Women as Policy Makers and Donors: Female Legislators and Foreign Aid

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Hicks ◽  
Joan Hamory Hicks ◽  
Beatriz A. Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Female Legislators

Women as policy makers and donors: Female legislators and foreign aid

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 46-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Hicks ◽  
Joan Hamory Hicks ◽  
Beatriz Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Female Legislators

scholarly journals An Assessment of the “Policy View” in Foreign Aid under Asymmetric Information

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eskander Alvi ◽  
Debasri Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Information ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Foreign Assistance ◽  
Policy Environment ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Good Policy

The policy view, which argues that foreign aid is effective only in a good policy environment, suggests that aid ought to be given to countries with good policies. This has generated a lot of interest and controversy. We argue that the key recommendation of the policy view runs contrary to other prescriptions, particularly those that arise under asymmetric information. Inefficiencies that derive from information problems often require that policy makers do not base the amount of foreign assistance on the recipient's policy effort. This suggests that donors should be cautious in applying the policy view. We also briefly discuss problems that are likely to emerge in estimating aid's productivity given policy in the light of potential information problems.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF FOREIGN AIDS ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Adebayo Abiola Georgina ◽  
Afolayan Olufunmilayo T.
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study is to examine the impact of foreign aid on poverty alleviation in Nigeria over the period of 1990 to 2017. Data were collected from UNCTAD World Bank database and CBN Statistical Bulletin. Consequently, Cointegration, DOLS and Granger Causality techniques were utilized to address the objective of the study. The major findings are summarized as follow: Foreign aid has not led to poverty alleviation in Nigeria. Similarly, FDI has a negative impact on household consumption per capita and not significant at 10% level of significance. This implies that FDI does not reduce poverty in Nigeria. In addition, there is an existence of insignificant positive relationship between inflation rate and household consumption per capita in Nigeria. Furthermore, there is a unidirectional causality which runs from foreign aid to household consumption per capita. However, there is no feedback relationship between foreign aid and FDI, likewise FDI and household consumption per capita. Also, there is a unidirectional causal relationship flowing from inflation rate to household consumption per capita. Finally, due to the findings it is recommended that since foreign aid has no reducing impact on poverty in Nigeria, the policy makers should not depend on foreign aid as the only means of combating poverty in Nigeria. Therefore, a holistic approach for tackling the challenge of poverty in Nigeria is suggested and should be embraced.

scholarly journals Effect of Foreign Aid on Educational Development in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-209
Author(s):  
Tijjani Mohammed Mukaddas
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Educational Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Descriptive Survey

Background:Education is necessary for the economic growth and political stability of any nation. Due to the lack of resources, Nigeria does not pay necessary attention to education. In recent years Nigeria has reduced the budgetary allocation for education sector. Like in other sectors, Nigeria relies heavily on foreign aids for the development of the educational institutions. Objectives:The study aims at assessing the effect of foreign aid on educational development in Nigeria and to give policy recommendations based upon the conclusion drawn from this study. Methods:The study, conducted in Nigeria, employed descriptive survey research design and data werecollected using key stakeholders questionnaire as research tools. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics for research questions and t-test statistics to answer the research hypothesis. Results:Findings from this study revealed that foreign aid has positively affected Nigeria education in terms of infrastructure, SDGs, UBE, science and technology, human resources and ICT. Conclusions:The foreign aid to education has a positive impact on Nigerian educational development. Implications:The result generated from this study can be considered by education policy makers of Nigeria and concerned authorities. Recommendations:The study recommended that donor countries/agencies should allow Nigeria to design and formulate its own policies according to her culture and traditions. It is also recommended that foreign aid intervention should be carried out more in rural communities especially in the area of critical infrastructures in Nigerian schools.

scholarly journals Does Foreign Aid Build Peace?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Findley
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Aid Allocation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Keen Interest ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
The Relationship

Does foreign aid build peace? The answer is of paramount importance for policy makers and practitioners, given that the world's poor are growing increasingly concentrated in conflict-affected countries. Scholars have also demonstrated keen interest, primarily examining the relationship between foreign aid and civil wars. This review takes stock of the existing literature through a survey of key theoretical arguments connecting aid to the onset, dynamics, and recurrence of civil wars. It then articulates a key challenge posed by undertheorization of aid allocation, which is largely nonrandom, making the causal effects difficult to infer. I identify five areas in need of greater attention: microfoundational theoretical assumptions about aid flows; aid in the context of other foreign policy options; explicit articulation of other factors that may mediate or moderate aid's effects; levels of observation and aggregation; and measurement.

Foreign Aid to Sadcc: An Analysis of the Reagan Administration’s Foreign Policy

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Ed Brown
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
South African ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Attention ◽  
Coordination Conference

During the past decade, American foreign policy interests in Southern Africa have steadily increased. In 1974, the collapse of the Portuguese government led to independence for Mozambique and Angola. More recently the Zimbabwean and Namibian liberation struggles have occupied center stage. International attention to South African events has also increased while Western concerns about Soviet influence in the region have intensified. Policy-makers in the United States have not remained immune to these changes. In fact, while American interests in the region have not really changed, they have increased because of the foregoing events and the way they are perceived by American policy makers.In April 1980, all the majority-ruled states of Southern Africa gathered in Lusaka, Zambia, and formed the Southern African Development Coordination Conference.

Winning Hearts and Minds for Rebel Rulers: Foreign Aid and Military Contestation in Syria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Allison Carnegie ◽  
Kimberly Howe ◽  
Adam G. Lichtenheld ◽  
Dipali Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Rebel Governance ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Military Control ◽  
Hearts And Minds

Abstract A primary objective of foreign aid in conflict zones is to help political actors win citizens’ ‘hearts and minds’. Previous studies have focused on assistance provided to state actors; however, this article examines aid's impact on rebel governance. It argues that aid only bolsters opinions of rebel governors where military control is uncontested. In contested areas, rebels lose credibility if they cannot offer protection, and they have difficulty delivering – and receiving credit for – services in insecure environments crowded with competitors. Using novel data from the Syrian civil war, this article shows that aid improves opinions of opposition councils in uncontested areas but not in communities experiencing intra-rebel conflict. It also explores the underlying mechanisms using in-depth interviews with residents of Aleppo City and Saraqeb. The findings reveal a more nuanced relationship among aid, military competition and governance than prior studies have suggested, which has implications for both scholars and policy makers.

Biosecurity: tools, behaviours and concepts

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-452
Author(s):  
Alan MacLeod ◽  
Nicola Spence
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
The One ◽  
Biosecurity Practices

COVID 19 has raised the profile of biosecurity. However, biosecurity is not only about protecting human life. This issue brings together mini-reviews examining recent developments and thinking around some of the tools, behaviours and concepts around biosecurity. They illustrate the multi-disciplinary nature of the subject, demonstrating the interface between research and policy. Biosecurity practices aim to prevent the spread of harmful organisms; recognising that 2020 is the International Year of Plant Health, several focus on plant biosecurity although invasive species and animal health concerns are also captured. The reviews show progress in developing early warning systems and that plant protection organisations are increasingly using tools that compare multiple pest threats to prioritise responses. The bespoke modelling of threats can inform risk management responses and synergies between meteorology and biosecurity provide opportunities for increased collaboration. There is scope to develop more generic models, increasing their accessibility to policy makers. Recent research can improve pest surveillance programs accounting for real-world constraints. Social science examining individual farmer behaviours has informed biosecurity policy; taking a broader socio-cultural approach to better understand farming networks has the potential to change behaviours in a new way. When encouraging public recreationists to adopt positive biosecurity behaviours communications must align with their values. Bringing together the human, animal, plant and environmental health sectors to address biosecurity risks in a common and systematic manner within the One Biosecurity concept can be achieved through multi-disciplinary working involving the life, physical and social sciences with the support of legislative bodies and the public.

Suicide on the Indian Subcontinent

Crisis ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murad M. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Formidable Challenge ◽  
Causative Factors

Summary: The Indian subcontinent comprises eight countries (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Bhutan, and the Maldives) and a collective population of more than 1.3 billion people. 10% of the world's suicides (more than 100,000 people) take place in just three of these countries, viz. India, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan. There is very little information on suicides from the other four countries. Some differences from suicides in Western countries include the high use of organophosphate insecticides, larger numbers of married women, fewer elderly subjects, and interpersonal relationship problems and life events as important causative factors. There is need for more and better information regarding suicide in the countries of the Indian subcontinent. In particular, studies must address culture-specific risk factors associated with suicide in these countries. The prevention of this important public health problem in an area of the world with myriad socio-economic problems, meager resources, and stigmatization of mental illness poses a formidable challenge to mental health professionals, policy makers, and governments of these countries.

How the Nuclear Policy Makers Think

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1073-1074
Author(s):  
Ralph K. White
Keyword(s):  
Policy Makers ◽  
Nuclear Policy
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