In the Race Towards High-Speed Mobile Broadband Spectrum Allocation is Not Only a Matter of Auction Revenue

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Beltrrn ◽  
Clara Martinez ◽  
Laura Moreno
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Spectrum Allocation ◽  
Mobile Broadband ◽  
Broadband Spectrum

High Speed Packet Access Broadband Mobile Communications

2009 ◽  
pp. 595-604
Author(s):  
Athanassios C. Iossifides ◽  
Spiros Louvros
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Mobile Wimax ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Mobile Broadband ◽  
History Of ◽  
Broadband Market

Mobile broadband communications systems have already become a fact during the last few years. The evolution of 3G Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems (UMTS) towards HSDPA/HSUPA systems have already posed a forceful solution for mobile broadband and multimedia services in the market, making a major step ahead of the main competitive technology, that is, WiMax systems based on IEEE 802.16 standard. According to the latest analyses (GSM Association, 2007; Little, 2007), while WiMax has gained considerable attention the last few years, HSPA is expected to dominate the mobile broadband market. The main reasons behind this forecast are: • HSPA is already active in a significant number of operators and is going to be established for the majority of mobile broadband networks worldwide over the next five years, while commercial WiMax systems are only making their first steps. • Mobile WiMax is a competitive technology for selection by operators in only a limited number of circumstances where conditions are favourable. Future mobile WiMax systems may potentially achieve higher data transfer rates than HSPA, though cell coverage for these rates is expected to be substantially smaller. In addition, WiMax technology is less capable in terms of voice traffic capacity, thus limiting market size and corresponding revenues. • In order to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages, WiMax commercial launches are expected to introduce a relative CAPEX disadvantage of at least 20–50% comparing to HSPA, in favorable cases, while there are indications of an increase by up to 5–10 times when accounting for rural areas deployments. The short commercial history of HSDPA (based on Rel.5 specifications of 3GPP) started in December of 2005 (first wide scale launch by Cingular Wireless, closely followed by Manx Telecom and Telekom Austria). Bite Lietuva (Lithuania) was the first operator that launched 3.6 Mbps. HSUPA was first demonstrated by Mobilkom Austria in November 2006 and soon launched commercially in Italia by 3 in December 2006. Mobilkom Austria launched the combination of HSDPA at 7.2 Mbps and HSUPA in February 2007. By September of 2007, less than two years after the first commercial launch, 141 operators in 65 countries (24 out of 27 in EU) have already gone commercial with HSDPA with 38 operators among them supporting a 3.6 Mbps downlink. In addition, devices supporting HSDPA/HSUPA services are rapidly enriched. 311 devices from 79 suppliers have already been available by September 2007, including handsets, data cards, USB modems, notebooks, wireless routers, and embedded modules (http://hspa.gsmworld.com).

The future of broadband in Africa

Info ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Stork ◽  
Enrico Calandro ◽  
Ranmalee Gamage
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mobile Broadband ◽  
Urban Elites ◽  
Fixed Line

Purpose – This paper aims to provide an answer as to whether fibre to the home and other types of fixed internet access still have a role to play in Africa beyond a few urban elites, as well as what business models are likely to be successful in the African context. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses data from nationally representative ICT household surveys conducted in 12 African countries in 2012. These data are complemented by an OECD broadband pricing methodology and data. In addition to the OECD basket methodology, own baskets were defined to capture the complexity of African products, and to draw out the different business models for fixed and mobile broadband. Findings – The paper demonstrates that if fixed internet is provided as an uncapped service at an affordable price, it has a chance to at least co-exist with mobile broadband in Africa. The availability of fixed internet is rapidly diminishing where it is offered as a capped service and not at prices similar to mobile broadband. The paper also demonstrates that fixed-line telecommunication companies should to focus on data only before mobile operators do, and they lose out once again. Practical implications – In Africa, mobile voice overtook fixed voice at the turn of the millennium with the introduction of prepaid services. Ten years later, mobile internet is rapidly overtaking fixed internet by overcoming key obstacles to fixed internet access. While the developed world discusses the merits of fixed and mobile broadband, it is clear that for Africa, fixed broadband in the form of fibre to the home, or even plain ADSL, will only reach a few urban elites in the next decade. Fixed-line operators then should rethink their pricing and investment strategies: they are advised to invest in high-speed technologies such as VDSL or fibre to the home, if fixed broadband is to stand a chance against mobile broadband. Whether fixed-line operators will lose the data battle as well will be determined by their business decisions as well as by policy and regulatory interventions. Originality/value – This paper uses primary household and individual data that allows for a better understanding of internet access and use in Africa. The analysis of internet access prices for ADSL against prepaid and post-paid mobile broadband is used to assess broadband business strategies across 12 African countries. The paper provides policymakers and regulators with the evidence required for an informed ICT policy and regulation and it recommends business strategies that should be pursued by operators to improve broadband sector performance.

scholarly journals A High-Speed Demodulation Technology of Fiber Optic Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometric Sensor Based on Coarse Spectrum

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6609
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yuru Chen ◽  
Xiaohua Lei ◽  
Yi Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cavity Length ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Broadband Spectrum ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Interferometric Sensor

A fast real-time demodulation method based on the coarsely sampled spectrum is proposed for transient signals of fiber optic extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometers (EFPI) sensors. The feasibility of phase demodulation using a coarse spectrum is theoretically analyzed. Based on the coarse spectrum, fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm is used to roughly estimate the cavity length. According to the rough estimation, the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) algorithm is applied to calculate the cavity length accurately. The dense wavelength division multiplexer (DWDM) is used to split the broadband spectrum into the coarse spectrum, and the high-speed synchronous ADC collects the spectrum. The experimental results show that the system can achieve a real-time dynamic demodulation speed of 50 kHz, a static measurement root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.184 nm, and a maximum absolute and relative error distribution of 15 nm and 0.005% of the measurement cavity length compared with optical spectrum analyzers (OSA).

scholarly journals Congestion Control Call Admission Control (CC-CAC) Algorithm for Mobile Broadband Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Saidu ◽  
Abubakar Roko ◽  
Nasir Aliyu Shinkafi ◽  
Solomon Yese
Keyword(s):  
Congestion Control ◽  
Admission Control ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Call Admission Control ◽  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Broadband Networks ◽  
Mobile Broadband ◽  
Call Admission

Mobile broadband networks are continuously faced with the challenge of limited resources due to the increasing demand for high speed Internet services. To manage these resources, call admission control (CAC) which determines whether or not a connection request should be accepted or rejected is one of the resource management techniques usually deployed. A Dynamic QoS-aware CAC algorithm was recently proposed to improve resource utilization. However, the algorithm detects congestion of the network only after it has occurred, which leads to increase in blocking probability and thus lead to reduction in throughput. In this paper, a congestion control call admission control (CC-CAC) algorithm is proposed to reduce call blocking and increase throughput of all connection classes. The CC-CAC employs a congestion control mechanism that regulates the base station buffer to operate at a target threshold. It also employs a dynamic bandwidth degradation mechanism to degrade the resources of the admitted connections when resources are not sufficient to admit more connections. The algorithm is evaluated using simulation. The results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the benchmark scheme in terms of decrease in blocking probability and increase in throughput for all connection classes.

Evolution in Broadband Technology and Future of Wireless Broadband

2012 ◽  
pp. 1928-1957
Author(s):  
Banani Nandi ◽  
Ganesh Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Diffusion Behavior ◽  
Mobile Broadband ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
The World ◽  
Wireless Broadband ◽  
Internet Networks

In the last two decades, the availability of worldwide high speed Internet networks together with progressive deployment and adoption of broadband connections to Internet has significantly enhanced the ability to transmit video, audio and voice through the same channel with high performance. In addition to that, since the beginning of this millennium, there has been a rapid growth in diffusion of wireless broadband. In this respect, mobile broadband is gaining popularity lately in both developing as well as developed countries. The main reason for this growth in wireless broadband lies in its ability to serve remote areas at relatively lower cost than landline and its potential to transmit information seamlessly from anywhere in the world. The purpose of this chapter is to examine this changing diffusion behavior of fixed versus mobile broadband technology and highlight the future possible path of adoption for these technologies by users around the world.

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