Cluster Development Models: Challenges and Opportunities

Recent decades highlight an extraordinary growth of casino gambling all over the world. In the race to build casino-cities, particularly to reap economic and social benefits, most aspirers look to replicate the development models of the most famous casino-cities known to date, Las Vegas and Macao. Countries that have modelled after the aforementioned casino-cities have had mix results of success; e.g., Singapore, which followed Macao, yielded considerable success, while other states of the US which modelled Las Vegas, such as Atlantic City, did not have as much luck. In this respect, the countries adhere to the words of the wise; “Standing on the shoulders of the giants”. Yet, perhaps explaining why no country can really replicate the successful development experiences of Las Vegas and Macao, most countries fail to see beyond the glitz and glamor to recognize the key challenges and opportunities that helped make Las Vegas and Macao; e.g., with respect to the presence of domestic organized crime groups. This paper delves deep into identifying the key actors and circumstances that made the aforementioned cities what they are today, elucidating the integral development strategies used during their formative years. Utilizing a Marxian approach to understanding the state and state-civil society relations, the paper elucidates why no country can really replicate the development models of Las Vegas and Macao without appreciating its socio-political characteristics and the intricate ties between the upperworld and underworld during their formative years. In light of the findings, recommendations are provided for future research and pragmatic endeavours.

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US Worker Co-operatives

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199684977.013.37 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Mark J. Kaswan

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

National Policy ◽

The United States ◽

Community Economic Development ◽

General Picture ◽

Development Models ◽

Us Economy ◽

The Us ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Growth And Change

The United States has a long and proud tradition of co-operative labour arrangements. Today, worker co-operatives in the US encompass great diversity, not only in the type and size of enterprise, but also in their objectives and ideological commitments. This, in addition to the fact that the US lacks a consistent national policy as regards co-operatives, makes it challenging for researchers to provide more than a general picture of the sector in the United States. It is, however, clear that, although co-operatives are present in many different sectors, worker co-operatives today make up a very small portion of the US economy. This chapter discusses the historical development and current extent of US worker co-operatives, and the challenges and opportunities for growth and change they face. It also considers the character of the sector in terms of different development models, its role in community/economic development, and its orientation towards democratic social change.

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Continuous hydrogenolysis of acetal-stabilized lignin in flow

Green Chemistry ◽

10.1039/d0gc02928a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wu Lan ◽

Yuan Peng Du ◽

Songlan Sun ◽

Jean Behaghel de Bueren ◽

Florent Héroguel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Challenges And Opportunities

We performed a steady state high-yielding depolymerization of soluble acetal-stabilized lignin in flow, which offered a window into challenges and opportunities that will be faced when continuously processing this feedstock.

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