scholarly journals Trends in the Intergenerational Transmission of Education Among Black South Africans

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prudence Magejo ◽  
Miracle Ntuli ◽  
Tendai Gwatidzo
Keyword(s):  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Black South Africans ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission Of Education

Suicidal Behavior in Black South Africans

Crisis ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourens Schlebusch ◽  
Naseema B.M. Vawda ◽  
Brenda A. Bosch
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
South African Society ◽  
South Africans ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Black South Africans ◽  
To Come

Summary: In the past suicidal behavior among Black South Africans has been largely underresearched. Earlier studies among the other main ethnic groups in the country showed suicidal behavior in those groups to be a serious problem. This article briefly reviews some of the more recent research on suicidal behavior in Black South Africans. The results indicate an apparent increase in suicidal behavior in this group. Several explanations are offered for the change in suicidal behavior in the reported clinical populations. This includes past difficulties for all South Africans to access health care facilities in the Apartheid (legal racial separation) era, and present difficulties of post-Apartheid transformation the South African society is undergoing, as the people struggle to come to terms with the deleterious effects of the former South African racial policies, related socio-cultural, socio-economic, and other pressures.

Associations of glycated albumin and fructosamine with glycaemic status in urban black South Africans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasheeta Peer ◽  
Jaya George ◽  
Carl Lombard ◽  
Naomi Levitt ◽  
Andre-Pascal Kengne
Keyword(s):  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Black South Africans

scholarly journals SAT0585 GEO-EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AUTOANTIBODIES IN RA: DIFFERENT PREVALENCES IN FOUR ETHNICALLY DIVERSE RA POPULATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1251.1-1252
Author(s):  
E. C. De Moel ◽  
V. Derksen ◽  
L. A. Trouw ◽  
C. Terao ◽  
M. Tikly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Research Support ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Autoantibody Response ◽  
Black South Africans ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
First Nations People ◽  
Citrullinated Protein

Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been described in virtually every ethnic population. Most RA patients harbor anti-modified protein antibodies (AMPAs), including anti-citrullinated protein (ACPA), anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP), anti-malondialdehyde acetaldehyde (anti-MAA), and anti-acetylated protein antibodies (AAPA). However, it is unclear whether differences exist in the AMPA response between different ethnic groups. Such differences could provide new clues to genetic and environmental factors contributing to autoantibody development.Objectives:To investigate the prevalence of different AMPA in four ethnically diverse RA populations, and their association with smoking.Methods:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure anti-CarP IgG, anti-MAA IgG (both in-house), and anti-acetylated vimentin IgG (Orgentec) in ACPA-positive sera of Dutch (NL, n=103), Japanese (JP, n=174), Canadian First Nations People (FN, n=100), and black South Africans (SA, n=67) fulfilling the 1987 ACR classification criteria for RA. Ethnicity-matched local healthy controls were used to calculate cohort-specific cut-offs. Logistic regression was used to identify whether ever-smoking was associated with AMPA seropositivity in each cohort, corrected for age, gender, and disease duration. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the resulting odds ratios (OR).Results:For all three AMPAs, median levels were higher in FN and especially SA than NL and JP patients (Figure 1). The median autoantibody levels in arbitrary units (in % of patients positive) for NL, JP, FN and SA RA patients were: anti-CarP IgG: 1157 (47%), 994 (43%), 1642 (58%) and 2336 (76%) (p<0.001); anti-MAA IgG: 131 (29%), 179 (22%), 251 (29%) and 257 (53%) (p<0.001); AAPA: 133 (20%), 136 (17%), 153 (38%) and 316 (28%) (p<0.001). Prevalence, meaning positivity, also differed significantly between cohorts for all AMPAs (p<0.001).There were also marked differences in total IgG levels in mean (SD) g/L: 13 (4) for NL, 17 (6) for JP, 18 (6) for FN, and 25 (8) for SA (p<0.001). When the autoantibody levels were normalized to total IgG, the differences in became less pronounced between cohorts (Figure 2). The median arbitrary units per g/L Total IgG for NL, JP, FN and SA RA patients were: anti-CarP IgG: 54, 25, 53, and 79; anti-MAA IgG: 6, 5, 8, and 9; and AAPA: 2, 2, 2, and 3, suggesting that autoantibody level differences may partly correspond to cohort-specific differences in total IgG, although the overall trend of higher levels in SA persisted. There was no association between smoking and anti-CarP or anti-MAA positivity, with pooled OR (95% CI) of 1.31 (0.79-2.18) and 0.85 (0.46-1.56), respectively. However, smoking was positively and consistently associated with AAPA positivity in each cohort: pooled OR (95% CI) of 2.01 (1.06-3.81).Conclusion:In these ACPA-positive ethnically diverse RA populations, levels and prevalence of various AMPAs differ, suggesting that ethnic background and environment may influence the development of the autoantibody response in RA. Despite these differences, our results imply smoking as a consistent risk factor for AAPA across different ethnic backgrounds.Disclosure of Interests:Emma C. de Moel: None declared, Veerle Derksen: None declared, Leendert A Trouw: None declared, Chikashi Terao: None declared, Mohammed Tikly: None declared, Hani El-Gabalawy: None declared, Holger Bang Grant/research support from: Employee of Orgentec Diagnostika, Thomas Huizinga Grant/research support from: Ablynx, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche, Sanofi, Consultant of: Ablynx, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche, Sanofi, Rene Toes: None declared, Diane van der Woude: None declared

scholarly journals Indigenous healers and stuttering

1993 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozanne Platzky ◽  
Joan Girson
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Traditional Beliefs ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Black South Africans ◽  
Speech Pathologists ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Traditional beliefs and attitudes of Black South Africans to stuttering were investigated. Four Indigenous Healers (IHs) from different ethnic groups were interviewed about their beliefs as to cause and management of stuttering, as well as the outcome of their treatment. The data reveals varying degrees of concern about stuttering. The traditional beliefs of cause and management of stuttering show some similarities to current beliefs held by speech pathologists. Implications in terms of the direction in therapy, cooperation with IHs and future research in this field are discussed.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Genomics and Antiretroviral Therapy-Associated Metabolic Complications in HIV-Infected Black South Africans: A Pilot Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1031-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phumla Z. Sinxadi ◽  
Joel A. Dave ◽  
David C. Samuels ◽  
Jeannine M. Heckmann ◽  
Gary Maartens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomics ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Black South Africans

Socio-Economic Family Background and Adult Children’s Health in Germany: The Role of Intergenerational Transmission of Education

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Arránz Becker ◽  
Katharina Loter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission Of Education

Abstract This study examines consequences of parental education for adult children’s physical and mental health using panel data from the German Socio-Economic Panel study. Based on random-effects growth curve models (N = 15,144 West German respondents born between 1925 and 1998 aged 18–80), we estimate gender-, age-, and cohort-specific trajectories of physical and mental health components of the SF-12 questionnaire for low and high parental education measured biennially from 2002 to 2018. Findings suggest more persistent effects of parental education on physical than mental health. In particular, both daughters and sons of the lower educated group of parents (with neither parent qualified for university) exhibit markedly poorer physical health over the whole life course and worse mental health in mid-life and later life than those of higher educated parents. Thus, children’s health gradients conditional on parental education tend to widen with increasing age. Once children’s educational attainment is held constant, effects of parental education on children’s health mostly vanish. This suggests that in the strongly stratified West German context with its rather low social mobility, intergenerational transmission of education, which, according to our analyses, has been declining among younger cohorts, contributes to cementing long-term health inequalities across the life course.

Differences in N-acetylation genotypes between Caucasians and Black South Africans: implications for cancer prevention

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Loktionov ◽  
William Moore ◽  
Steven P. Spencer ◽  
Hester Vorster ◽  
Theo Nell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Black South Africans
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