Individual Investorss Dividend Tax and Corporate Payout Policies Evidence from a Reform that Ties the Dividend Tax Rate to Share Holding Period

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Zhen Li ◽  
Hang Liu ◽  
Chenkai Ni ◽  
Kangtao Ye
Keyword(s):  
Tax Rate ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Aulerich ◽  
James Molloy

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: x-small;">A reduction in the long-term capital gains tax rate provides investors with new strategies to minimize taxes and protect investment gains.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>One such opportunity exists when an investor decides to sell a profitable stock with a holding period of less than one-year, resulting in short-term ordinary taxes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>The investor would find it more beneficial to sell the stock after one-year lapses, resulting in lower long-term capital gain taxes, although the longer holding period exposes the investor to the uncertainty of stock price movement.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>A strategy to extend the holding period without excess risk would be to use the protective put option strategy, sometimes referred to as &ldquo;investment insurance&rdquo;.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>The strategy involves the purchase of a put option to protect against the possible decline in the stock price, to take advantage of the lower long-term capital gains tax rate, and to preserve the upside potential of the stock.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Pursuant to IRS Publication 550, the IRS does not allow the use of a protective put to extend the holding period on the same security considered for sale.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Since the IRS does not allow a direct protective put hedge, this study will explore an alternative strategy involving the purchase of a put on a highly correlated investment to extend the holding period to recognize lower capital gains tax rates.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>The paper presents example situations when an investor benefits from utilizing the correlated protective put option strategy.</span></p>


2015 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Amiram ◽  
Mary Margaret Frank

ABSTRACT We investigate the effects of dividend taxes on foreign equity portfolio holdings. Based on the extension of an equilibrium model with risky assets to an international setting, we predict that a change in the tax rate on dividends of a country's domestic investors is positively related to changes in foreign investors' portfolio holdings in that country. The evidence from two research settings, which exploit changes in the national tax policies of different countries, supports this prediction. More generally, the model predicts that a foreign investor's equilibrium portfolio holdings in a country are negatively related to the dividend tax rate that she directly pays on assets in that country and positively related to the weighted-average dividend tax rate of worldwide investors in that country. Results from analyses using panel data provide empirical support for these predictions.


2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Dunbar ◽  
Stanley Veliotis

ABSTRACT This study examines the extent to which investor-level taxes affect the pricing and pre-tax returns of securities. Specifically, we investigate whether the pre-tax yield on outstanding conventional preferred stock (CPS) decreased after the 2003 Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act (JGTRRA) reduced the individual's tax rate on dividends. Our research design for detecting tax effects is strong for two reasons: (1) JGTRRA provides a quasi-experimental setting that permits a pre/post design, and (2) we use trust preferred stock (TPS) issued by the same firm as the tax-disfavored benchmark asset, which permits a matched-pair design that controls for risk. Additional tests including CPS issues without TPS counterparts confirm the effect of JGTRRA on CPS issues. The results indicate that investors reacted to the new tax-favored status of CPS by bidding up its price, which lowered its yield. Data Availability:  All data are available from public sources identified in the paper.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Zhen Li ◽  
Hang Liu ◽  
Chenkai Ni

We examine whether dividend tax induced lock-in reduces idiosyncratic volatility. The 2012 Dividend Tax Reform in China tied individual investors' dividend tax to the length of their share holding period, with short-term individual investors entering into higher tax brackets. We find that high dividend firms experience a reduction in idiosyncratic volatility, relative to low dividend firms, after the reform. The effect is more pronounced when high dividend firms have more retail investors and exhibit greater uncertainty. High dividend firms also experience a reduction in stock price crashes. Finally, with reduced trading by individual investors who are likely less informed, earnings announcements of high dividend firms trigger less trading volume during the event window post-reform, but enable more complete price reactions. We conclude that dividend tax induced lock-in, through discouraging short-term individual investors' trading, stabilizes the market and improves share price informativeness.


Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Blouin ◽  
Jana Smith Raedy ◽  
Douglas A. Shackelford
Keyword(s):  
Tax Rate ◽  

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 568-576
Author(s):  
Chunning Yan ◽  
Hang Zhang ◽  
Qianqian Chen ◽  
Yangxin Huang

AbstractBy comparing several kinds of continuous functions, a normal distribution function-based model is proposed to improve the existing Levy policy of dividend tax in this paper. The improved model is adopted to stimulate the long-term investment and contain the short-term speculation. Further, this improved model paves an avenue to overcome the deficiency on the double policy of dividend tax rate by holding stock period with one day difference and also adjust the tax revenues by controlling the parameters of the distribution function. The findings from this study suggest that the improved model with normal distribution function may provide more reasonable results based on the data from the stock market and, finally, the proper decision is discussed.


2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 727-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deen Kemsley ◽  
Padmakumar Sivadasan ◽  
Venkat Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Tax Rate ◽  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document