Structure Depreciation and Returns to Scale of Real Estate

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Returns To Scale

The Evaluation of China's Real Estate Company’s Operating Efficiency by DEA

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 5565-5569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Yong Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Scale Economy ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Operating Level ◽  
Real Estate Company

The paper uses principal component analysis method to build a real estate company operating efficiency evaluation index system, use of data envelopment analysis method and real estate company financial data (2005 to 2011) to evaluation operating efficiency. The results show that Chinese real estate Company’s operating level of development is on the upswing. From the perspective of scale economy, most of the listed real estate companies no longer increase returns to scale. Accordingly, we can improve the overall efficiency of the real estate company by expanding the scale of real estate companies rather than simply adjusting product structure.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF LISTED REAL ESTATE COMPANIES: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF CHINA / NEKILNOJAMOJO TURTO KOMPANIJŲ, KURIŲ VERTYBINIAI POPIERIAI ĮTRAUKTI Į BIRŽOS SĄRAŠUS, EFEKTYVUMO VERTINIMAS: EMPIRINIS KINIJOS TYRIMAS

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Zheng ◽  
Kwong-Wing Chau ◽  
Eddie C. M. Hui
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Super Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
Dea Models ◽  
Output Factors

This study measures performance and efficiency of the Listed Real Estate Companies (LRECs). Three types of Data envelopment analysis (DEA) approaches are employed, which are CCR-DEA, BCC-DEA and Super-Efficiency-DEA models. Based on these DEA approaches, we conduct an empirical analysis on the 94 LRECs in China stock markets according to the 2009 Annual Financial Statements. Registered Capital, Asset Value, Employee Number, and Operation Cost are adopted as the inputs factors, while the output factors are denoted by Revenue and Profit. In general, this empirical research delivers four outcomes: firstly, an integrated assessment system and a ranking of the LRECs are established, which provides useful information for investors who are seeking for indirect exposure in the Chinese real estate market. Secondly, the average Overall Efficiency (OE), Pure Technical Efficiency (PTE) and Scale Efficiency (SE) of the LRECs are 0.78, 0.84 and 0.92 respectively. Thirdly, 69% of the inefficient LRECs are classified as increasing returns to scale and could further increase operating efficiency by scale expansion. Fourthly, the employees slack is prevalent at 18.96% for the inefficient LRECs. Santrauka Straipsnyje įvertinamas nekilnojamojo turto kompanijų, kurių vertybiniai popieriai įtraukti į biržos sąrašus (angl. LRECs), veiklos efektyvumas ir rezultatyvumas. Tam taikomi trys duomenų apgaubties analizės (angl. DEA) metodai, o būtent CCR-DEA, BCC-DEA ir Super-Efficiency-DEA metodai. Pritaikius šiuos duomenų apgaubties analizės metodus ir remiantis 2009 m. metinių finansinių ataskaitų duomenimis, buvo atlikta Kinijos akcijų rinkos 94-ių nekilnojamojo turto kompanijų, kurių vertybiniai popieriai įtraukti į biržos sąrašus, empirinė analizė. Įstatinis kapitalas, nominali aktyvų vertė, darbuotojų skaičius ir eksploatacinės išlaidos laikomi įeigos veiksniais, o išeigos veiksniais imamos pajamos ir pelnas. Šiuo empiriniu tyrimu galima pasiekti keturių rezultatų: pirmiausia, sudaryta integruoto vertinimo sistema ir nustatomi nekilnojamojo turto kompanijų, kurių vertybiniai popieriai įtraukti į biržos sąrašus, reitingai. Reitingų teikiama informacija naudinga investuotojams, siekiantiems netiesioginio dalyvavimo Kinijos nekilnojamojo turto rinkoje. antra, nekilnojamojo turto kompanijų, kurių vertybiniai popieriai įtraukti į biržos sąrašus, vidutiniai dydžiai: bendras efektyvumas (angl. OE), grynasis techninis efektyvumas (angl. PTE) ir masto efektyvumas (angl. SE), atitinkamai sudaro 0,78, 0,84 ir 0,92. Trečia, 69 proc. neefektyvių nekilnojamojo turto kompanijų, kurių vertybiniai popieriai įtraukti į biržos sąrašus, priskirtos prie augančio pelno kompanijų, kurios gali kelti veiklos efektyvumą plėsdamos savo veiklą. Ketvirta, 18,96 proc. neefektyvių nekilnojamojo turto kompanių, kurių vertybiniai popieriai įtraukti į biržos sąrašus, būdinga darbuotojų neveiksnumas.

Forecasting Advertisement Effectiveness: Neuroscience and Data Envelopment Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 183933492110050
Author(s):  
Nicolas Hamelin ◽  
Sameh Al-Shihabi ◽  
Sara Quach ◽  
Park Thaichon
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Real Estate Company

This research used a novel method in which biometric data and data envelopment analysis (DEA) (a statistical tool generally used for multi-criteria decision making) were used to assess advertising effectiveness. Facial detection and eye-tracking analyses were used to measure participants’ reactions to 14 real estate advertisements. Each of the 14 advertisements had been suggested to a real estate company by a creative advertisement company for a real upcoming advertising campaign in Modern Living for Males and Females. A total of 20 females and males, each of whom wanted to purchase a property, participated in this study. The real estate company was not sure which advertisement to select or which advertisement would be more effective in relation to the male and female target markets. The eye-tracking analysis provided useful information in relation to advertisement design efficiency and cue saliency, which can also affect participants’ emotional responses. DEA was employed to process attention, engagement, and joy provoked by the advertisements. The advertising materials were then benchmarked for each gender using the R studio and R Core Team and a robust DEA for the R (rDEA) package. Furthermore, we used an output-oriented model and variable returns-to-scale to identify the advertisement which maximized the positive emotional responses of each gender, revealing significant differences between males and females in relation to ad effectiveness.

Real Estate Fraud

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate

Overcoming stereotypes in leasing

2017 ◽  
pp. 136-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gazman
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Variable Character ◽  
New Perspective

If we want securitization to become one of the main channels to attract funding in leasing activity, as the Bank of Russia predicts, one needs to revise some stereotypes. Relying on foreign and domestic research, the author gives a critical assessment of the postulate of the need for uniformity of securitized assets; proves that real estate, contrary to the traditional approach, rather than equipment and transport, prevails in securitization transactions, and explains why this happens. The article presents a new perspective on the behavior of issu- ers concerning the timing of securities circulation; considers feasibility approach to the calculation of variable character of leverage in leasing; explains pro and contra of evaluating the leasing market based on the volume of the portfolio of contracts; reveals the validity of ratings of bonds issued in the course of secu- ritization of leasing assets.

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