scholarly journals The Supply and Demand of Skilled Workers in Cities and the Role of Industry Composition

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Brinkman
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Skilled Workers

scholarly journals The evolution of inter-regional spatial mismatch in the USA: The role of skills and spatial structure

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 2654-2669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Theys ◽  
Nick Deschacht ◽  
Stef Adriaenssens ◽  
Dieter Verhaest
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Spatial Mismatch ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Local Labour Markets ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
The Usa

The literature on spatial mismatch often focuses on a mismatch within cities or local labour markets. This paper looks at the spatial mismatch between local labour markets. Using US data, we study the evolution of inter-regional mismatch between 1980 and 2010 and how this evolution varies across skill levels. Since we expect the spatial structure of supply and demand in the labour market to play a central role at this geographical level, we develop an extension of the spatial mismatch index, as the standard version does not take this spatial structure into account. Our results indicate that spatial mismatch has been increasing over the past decades, an increase that is largely attributable to spatial structure effects. The inter-regional spatial mismatch mainly affects low-skilled jobs and workers: our findings suggest that the degree of the spatial mismatch for low-skilled, relative to high-skilled workers, increased from a ratio of two in 1980 to almost four in 2010.

The Role of Immigrants in Solving the Problem of the Shortage of Skilled Labor in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
N. Krutova-Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Current Problem ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Business World ◽  
State Security ◽  
Activity Component ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants

The article is devoted to the current problem of the shortage of qualified labor in the Federal Republic of Germany and the question of whether the country's economy is acquiring potential specialists for the labor market from among immigrants. The author emphasizes that without successful integration of immigrants, it is impossible not only to acquire human capital for the country's economy, but also there is a real threat to state security in Germany. The article examines what qualities or system of qualities immigrants should acquire in order to increase the level of professional activity component of their ability to integrate into the host country's society, specifies the goals of pedagogical communication in this process and the importance of the adoption of the Skilled Workers Immigration Act (Fachkräfteeinwanderungsgesetz). The author comes to the conclusion that the professional and activity component formed by the immigrant demonstrates its full integration into the business world and multicultural society of Germany.

Algorithmic Trading and the Market for Liquidity

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence Hendershott ◽  
Ryan Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Market Liquidity ◽  
Algorithmic Trading ◽  
Limit Order ◽  
Market Order

AbstractWe examine the role of algorithmic traders (ATs) in liquidity supply and demand in the 30 Deutscher Aktien Index stocks on the Deutsche Boerse in Jan. 2008. ATs represent 52% of market order volume and 64% of nonmarketable limit order volume. ATs more actively monitor market liquidity than human traders. ATs consume liquidity when it is cheap (i.e., when the bid-ask quotes are narrow) and supply liquidity when it is expensive. When spreads are narrow ATs are less likely to submit new orders, less likely to cancel their orders, and more likely to initiate trades. ATs react more quickly to events and even more so when spreads are wide.

scholarly journals Israel and Migration of High Skilled Workforce: Brain Drain and the Possibility of Replenishing the Market with High-Quality Human Capital

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-215
Author(s):  
D. A. Maryasis
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Highly Skilled

International labor migration is one of the most important elements of the modern global economy. Amid growing knowledge economy, migration of highly skilled specialists plays an increasingly important role. For Israel, as an immigrant society, migration issues have been of paramount importance since the early days of the independent state. However, in the first decades the discussion focused mainly around the influence of immigrants on the economic development of the country and identification of the most effective ways to adapt immigrants. At present, the Israeli economic model is built in such a way that the institutions of the knowledge economy are at its core, that requires a significant amount of labor with an appropriate level of skills. At the same time, today Israel witnesses emigration of such specialists, mainly to the United States. This paper is devoted to the analysis of the current situation. The article substantiates the relevance of the chosen topic not only for Israel, but also for other economically developed countries and gives a brief bibliographic review in the field. Next, the author analyzes the tendencies of high skilled work force immigration to Israel at the present stage through the analysis of the supply and demand in the country's labor market in the high-tech sector and assessment of the government programs created to attract foreign non-Jewish specialists to the country which appear to be not effective. The article also deals with the problems of emigration of high skilled workers from Israel. An overview of the magnitude of the phenomenon is given based on international comparisons; main reasons of the trend are identified and analyzed; government programs for the return of compatriots are assessed. It is argued that Israel should pursue a more effective policy to attract highly skilled non-Jewish immigrants into the country, which will fully realize the existing positive externalities and dampen the problem of brain drain.

scholarly journals Analysis of Cutback Management Strategy in Financial Sustainability in the Public Sector in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafiqah Humaira ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Cutback Management ◽  
Directorate General

There are many literature reviews that write about the causes and expected consequences of an environmental, social, and economic crisis. It should be remembered that the role of the public sector is critical to overcoming crises, to promoting sustainable development and to managing the balance between supply and demand for public services. This qualitative research takes a case study approach to public agencies under the Ministry of Finance, namely the Directorate General of Customs and Excise. This study aims to explain financial sustainability in public bodies during the COVID-19 pandemic, and explain cutback management strategies indicated through refocusing carried out by government agencies during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as explain the relationship between cutback management and financial sustainability which is significantly directly related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the analysis show that there are differences in the financial sustainability of Customs and Excise during the pandemic, namely in terms of state revenues, it certainly changes (decreases) in terms of tax revenues, import duties, and excise. Then identified indicators of cutback strategies at Customs and Excise, and there is a conceptual link between financial sustainability, the COVID-19 pandemic and cutback management strategies.

scholarly journals TULA ARMS FACTORY WORKERS TECHNICAL TRAINING ON A PART-TIME BASIS IN THE 1920S

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Mariya B. Krapiventseva
Keyword(s):  
Technical Training ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Advanced Training ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
New Employees ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Time Basis ◽  
Education Network ◽  
Vocational Courses

The article, using the historical experience of Tula Arms Factory as an example, examines the problem of training workers on the job in the 1920s, insuffi ciently covered in historical science. Based on a review of a signifi cant amount of archival sources, a detailed description of various forms of technical training at the enterprise is given, supported by statistical data. The dependence of the activities of the plant management on training workers on specifi c production needs is noted. The author also pays attention to the problems of material, technical, personnel and organisational order, which reduced the quality of training. It was noted that due to staff turnover in the fi rst years of its existence, technical studies and advanced training were inextricably linked with the training of new employees. As a result, it is concluded that the technical education network at Tula Arms Factory had been successfully established by the end of the specifi ed period, the main channels of which included advanced training circles, vocational courses, individual and brigade apprenticeships. This provision is confi rmed by consideration of the private aspects of the training process, by identifying the role of graduates in the recruitment of the Tula Arms Factory by skilled workers. The materials of this study are intended to supplement the picture of the positive experience of training personnel for the Russian arms factories

Indonesian aquaculture futures: An analysis of fish supply and demand in Indonesia to 2030 and role of aquaculture using the AsiaFish model

Marine Policy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhuong Tran ◽  
U.-Primo Rodriguez ◽  
Chin Yee Chan ◽  
Michael John Phillips ◽  
Chadag Vishnumurthy Mohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand

Meritocracy and its Enemies: Is There an Alternative to the “Tyranny of the Merit”?

2021 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Davydov
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Technical Competencies ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Ideal

The article examines  the idea of meritocracy, now increasingly criticized. It is shown that the relevance of the discourse on meritocracy is due to the objectively increased role of education and various creative and technical talents in the context of rapid technological development. At the same time, critics rightly point out that meritocracy today has become largely a myth that plutocrats turn to justify their privileges, status and wealth. The very idea of a meritocracy that focuses exclusively on the technical competencies and abilities demanded by the neoliberal economy is also criticized. Many authors talk about the need to fairly reward and respect low-skilled workers, who often (especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic) bring more public benefit than highly educated financiers or bankers. Nevertheless, the article shows that this criticism is a hidden apology for meritocracy. In this case, critics justify deeper inequalities associated with long-term prospects and self-realization. It leads to cementing the “secondary” status of workers of the “hand” and “heart”, whose fate in the context of automation and the development of artificial intelligence technologies may turn out to be unenviable. In the author's opinion, the only alternative to this state of affairs is the rejection of meritocracy as a normative concept. It should be recognized as an inevitable evil associated with the imperfection of social institutions and, in part, human nature. Accordingly, the author contrasts the meritocratic pursuit of status and power with the ideal of universal striving for the maximum possible and, what is remarkable, all-round development and practical application of the talents of all without exception.

Niezależność Narodowego Banku Polskiego a relacje z Parlamentem RP

2021 ◽  
Vol 4(165) ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Rafał Sura
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Major Significance ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Polish Government

The position of the NBP at the time of the common market and progressive Europeanisation of the economy and all areas of community life was particularly important. Currently, in the time of the global crisis caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, encompassing both the supply and demand side of the world economy, the role of the central bank is increasing. Without its involvement, there would be no effective protective measures, aimed at mitigating the decline in GDP growth in Poland and protecting jobs. The central bank, together with the Polish Government and Parliament, is of key importance for Poland’s economic development, while the independence of the NBP is of major significance for its credibility in financial markets. That is why it is so important to try to answer the questions what the independence of the NBP is and whether constitutional and statutory regulations of the relations between the Parliament of the Republic of Poland and the central bank do not breach this independence.

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