scholarly journals Why are There so Few Women in Executive Positions? An Analysis of Gender Differences in the Life-Cycle of Executive Employment

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Frederiksen ◽  
Timothy Halliday
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Women In Executive Positions ◽  
Executive Positions

Gender Differences in Poverty and Household Composition through the Life-cycle: A Global Perspective

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Munoz Boudet ◽  
Paola Buitrago ◽  
Benedicte Leroy De La Briere ◽  
David Newhouse ◽  
Eliana Rubiano Matulevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Global Perspective

scholarly journals Pán Péterek? - avagy létezik-e kapunyítási pánik a szakképzésből kikerülő fiataloknál - egy vizsgálat utóélete

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kricsfalusi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Identity Status ◽  
Peter Pan ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Avoidance Strategy ◽  
Key Questions

A tanulmány a Pán Péter Szindrómát, valamint a Kapunyitási Pánikot, az utóbbi évtized közkedvelt kifejezéseit és jelenségeit vizsgálja a felnőttkorba lépő, szakképzésből kikerülő fiatalok körében. Központi kérdései: Miért alakulhatott ki? Miért most? Létezik e valóban, vagy csak az elkerülési stratégiák egyik válfajáról van szó? Milyen jelenségek együttese okozza a kialakulását? Vannak- e életkori sajátosságok, amik hajlamosító tényezőkké válhatnak? Vannak-e nemi különbségek a jelenség megjelenésénél? A kérdések megválaszolásával próbálom igazolni, hogy Pán Péter szindróma helyett inkább egy speciális, életciklus váltás okozta krízis állapotról beszélhetünk. Kulcsszavak: Pán Péter szindróma, kapunyitási pánik, krízisállapot, quaterlife crisis, fiatalok, posztadoleszcencia, emerging adulthood, korszakváltás, identitás státusz, szorongás, elkerülési stratégia, depresszió Diszciplina: pszichológia, szociológia, neveléstudomány The study examines the Peter Pan Syndrome and the Quarterlife Crisis, two well-known phenomena which occur among young adults finishing their vocational training.The key questions are: Why do they happen? Why at this time? Do they really exist or are they just some types of avoidance strategies? What circumstances cause their emergence? Are there any age-related factors that may predispose their occurrence? Are there any gender differences in their appearance?Answering these questions I have come to the conclusion that instead of the Peter Pan Syndrome what we face is rather a special state of crisis caused by the life cycle transition. Keywords: Peter Pan Syndrome, quaterlife crisis, crisis status, young adults, post-adolescent, emerging adulthood, identity status, anxiety, avoidance strategy, depressionDisciplines: psychology, sociology, pedagogy

Gender Differences in Suicide Rates of Municipalities in South Korea

Crisis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Hyoung Jeong ◽  
Seungjong Cho
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Latent Profile

Abstract. Background: South Korea showed the highest suicide rate among the countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Aims: This study aimed to discern the profiles of municipalities according to their suicide rates across the life cycle and gender, and then to identify the unique characteristics of each latent group. Method: This study applied a latent profile modeling to categorize the regions by life cycle suicide rates of their residents. The latent profile analysis (LPA) yielded four latent groups for males and three groups for females. This study explored the unique characteristics of 250 municipalities by latent groups with these groups. Results: The results suggested significant gender differences in the characteristics of localities. For the high adolescent suicide rates groups, there was a higher proportion of urban areas among males while there was a higher proportion of rural regions among females. Limitations: This study analyzed secondary data of municipalities, so the characteristics of each profile of suicide rate could only be identified within this existing data. Conclusions: This paper is one of the first studies to apply the LPA to different latent profiles by life cycle suicide rates.

scholarly journals Life Cycle and Suicidal Behavior among Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Mendez-Bustos ◽  
Jorge Lopez-Castroman ◽  
Enrique Baca-García ◽  
Antonio Ceverino
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Narrative Description

It is nowadays accepted that, independently of methodological issues, women commit fewer suicides than men but make more frequent attempts. Yet, female suicidal risk varies greatly along the lifetime and is linked to the most significant moments in it. A wide analysis of the existing literature was performed to provide a narrative description on the evolution of female suicidal rates from childhood to old age, considering the milestones in their life history. A detailed analysis of gender differences in suicidal behavior is key to establish preventive measures and priorities. More specific studies are needed to adapt future interventions on female suicide.

Gender Differences and Dynamics Shaping the Adoption Life Cycle: Review of the Literature and Recommendations.

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Freeark ◽  
Elinor B. Rosenberg ◽  
Jane Bornstein ◽  
Debra Jozefowicz-Simbeni ◽  
Michael Linkevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Review Of The Literature

Sex and Gender

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turk Rhen ◽  
David Crews
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Evolution Of Sex ◽  
Central Process ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
The Relationship

In this chapter, sex will refer to the central process of meiosis and syngamy in eukaryotic organisms. Although some form of sexuality characterizes the life cycle of many eukaryotic organisms (i.e., virtually all fungi, plants, and animals), not all eukaryotes are sexual (e.g., many protists) (Margulis 1970, 1996; Bell 1982). Certain asexual protists, for example, only undergo mitosis and never alternate between haploid and diploid stages by way of meiosis and syngamy. Consequently, one of the most fundamental questions in biology is: Why do certain organisms go through meiosis and syngamy while others do not? Despite the apparent simplicity of this query, evolutionary biologists have not provided an entirely satisfactory explanation for the evolution of sex. Much of the difficulty arises because there appears to be no single answer. Moreover, sex is often confused with other associated phenomenon. For instance, one completely subordinate, but intimately related, occurrence is the evolution of gender in organisms that go through meiosis and syngamy. In his essay on the evolution of sex, Ghiselin (1988) aptly wrote, “Gender means the differentiation into males, females, and such alternatives as hermaphrodites. It also includes the differences between sperm and eggs. Such differences are important because they create the circumstances that make sex a puzzle” (p. 9). Yet he dismisses this subject in the next sentence: “Otherwise we are not much concerned about gender either.” Here we clarify the relationship between the evolution of sex and the evolution of gender. This is a critical concept to comprehend because gender differences are nearly universal in sexual organisms. We also discuss some of the major hypotheses proposed to explain why sex exists and recent empirical work that sheds light on the factors that may favor meiosis and syngamy, regardless of gender differences. In the remainder of the chapter, we present a more thorough analysis of the evolution of gender, including a discussion of what the fundamental gender difference is and why there are so many different mechanisms that produce more derived gender differences.

“THUS WE LIVE, FOREVER TAKING LEAVE”: THE LAUNCHING STAGE IN THE ISRAELI FAMILY

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Lomranz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developmental Theory ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Family Life Cycle ◽  
Family Theory ◽  
Major Transition

This study conceptualized family launching processes and investigated the reactions of Israeli parents to the conscription of their eldest son into the army, an event normatively initiating launching in the Israeli family. On the basis of family life cycle and adult developmental theory, parents' reactions were conceptualized in terms of two major launching-related tendencies: Holding, and Releasing. A specially constructed Holding/Releasing Questionnaire (HRQ), was administered to 160 couples whose eldest son had been serving in the army for 20 months or less. Results showed no correlation between Holding and Releasing, suggesting two independent and complementary forces in the launching process. Releasing was generally adopted more strongly than Holding, mothers being higher on Holding than fathers. Both, Holding and Releasing correlated negatively with education, and Holding also correlated negatively with personal well-being. The relationships between the HRQ and country of origin, attitudes and relevant past experience, revealed certain gender differences. Findings are discussed in light of launching processes, family theory and developmental interpretations of this major transition in the adult and family life cycle, with reference to the specific cultural context as well as to more general implications.

Ultrastructural analysis of “Sensory” surface nerve endings and “putative” neurotransmitter sites in Schistosoma mansoni Miracidia

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 962-963
Author(s):  
Betty Ruth Jones ◽  
Steve Chi-Tang Pan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Snail Host ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Basic Biology

INTRODUCTION: Schistosomiasis has been described as “one of the most devastating diseases of mankind, second only to malaria in its deleterious effects on the social and economic development of populations in many warm areas of the world.” The disease is worldwide and is probably spreading faster and becoming more intense than the overall research efforts designed to provide the basis for countering it. Moreover, there are indications that the development of water resources and the demands for increasing cultivation and food in developing countries may prevent adequate control of the disease and thus the number of infections are increasing.Our knowledge of the basic biology of the parasites causing the disease is far from adequate. Such knowledge is essential if we are to develop a rational approach to the effective control of human schistosomiasis. The miracidium is the first infective stage in the complex life cycle of schistosomes. The future of the entire life cycle depends on the capacity and ability of this organism to locate and enter a suitable snail host for further development, Little is known about the nervous system of the miracidium of Schistosoma mansoni and of other trematodes. Studies indicate that miracidia contain a well developed and complex nervous system that may aid the larvae in locating and entering a susceptible snail host (Wilson, 1970; Brooker, 1972; Chernin, 1974; Pan, 1980; Mehlhorn, 1988; and Jones, 1987-1988).

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