Existence of Equilibrium in Economies with Indivisible Commodities and Savings

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoki Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Existence Of Equilibrium

Brauer's Fixed Point Theorem

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Fixed Point Theorem ◽  
Point Theorem ◽  
Simple Proof ◽  
Exchange Model ◽  
Existence Of Equilibrium ◽  
Economic Applications ◽  
Brouwer’S Fixed Point Theorem ◽  
Brouwer's Fixed Point Theorem

The primary goal of the paper is to deliver a simple proof of equivalence between Brouwer’s fixed point theorem and the existence of equilibrium in a simple exchange model with monotonic consumers. To achieve this end, we discuss some equivalent formulations of Brouwer’s theorem and prove additional ones, that are ’approximating’ in character or seem to be better suited for economic applications than the standard results.

On an “Important Principle” of Arrow and Debreu

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnis Vilks
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Competitive Equilibrium ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
Existence Of Equilibrium ◽  
Important Principle

Abstract In their seminal 1954 paper on the existence of competitive equilibrium, Arrow and Debreu state what they call an “important principle”, namely that it is necessary for the existence of equilibrium that every consumer has some asset or can supply some labour service which has a positive price at equilibrium. It does not seem to have been noticed that this claim is incorrect. We provide a very simple model of a private ownership economy with three goods where a competitive equilibrium exists, but consumers who have nothing to sell but their labour end up with zero wealth in equilibrium. As zero wealth must be taken to mean non-survival, and the Arrow–Debreu model is frequently interpreted as assuming that all consumers can survive without trade, we also briefly discuss the issue of non-survival in equilibrium. We finally point out that our example illustrates the possibility that technological progress may result in a situation where the value of work becomes negligible.

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