Gas-to-Power Market in Nigeria: A Regulatory and Economic Assessment

Bulk electricity storage technologies for load-leveling operation – An economic assessment for the Austrian and German power market

International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems ◽

10.1016/j.ijepes.2014.02.002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 ◽

pp. 111-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

M. Kloess ◽

K. Zach

Keyword(s):

Power Market ◽

Economic Assessment ◽

Electricity Storage ◽

Load Leveling ◽

Storage Technologies

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ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH

Medicine and pharmaceutics ◽

10.32743/2658-4093.2020.3.14.270 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Natalia Afonina ◽

Svetlana Goncharova

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Economic Assessment

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Biorefinery implementation for recovery debottlenecking at existing pulp mills- Part II: Techno-economic evaluation

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj11.8.17 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 17-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

HAKIM GHEZZAZ ◽

LUC PELLETIER ◽

PAUL R. STUART

Keyword(s):

Cost Estimation ◽

Process Model ◽

Black Liquor ◽

Pulp Mill ◽

Value Added ◽

Economic Assessment ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Precipitation Process

The evaluation and process risk assessment of (a) lignin precipitation from black liquor, and (b) the near-neutral hemicellulose pre-extraction for recovery boiler debottlenecking in an existing pulp mill is presented in Part I of this paper, which was published in the July 2012 issue of TAPPI Journal. In Part II, the economic assessment of the two biorefinery process options is presented and interpreted. A mill process model was developed using WinGEMS software and used for calculating the mass and energy balances. Investment costs, operating costs, and profitability of the two biorefinery options have been calculated using standard cost estimation methods. The results show that the two biorefinery options are profitable for the case study mill and effective at process debottlenecking. The after-tax internal rate of return (IRR) of the lignin precipitation process option was estimated to be 95%, while that of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process option was 28%. Sensitivity analysis showed that the after tax-IRR of the lignin precipitation process remains higher than that of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process option, for all changes in the selected sensitivity parameters. If we consider the after-tax IRR, as well as capital cost, as selection criteria, the results show that for the case study mill, the lignin precipitation process is more promising than the near-neutral hemicellulose pre-extraction process. However, the comparison between the two biorefinery options should include long-term evaluation criteria. The potential of high value-added products that could be produced from lignin in the case of the lignin precipitation process, or from ethanol and acetic acid in the case of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process, should also be considered in the selection of the most promising process option.

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