Freedom of Contract: Mandatory and Non-Mandatory Rules in European Contract Law

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias E Storme
Keyword(s):  
Contract Law ◽  
European Contract ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
European Contract Law

Part III Harmonization of General Contract Law, 16 Restatements of Contract Law

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Contract Law ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
European Contract ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Substantive Content ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Specific Performance ◽  
General Contract Law ◽  
European Contract Law

This chapter examines non-binding restatements of contract law, in particular the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts and the Principles of European Contract Law. It considers the nature, purposes, scope, sphere of application, and substantive content of these Principles (including freedom of contract, pacta sunt servanda, good faith, interpretation, adequate assurance of performance, specific performance, and other remedies and hardship and change of circumstances). The chapter considers the extent to which these Principles can be used in litigation and in arbitration and their relative advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals Freedom of Contract: Comparison Between Provisions of the CISG (Article 6) and Counterpart Provisions of the PECL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich G. Schroeter
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Commercial Law ◽  
European Contract ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
International Sale Of Goods ◽  
European Contract Law ◽  
Court Practice

6 Vindobona Journal of International Commercial Law and Arbitration (2002), pp. 257-266The parties' freedom of contract ranks as one of the most important general principles embodied in the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods of 11 April 1980 (CISG) as well as in a number of other sets of rules pertaining to international commercial law. The present paper analyzes if and how the Principles of European Contract Law (PECL) may be used in order to interpret Article 6 CISG (the provision in the Sales Convention that deals with the freedom of contract) and discusses some pertinent problems that have arisen in court practice in this area.

scholarly journals Problem odpowiedzialności za nienależyte wykonanie obowiązku informacyjnego

2017 ◽  
pp. 93-122
Author(s):  
Magdalena Dziedzic
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Level ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Contract ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Consumer Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal Consequences ◽  
Obligatory Information ◽  
European Contract Law

In European contract law and consumer law the nature of protection through information is based on imposing on business an obligation to make a declaration of knowledge to a consumer, which should enable them to make a rational decision. The implementation of efficient regulations regarding the liability for the improper fulfillment of information duties aims to maintain the level of trust between contracting parties on optimal level, and, as a result, to lead to balancing of their position respecting the freedom of contract principle. Polish model of consumer protection through information, in particular in the area of the liability for the improper fulfillment of information duties by business requires a lot of changes. In national law it is specially problematic, the lack of definition of general, legal consequences of failure to provide obligatory information, providing it in an incomplete, unclear way, but without the intention to mislead the other party.

Development of European Contract Law

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hein Kötz
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Private Law ◽  
European Contract ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
European Code ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
European Contract Law

This chapter examines the historical, economic, and political reasons which have led to the idea of ‘Europeanising’ private law, academic literature, and legal teaching in European countries in pursuit of the eventual creation of European private law. After discussing the functions of comparative law and the different ways in which it could contribute towards setting up a unified European private law, the chapter considers the link between economic order and contract law as well as the adoption of the principle of freedom of contract by all European legal orders. It also discusses the pros and cons of a ‘European Code of Contract Law’ that would harmonise or unify not only the rules on consumer protection but also the non-mandatory ‘dispositive’ contract law.

scholarly journals Incidencia de las normas imperativas en los contratos internacionales: especial referencia a las normas de terceros estados desde una aproximación europea = Overriding mandatory provisions in international contracts: a special reference to foreign overriding mandatory provisions from a European approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Clara Isabel Cordero Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Contract Law ◽  
European Contract ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
European Approach ◽  
European Court ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Rome Convention ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
Rome I ◽  
European Contract Law

Resumen: Este trabajo analiza algunas cuestiones que plantea la aplicación de las leyes de policía en el ámbito del Derecho contractual de la UE. Por cuanto se refiere a las normas de este tipo de terceros Estados su aplicación resulta significativamente más compleja, en especial si analizamos su tratamiento en el Reglamento Roma I, mucho más restrictivo que su predecesor el Convenio de Roma de 1980. En este contexto la reciente sentencia del Tribunal de Justicia (Nikiforidis) resulta muy relevante, ya que abre la posibilidad a los Estados miembros para tomar en consideración normas de policía de terceros Estados como elemento fáctico en el marco de la lex contractus, sin sujetarla a las restricciones y condicionantes previstos en el art. 9.3.Palabras clave: leyes de policía, normas imperativas, Derecho contractual europeo, Reglamento Roma I, sentencia Nikiforidis.Abstract: This paper addresses some of the issues raised by the application of overriding mandatory provisions, from a European approach. With regard to foreign overriding mandatory provisions, their application is significantly more complex. This approach appears in European Contract Law, particularly regarding the treatment of this issue in the Rome I Regulation, which is much more restrictive than the Rome Convention of 1980. In this context, the recent case law of European Court of Justice (Nikiforidis case) is very significant. Since the judgment gives Member States the possibility to take into account foreign overriding mandatory provisions, as a factual element within the framework of the applicable law to the contract, outside the scope of article 9.3 of the Rome I Regulation.Keywords: overriding mandatory provisions, mandatory rules, European Contract Law, Rome I Regulation, Nikiforidis case.

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