarly journals The future of the global food system

2010 ◽  
Vol 365 (1554) ◽  
pp. 2769-2777 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Charles J. Godfray ◽  
Ian R. Crute ◽  
Lawrence Haddad ◽  
David Lawrence ◽  
James F. Muir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food System ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Wild Food ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Income Distributions ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Growth Changes

Although food prices in major world markets are at or near a historical low, there is increasing concern about food security—the ability of the world to provide healthy and environmentally sustainable diets for all its peoples. This article is an introduction to a collection of reviews whose authors were asked to explore the major drivers affecting the food system between now and 2050. A first set of papers explores the main factors affecting the demand for food (population growth, changes in consumption patterns, the effects on the food system of urbanization and the importance of understanding income distributions) with a second examining trends in future food supply (crops, livestock, fisheries and aquaculture, and ‘wild food’). A third set explores exogenous factors affecting the food system (climate change, competition for water, energy and land, and how agriculture depends on and provides ecosystem services), while the final set explores cross-cutting themes (food system economics, food wastage and links with health). Two of the clearest conclusions that emerge from the collected papers are that major advances in sustainable food production and availability can be achieved with the concerted application of current technologies (given sufficient political will), and the importance of investing in research sooner rather than later to enable the food system to cope with both known and unknown challenges in the coming decades.

scholarly journals Ubój rytualny w Polsce – wybrane aspekty

2017 ◽  
Vol 17(32) (1) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Robert Mroczek
Keyword(s):  
Meat Production ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Member States ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Slaughter Cattle ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
World Markets ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
The Eu

The objective of this study was to analyse ritual slaughters of animals for slaughter (cattle and poultry) in Poland in recent years, and to indicate the factors affecting their volume (scale). Using this form of slaughter raises many emotions and controversy, mainly for social (ethical and cultural) reasons. The EU legislation allows to carry out ritual slaughter for religious purposes, but the final decision in this matter belongs to the Member States. Ritual slaughter, although with some restrictions, is permitted in 23 European Union Member States. In Poland, it is carried out on an industrial scale, and meat obtained in this way is mainly for export, since the domestic demand is relatively small due to the small percentage of national minorities, i.e. Muslims and Jews. The possibility of carrying out such slaughter allows to increase production of livestock and poultry in Poland and the revenues and profits of the meat industry. It is also important that, in this way, the greater diversification of outlet markets takes place and with the high instability of world markets it reduces the risk of meat production.

scholarly journals Price Competitiveness of International Tourism Destinations and Tourism Demand, Tourism Receipts Relationship

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan Göral
Keyword(s):  
General Concept ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Price Competitiveness ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Exchange Rate Movements ◽  
The Relationship

The competitiveness of an industry is a critical determinant of how well it performs in world markets. The potential for any country's tourism industry to develop will depend substantially on its ability to maintain competitive advantage in its delivery of goods and services to visitors. Competitiveness is a general concept that encompasses price differentials coupled with exchange rate movements, productivity levels of various components of the tourist industry and qualitative factors affecting the attractiveness or otherwise of a destination. Given some evidence on the price sensitivity of the demand for travel, destinations need to monitor their price competitiveness relative to alternate locations. Changing costs are among the most important factors influencing the choice of a destination with prices being an essential component in the overall tourism competitiveness of a destination. The aims of this study are; first, to demonstrate the country’s tourism price competitiveness rank; second, examine the relationship between price competitiveness and tourism demand and also with tourism receipts.

scholarly journals Impact of Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection on the Volume of Domestic Hard Coal Sales in Poland

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Aurelia Rybak ◽  
Ewelina Włodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Arima Model ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Time Period ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Armax Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Factors

The paper presents the results of an analysis of the impact of activities related to the implementation of Poland’s climate policy on the level of demand for hard coal. The authors used sets of indicators built by Eurostat during the analysis. The analysis was based on a set of indicators that had not previously been used for this purpose. The applied ARAMAX model made it possible to study the impact of the presented indicators on the volume of demand for hard coal in Poland. They were introduced to the ARMAX model as explanatory variables. The demand for hard coal in Poland was the dependent variable. The set of indicators was verified, and finally only statistically significant factors were used to build the model. The forecast of the demand for hard coal was made until 2022. It showed that the volume of coal sales would systematically fall as long as factors affecting demand remain constant. However, an additional factor was taken into account in the analysis, namely the increase in demand and prices for hard coal on world markets. The ARIMA model was used to forecast price levels for the next 12 months. The forecast indicates that the time series of prices should maintain an upward trend within the examined time period. Building an accurate and reliable forecast is the basis for effective planning of coal production and is adjusted to the demand for this fuel.

Progress In The Practical Application Of Automated Image Analysis To Tem Negatives

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
F. A. Heckman ◽  
E. Redman ◽  
J.E. Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Image Quality ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Comprehensive Study

In our initial publication on this subject1) we reported results demonstrating that contrast is the most important factor in producing the high image quality required for reliable image analysis. We also listed the factors which enhance contrast in order of the experimentally determined magnitude of their effect. The two most powerful factors affecting image contrast attainable with sheet film are beam intensity and KV. At that time we had only qualitative evidence for the ranking of enhancing factors. Later we carried out the densitometric measurements which led to the results outlined below.Meaningful evaluations of the cause-effect relationships among the considerable number of variables in preparing EM negatives depend on doing things in a systematic way, varying only one parameter at a time. Unless otherwise noted, we adhered to the following procedure evolved during our comprehensive study:Philips EM-300; 30μ objective aperature; magnification 7000- 12000X, exposure time 1 second, anti-contamination device operating.

Factors affecting microstructural scale in liquid crystalline polymers

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
Christine M. Dannels ◽  
Christopher Viney
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficients ◽  
Low Thermal Expansion ◽  
Lower Viscosity ◽  
Fine Microstructure ◽  
Planar Orientation ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Processing polymers from the liquid crystalline state offers several advantages compared to processing from conventional fluids. These include: better axial strength and stiffness in fibers, better planar orientation in films, lower viscosity during processing, low solidification shrinkage of injection moldings (thermotropic processing), and low thermal expansion coefficients. However, the compressive strength of the solid is disappointing. Previous efforts to improve this property have focussed on synthesizing stiffer molecules. The effect of microstructural scale has been overlooked, even though its relevance to the mechanical and physical properties of more traditional materials is well established. By analogy with the behavior of metals and ceramics, one would expect a fine microstructure (i..e. a high density of orientational defects) to be desirable.Also, because much microstructural detail in liquid crystalline polymers occurs on a scale close to the wavelength of light, light is scattered on passing through these materials.

Factors affecting dentist participation in a state Medicaid program

1990 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 638-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Damiano ◽  
ER Brown ◽  
JD Johnson ◽  
JP Scheetz
Keyword(s):  
Medicaid Program ◽  
Factors Affecting

Speech Therapy Services in a Large School System: A Six-Year Overview

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance P. DesRoches
Keyword(s):  
School System ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Case Load ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
School Population ◽  
System A ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Selection Factors

A statistical review provides analysis of four years of speech therapy services of a suburban school system which can be used for comparison with other school system programs. Included are data on the percentages of the school population enrolled in therapy, the categories of disabilities and the number of children in each category, the sex and grade-level distribution of those in therapy, and shifts in case-load selection. Factors affecting changes in case-load profiles are identified and discussed.

Assessing the Link Between Perception and Production in Cantonese Tone Acquisition

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy Pik Ki Mok ◽  
Holly Sze Ho Fung ◽  
Vivian Guo Li
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
General Principle ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Tone Pair ◽  
Tone Production ◽  
Monosyllabic Words ◽  
Early Production ◽  
Forced Choice Task ◽  
Production Accuracy

Purpose Previous studies showed early production precedes late perception in Cantonese tone acquisition, contrary to the general principle that perception precedes production in child language. How tone production and perception are linked in 1st language acquisition remains largely unknown. Our study revisited the acquisition of tone in Cantonese-speaking children, exploring the possible link between production and perception in 1st language acquisition. Method One hundred eleven Cantonese-speaking children aged between 2;0 and 6;0 (years;months) and 10 adolescent reference speakers participated in tone production and perception experiments. Production materials with 30 monosyllabic words were transcribed in filtered and unfiltered conditions by 2 native judges. Perception accuracy was based on a 2-alternative forced-choice task with pictures covering all possible tone pair contrasts. Results Children's accuracy of production and perception of all the 6 Cantonese tones was still not adultlike by age 6;0. Both production and perception accuracies matured with age. A weak positive link was found between the 2 accuracies. Mother's native language contributed to children's production accuracy. Conclusions Our findings show that production and perception abilities are associated in tone acquisition. Further study is needed to explore factors affecting production accuracy in children. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7960826

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