Breaking the Rule: Anticipation of Norm Violation in a BinaryyChoice Trust Game

Most cooperative interactions involve the expectation of mutual reciprocation and are based on interpersonal trust. Thus, understanding when and how humans acquire interpersonal trust can help unveiling the origins and development of children’s cooperative behavior. Here, we investigated whether prior socio-moral information about trading partners modulates the choice of preschool- (4-5 years) and school-age children (7-8 years) to share their own goods in a child-friendly version of the Trust Game. In this game, the trustee partner can repay the child’s initial investment or keep everything and betray the trustor. In two studies, we addressed whether trust is modulated by trustees exhibiting prosocial versus antisocial behaviors (Study 1, ‘helpers and hinderers’), or respect-based versus fear-based power (Study 2, ‘leaders and bullies’). Preschoolers trusted the leader more than the bully, and trusted the hinderer less than a neutral agent, but did not yet trust the helper more than the hinderer. The tendency to trust helpers more than hinderers increased with age as a result of the increased propensity to trust the prosocial agent. In Study 3, a group of preschoolers played the Dictator Game, a measure of pure generosity, with the same agents used for Study 1. Sharing rates were reliably lower than in Study 1, suggesting that the rates of investment in the trust game cannot be due solely to altruistic or indirect reciprocity motives. Overall, these findings indicate that, by age five, children understand complex cooperative exchanges and start relying on socio-moral information when deciding whom to trust.

Download Full-text

The Decision-making and Outcome Evaluation during a Repeated Trust Game

Acta Psychologica Sinica ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1041.2015.01028 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 47 (8) ◽

pp. 1028 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yiwen WANG ◽

Zhen ZHANG ◽

Sheng YUAN ◽

Fengbo GUO ◽

Shaoying HE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Outcome Evaluation ◽

Trust Game

Download Full-text

An Experimental Investigation of Self-Serving Biases in an Auditing Trust Game: The Effect of Group Affiliation

The Accounting Review ◽

10.2308/accr.2002.77.2.265 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 265-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Ronald R. King

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

Social Pressure ◽

Trust Game ◽

Group Norms ◽

Group Affiliation

I report the results of an experiment designed to investigate the influence of noncredible communications and group affiliation on auditors' formation of self-serving bias. I find that manager-subjects use noncredible communications to induce auditors to develop an unwarranted trust of managers (i.e., a biased judgment). However, the bias is neutralized when auditor-subjects belong to groups that create social pressure to conform to group norms. Thus, my finding calls into question the Bazerman et al. (1997) conclusion that auditors cannot conduct impartial audits due to self-serving biases resulting from repeated interactions between auditors and their clients.

Download Full-text

Taking Corporate Culture Seriously: Group Effects in the Trust Game

Southern Economic Journal ◽

10.1002/j.2325-8012.2006.tb00755.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 27-36

Author(s):

Daniel G. Arce

Keyword(s):

Corporate Culture ◽

Trust Game ◽

Group Effects

Download Full-text

Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kimmo Eriksson ◽

Pontus Strimling ◽

Michele Gelfand ◽

Junhui Wu ◽

Jered Abernathy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Behaviors ◽

Cultural Variation ◽

Negative Relation ◽

Norm Violations ◽

Norm Enforcement ◽

Norm Violation ◽

Social Ostracism

AbstractNorm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate.

Download Full-text

Residential Mobility and Trust: The Moderating Role of Cognitive Need for Closure

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology ◽

10.1177/1834490920974759 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 183449092097475

Author(s):

Na Zhao ◽

Kaiqiang Xu ◽

Ling Sun

Keyword(s):

Residential Mobility ◽

Interpersonal Trust ◽

Negative Association ◽

Trust Game ◽

Trust Building ◽

Control Group ◽

Need For Closure ◽

Stable Group ◽

Moderating Role

This study examined the link between residential mobility and interpersonal trust building. Study 1 revealed a negative association between residential mobility and trust by measuring personal residential-mobility history. Study 2 demonstrated that participants who were momentarily primed with mobility showed a lower investment than participants in the control group in a trust game. The results of Study 3 showed that need for closure moderated the link between residential mobility and trust-building intention. Specifically, lower need-for-closure people had a significantly lower trust tendency in the mobility group than in the stable group. These findings illuminate the underlying influence of need for closure in the link between residential mobility and trust.

Download Full-text