Comparing Insider Trading in the United States and in the European Union: History and Recent Developments

Should the flavor of a cheese fall under copyright protection? The Court of Justice of the European Union recently confronted this question in Levola Hengelo BV v. Smilde Foods. Although the court ultimately denied protection, its reasoning opened many doors for those seeking intellectual property protection for scents and flavors. The court implied that it was the subjective nature of a cheese flavor that bars it from enjoying the protection copyright affords, which begs the question of what would happen if there were a sufficiently objective way to describe a flavor. Recent developments in technology have led to the digitization of scent and flavor. In the intellectual property space, digitization provides a superior means of fixation for scents and flavors but it also threatens to make reverse engineering much easier. This would take away the protection trade secret law affords to scents and flavors. This will undoubtedly push industry leaders to seek more protection from the law. This Note explores how copyright law in the United States and the European Union might handle this new technology and argues that protection should not come in the United States until Congress weighs all considerations and adds a new subject matter category for scents and flavors to the U.S. Copyright Act.

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Access to Essential Facilities under the Commerce Act in the Light of Experience in Australia, the European Union and the United States

Victoria University of Wellington Law Review ◽

10.26686/vuwlr.v31i2.5955 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 231

Author(s):

Valentine Korah

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

European Union ◽

United Kingdom ◽

New Zealand ◽

Competition Law ◽

The United States ◽

Economic Effects ◽

The European Union ◽

Dominant Position ◽

Recent Developments

Drawing on recent developments in Australian, United Kingdom and United States jurisprudence, Professor Korah casts doubt on the approach recently taken by New Zealand courts in one of the most controversial areas of competition law: the access to its facilities that a corporation in a dominant position must give to its would-be competitors. She argues that before imposing such obligations courts ought to be more sophisticated in assessing the economic effects of such obligations and especially the need to preserve an incentive to make the considerable investment required to create such facilities. Professor Korah was the 1999 Chapman Tripp Fellow. This article is an edited version of a paper presented at the offices of Chapman Tripp during the tenure of the Fellowship.

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Russian Federation and the United States of America: geostrategic directions to manage the Ukrainian crisis

Tikrit Journal For Political Science ◽

10.25130/poltic.v0i16.143 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

Attarid Awadh Abdulhameed

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

European Union ◽

National Security ◽

Russian Federation ◽

United States Of America ◽

The United States ◽

The European Union ◽

The Usa ◽

Ukrainian Crisis ◽

Zero Sum

Ukrainia Remains of huge importance to Russian Strategy because of its Strategic importance. For being a privileged Postion in new Eurasia, without its existence there would be no logical resons for eastward Expansion by European Powers. As well as in Connection with the progress of Ukrainian is no less important for the USA (VSD, NDI, CIA, or pentagon) and the European Union with all organs, and this is announced by John Kerry. There has always ben Russian Fear and Fear of any move by NATO or USA in the area that it poses a threat to Russians national Security and its independent role and in funence on its forces especially the Navy Forces. There for, the Crisis manyement was not Zero sum game, there are gains and offset losses, but Russia does not accept this and want a Zero Sun game because the USA. And European exteance is a Foot hold in Regin Which Russian sees as a threat to its national security and want to monopolize control in the strategic Qirim.

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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT FRENCH FOREIGN POLICY ACTIVITY

Journal of look to the past ◽

10.26739/2181-9599-2019-22-11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 74-79

Author(s):

Nargiza Sodikova ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

European Union ◽

Foreign Policy ◽

International Security ◽

The United States ◽

Foreign Affairs ◽

Modern Time ◽

The European Union ◽

National Interests ◽

French Foreign Policy

Important aspects of French foreign policy and national interests in the modern time,France's position in international security and the specifics of foreign affairs with the United States and the European Union are revealed in this article

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Ocena antykryzysowej polityki gospodarczej Stanów Zjednoczonych i wybranych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej w latach 2005–2014

10.31338/1641-2478pe.2.16.2 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 26-46

Author(s):

Marcin Jan Flotyński

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

European Union ◽

Financial Markets ◽

Global Economy ◽

Global Financial Crisis ◽

The United States ◽

The European Union ◽

High Volatility ◽

The Global Financial Crisis ◽

Domestic Products

The global financial crisis in 2007–2009 began a period of high volatility on the financial markets. Specifically, it caused an increased amplitude of fluctuations of the level of gross domestic products, the level of investment and consumption and exchange rates in particular countries. To address the adverse market circumstances, governments and central banks took actions in order to bolster the weakening global economy. The aim of this article is to present the anti-crisis actions in the United States and selected member states of the European Union, including Poland, and an assessment of their efficiency. The analysis conducted indicates that generally the actions taken in the United States in response to the crisis were faster and more adequate to the existing circumstances than in the European Union.

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