scholarly journals Thinking Slow About Sexual Assault in the Military

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew David Burris
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
The Military

Sexual Assault While in the Military: Violence as a Predictor of Cardiac Risk?

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Frayne ◽  
Katherine M. Skinner ◽  
Lisa M. Sullivan ◽  
Karen M. Freund
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Women Veterans ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Veterans Administration ◽  
Cardiac Risk Factors ◽  
Military Violence ◽  
Problem Alcohol Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military

The purpose of this article is to determine whether known cardiac risk factors are more prevalent among women veterans who report having sustained sexual assault while in the military. We surveyed a random sample of 3,632 women veterans using Veterans Administration (VA) ambulatory care nationally. Obesity, smoking, problem alcohol use, sedentary lifestyle, and hysterectomy before age 40 were found to be more common in women reporting a history of sexual assault while in the military than in women without such history. An association between myocardial infarction and prior sexual assault history may be mediated in part by known cardiac risk factors.

Sexual assault prevention in the military: Key issues and recommendations

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Gidycz ◽  
Joel Wyatt ◽  
Nathan W. Galbreath ◽  
Stephen H. Axelrad ◽  
Dave R. McCone
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Assault Prevention ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Military ◽  
Assault Prevention

Service-Women’s Responses to Sexual Harassment: The Importance of Identity Work and Masculinity in a Gendered Organization

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 1656-1680
Author(s):  
Stephanie Bonnes
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Military ◽  
Responses To Sexual Harassment ◽  
Depth Interviews

Using data from in-depth interviews with 38 U.S. service-women, this article explores women’s responses to sexual harassment in the military workplace. I argue that in an extremely gendered and masculine institution, sexual harassment threatens service-women’s identities as military insiders, presenting an identity dilemma for them. To resolve this dilemma, women prioritize their masculinity and downplay and excuse harassment. In contrast, service-women who have experienced sexual assault or combat confront sexual harassment. I argue that this is possible because for these two groups of women, sexual harassment does not present an identity dilemma. I show how masculinity is used to downplay and normalize harassment as well as to resist it.

“Who Are You Going to Tell? Who’s Going to Believe You?”

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Dardis ◽  
Kristen M. Reinhardt ◽  
Melissa M. Foynes ◽  
Nina E. Medoff ◽  
Amy E. Street
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Women Veterans ◽  
Military Sexual Trauma ◽  
Directed Content Analysis ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

Researchers have identified disclosure as an important part of sexual assault recovery among civilian survivors. However, few researchers have examined the process of military sexual trauma (MST) disclosure, including the barriers and facilitators, positive and negative reactions from disclosure recipients, and positive and negative impacts of disclosure on survivors. Twenty-three women veteran MST survivors completed semi-structured qualitative interviews that assessed disclosure experiences; responses were coded using directed content analysis. Among the 20 women veterans who disclosed MST (87%), most volunteered information that they had disclosed to informal (74%, n = 17), military (70%, n = 16), and medical sources (52%, n = 12). Among women who reported that they disclosed MST to military personnel, all reported at least one negative reaction to the disclosure, including 50% ( n = 8) who reported perceived retaliation for disclosure. Women who reported they disclosed to military personnel identified some barriers (e.g., feared consequences) that women who disclosed to non-military personnel did not. We suggest that the responses of recipients to disclosure may contribute to the impact on participants, including dissatisfaction and disillusionment with the military. We discuss unique aspects of the military context that may contribute to negative reactions. Practitioners can use this information to increase empathy and understanding of the complexity of disclosure and to help survivors process and contextualize these experiences during therapy. Additional online materials for this article are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684318796783

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Whittier
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Sex Trafficking ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
Single Issue ◽  
Government Surveillance ◽  
The Military

Chapter 5, the book’s conclusion, draws comparative theoretical lessons from all three cases. It discusses six features of relationships between frenemies: risks to participants’ reputation; reliance on hybrid or compromise frames or goals; focus on single-issue or specific goals; the importance of emotional and personal narratives; lack of more extensive collaboration or institutionalization of the relationships; and outcomes that depend on the relative power of participants. The chapter discusses implications for ongoing policy regarding sex offenders, sex trafficking, and government surveillance. The paths of activism around the case studies have influenced recent issues of sexual assault, including in the military, in colleges and universities. Feminists have influenced these developments, but not alone. Frenemies, including both feminists and conservatives, continue to be engaged in these issues and to shape their paths.

scholarly journals Sexual Assault Training in the Military: Evaluating Efforts to End the “Invisible War”

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 289-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn J. Holland ◽  
Verónica Caridad Rabelo ◽  
Lilia M. Cortina
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Invisible

Effects of The Men’s Program on U.S. Army Soldiers’ Intentions to Commit and Willingness to Intervene to Prevent Rape: A Pretest Posttest Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 911-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Foubert ◽  
Ryan C. Masin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Rape Myth Acceptance ◽  
Rape Myth ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Rape Prevention ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Willingness To Intervene ◽  
The Military ◽  
Myth Acceptance

Noncommissioned male officers in the U.S. Army stationed in Germany were trained to present a 1-hour rape prevention workshop—The Men’s Program—to 237 enlisted male soldiers. A comparison group of 244 male soldiers received a briefing focused on reducing the individual’s risk for experiencing sexual assault, discussion of myths and facts about sexual assault, and how to avoid being accused of sexual assault. Participants in The Men’s Program experienced significant change in the predicted direction for bystander willingness to help, bystander efficacy, rape myth acceptance, likelihood of raping, and likelihood of committing sexual assault with low to medium effect sizes. Comparison group participants experienced no effect on these variables except for a significant decline in rape myth acceptance with a very low effect size.Between-group differences pointed to the efficacy of The Men’s Program. Implications of these results for rape prevention programming in the military are discussed.

Victim Behavior in a Sample of Military Sexual Assault Cases

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052092235
Author(s):  
MAJ Karl Umbrasas
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Forensic Evaluation ◽  
Military Justice ◽  
Military Sexual Assault ◽  
Case Files ◽  
Forensic Case ◽  
The Military

This study explored victim responses to sexual assault within a military context. Victim behavior was identified in forensic case files of service members charged with sexual assault ( N = 58) and referred for forensic evaluation or consultation. The identified victim behavior was coded and quantified for description. Of the sample 87.9% of victims were female and 12.0% of victims were male; 37.9% of the victims reported their assault in less than 1 month. Forceful resistance to the assault occurred in 15.5% of the cases. Physical injury associated with the sexual assault was absent in 96.5% of the cases. The description of victim behavior can inform forensic expert testimony on victim behavior within the military justice system while also offering empirical evidence to better understand this public health problem in the U.S. military.

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