International Tax Law and New Challenges by Constitutional and Legal Pluralism: Competing Constitutional Concepts Relevant for International Taxation: Prohibition of Tax Subsidies

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecile Brokelind
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-103
Author(s):  
Dirk Broekhuijsen ◽  
Irma Mosquera Valderrama

Abstract Customary international tax law has traditionally not received a lot of acclaim in international tax law literature. However, the infrastructure of international tax law is becoming increasingly multilateral. The recent adoption of the Multilateral Instrument and the creation of the Inclusive Framework, two initiatives related to the OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project, have accelerated the width of cooperation on international tax matters. For that reason, the authors (re)consider the existence of customary international law in the area of international tax law. They conclude that, perhaps contrary to the intuition of tax lawyers, the evidence in favour of customary international tax law is building up. The question whether customary law exists within the area of international taxation is therefore not misplaced.


Author(s):  
S. O. Kushu

International tax law is one of the most important components of international taxation, since it contributes to the establishment of universal principles for the collection of taxes in the globalizing system of world economic relations, and also affects the transparency of the borders between national tax jurisdictions. International legal regulation of taxation is designed to solve numerous disputes between different countries of the world, the conflict of national legal systems in a kind of struggle for the right to impose incomes of subjects of international economic relations. In a broad sense, international tax law is understood as a set of international legal principles and norms governing interstate relations in the tax sphere. At the same time, the national taxation systems and the legal principles of their organization in the current system of world economic relations have fairly stable sovereignty. They remain highly autonomous, despite the continuously increasing impact of factors of the external economic and tax environment.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Carlos María López Espadafor

Abstract: International Tax Law has grown significantly and this has caused a considerable in­crease in the importance of the legislative production affecting it, through both national and internatio­nal rules. Within those rules of international origin, conventions intended to avoid international double taxation stand out, essentially those following the OECD model. Along with this and also within Eu­ropean Union law, there has been a significant structuring of the rules involving international taxation. That said, we can never lose sight -upon the basis of the dogmatic structuring of international taxation- of the General International Law rules affecting it. These may occasionally be overshadowed by the rules of the countless international conventions on the matter, but the former rules cannot cease to be taken as the basis. Therefore, the globalized structuring of international taxation cannot ignore the gene­ral principles upon which it will be based, either as direct sources in matters of international tax law, or as a sub-discipline within tax law proper. Indeed, the national structuring of international tax law cannot be carried out just by taking into consideration the legislative results of globalization, but also by never losing sight of the principles that lead to general international law tax matters. Even though globaliza­tion as a process begins to play a greater role in tax law issues, the country’s national examination of international tax law cannot divert from the general basis of this tax law sub-discipline.Keywords: International taxation, Financial and Tax Law, International Tax Law, General International Law, sources of Law.Resumen: La fiscalidad internacional ha experimentado un gran crecimiento, aumentando con­siderablemente el volumen de producción normativa que le afecta, ya se trate de normas de origen internacional o de normas de origen interno. Dentro de las fuentes de origen internacional que le afec­tan, destacan especialmente los convenios para evitar la doble imposición internacional, esencialmente siguiendo el Modelo de la OCDE. Junto a ello, también dentro de la disciplina jurídica de la Unión Eu­ropea se ha producido un importante desarrollo de las normas que afectan a la fiscalidad internacional. Ahora bien, en la base de la construcción dogmática de la fiscalidad internacional no se deben perder de vista las normas de Derecho Internacional General que le afectan, ensombrecidas a veces por las normas de los numerosísimos convenios internacionales en la materia, pero que éstos no pueden dejar de tomar como base. Así pues, el desarrollo globalizado de la fiscalidad internacional no puede desconocer los principios generales que le deben servir de base, ya sea como fuentes directas en materia de fiscalidad internacional, ya sea como bases esenciales sobre las que conformar la fiscalidad internacional, como subdisciplina dentro de la disciplina tributaria. Incluso el desarrollo a nivel interno de la fiscalidad inter­nacional no se puede hacer sólo tomando en consideración los resultados normativos del fenómeno de la globalización, sino que debe hacerse también sin perder nunca de vista los principios que derivan en materia tributaria del Derecho Internacional General. Aunque el fenómeno globalizador cobre un espe­cial protagonismo en materia tributaria, la contemplación interna de la fiscalidad internacional no puede alejarse de las bases generales de esta subdisciplina tributaria.Palabras clave: Fiscalidad internacional, Derecho Financiero y Tributario, Derecho Internacional Tri­butario, Derecho Internacional General, fuentes del derecho.


2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-769
Author(s):  
Céline Braumann

ABSTRACT Scholars of public international law have not paid attention to international tax law in the past. This article seeks to fill this vacuum and to foster cross-field research by studying customary international law in international tax law. It assesses the value of international tax law’s most prominent feature for the identification of custom: the dense network of almost identical, bilateral double tax treaties. The primacy of source-based taxation for business profits serves as a test case for this purpose. The International Law Commission’s conclusions on the identification of customary international law constitute the theoretical reference point that informs the empirical analysis. Thus, this article simultaneously serves as a treadmill test to appraise whether the International Law Commission’s conclusions actually offer practical guidance. The analysis culminates in the conclusion that tax treaties have only little value for the identification of customary international law. First, tax treaties alone do not entail representative state practice. Second, tax treaties give rise to the pitfalls of the Baxter paradox. Third, the tax treaty network yields no evidence that any state practice originates from opinio juris. Judging by the evidence brought into play so far, states likely display uniform treaty practice in international taxation because they believe it is in their best interest, not due to any legal conviction.


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Shkumbin Asllani

In today’s international taxation most of the developing countries enter into tax treaties which are drafted in line with the OECD MC to eliminate double taxation. Yet, is well-known fact that tax treaties in practice are abused by tax payers, therefore, majority of states have introduce legislation specifically designed to prevent tax avoidance and protect their domestic interests. In legal practice and literature the act of overriding international tax treaties and denying treaty benefits in favour of domestic law provisions threatens main principle of international law and therefore is questionable to what extend the relationship between domestic law and international tax treaty agreements bridges the international norms.


2019 ◽  
pp. 445-456
Author(s):  
César García Novoa

The permanent establishment is an essential concept in International Tax Law. The traditional definition was based on the existence of a fixed place of business. At present, the new economy requires a change in the concept of permanent establishment. The topic of permanent establishment is based today on the so-called sufficient economic presence. The European Union is working on the definition of a permanent digital establishment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-193
Author(s):  
Marcin Jamroży ◽  
Magdalena Janiszewska

Abstract The paper aims to identify the significant tax barriers to foreign direct investment (FDI) in Poland, in particular in the form of a permanent establishment (PE), in the context of new developments in international tax law. Due to the recommendations of the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project, launched by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to prevent international tax avoidance, the understanding of PE has changed, which could lead to changes in business models. The purpose of the research is also to identify the significant tax barriers to economic activity in Poland, in particular in the form of PE, against the international tax law context. The study conducted by the authors relies on the most current tax rulings and judgments of administrative courts issued between 2017 and 2020. It is concluded that not so much the effective tax burdens but the regulatory ambiguity surrounding the tax obligations may contribute to the reduction of Poland's attractiveness as a location for FDI.


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