scholarly journals Nobody Home: The Effect of Maternal Labor Force Participation on Long-Term Child Outcomes

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venke Furre Haaland ◽  
Mari Rege ◽  
Mark Votruba
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Labor Force Participation

Maternal Labor Force Participation and Child Well-Being in Public Assistance Families

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Secret ◽  
Claudia Peck-Heath
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Public Assistance ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Maternal Labor Force Participation

This study investigated the relationship between maternal labor force participation and the general health and school performance of school-age children in public assistance families. Data were obtained from face-to-face interviews with 97 mothers drawn froma random sample of public assistance recipients in one community. Using a measure of maternal labor force participation over the course of several years, logistic regression analysis revealed positive, but complex, relationships. Children whose mothers had recent, current, or long-term employment were in better health than children whose mothers had been unemployed for more than 2 years. Children’s school performancewas positively associated with either long-term unemployment or long-term employment, suggesting that the stability of maternal labor force participation, rather than work status per se, was an important factor. The study maintains a needed focus on child outcomes and provides an important conceptualization of maternal labor force participation for use in future welfare reform studies.

To Work or Not to Work? Child Development and Maternal Labor Supply

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Frijters ◽  
David W Johnston ◽  
Manisha Shah ◽  
Michael A Shields
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Poor Child ◽  
Maternal Labor Supply ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Instrumental Variables Approach ◽  
Maternal Labor Force Participation

We estimate the effect of early child development on maternal labor force participation. Mothers of poorly developing children may remain at home to care for their children. Alternatively, mothers may enter the labor force to pay for additional educational and health resources. Which action dominates is the empirical question we answer in this paper. We control for the potential endogeneity of child development by using an instrumental variables approach, uniquely exploiting exogenous variation in child development associated with child handedness. We find that a one unit increase in poor child development decreases maternal labor force participation by approximately 10 percentage points. (JEL J13, J16, J22)

scholarly journals The Female Secondary Stipend and Assistance Program in Bangladesh: What Did It Accomplish?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahidur Rahman Khandker ◽  
Hussain Akhterus Samad ◽  
Nobuhiko Fuwa ◽  
Ryotaro Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Female Education ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Age At Marriage ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact

Are subsidies to female education worth supporting to enhance socioeconomic and demographic changes? This paper examines whether or not the Female Secondary Stipend and Assistance Program (FSSAP) in Bangladesh matters. If it does, how much and in what way—on both observed short- and long- term outcomes associated with female education? How did FSSAP impact the education of children, and boys in particular? The paper also explores the impact on female labor force participation, as well as age at marriage, fertility, and other effects on society.

scholarly journals Does universal long-term care insurance boost female labor force participation? Macro-level evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michihito Ando ◽  
Masato Furuichi ◽  
Yoshihiro Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Long Term Care Insurance

Abstract Although a public long-term care (LTC) program is a potentially important factor for the labor supply of female informal caregivers, there are only a handful of individual-level studies on this topic and the macro-level impacts of LTC programs are still largely unknown. Exploiting the introduction of nationwide long-term care insurance (LTCI) in Japan and utilizing a synthetic control method, we examine how LTCI introduction has altered the trends of public expenditures on in-kind benefits for the elderly, public health expenditure, and female labor force participation. The estimation results using the panel data of OECD countries (1980–2013) suggest that LTCI introduction substantially increased the in-kind benefits for the elderly by around one percentage point of GDP 10 years after LTCI introduction, but we do not find a positive effect on the labor force participation for middle-aged women. The fact that we do not observe any positive LTCI effects on middle-aged female labor force participation on a macro level implies that positive LTCI effects on female labor supply observed in some previous microlevel studies may be cancelled out by some other factors or are small enough to be detected under a general-equilibrium setting.

scholarly journals China's low fertility may not hinder future prosperity

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (40) ◽  
pp. e2108900118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Marois ◽  
Stuart Gietel-Basten ◽  
Wolfgang Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Optimistic Picture ◽  
Age Dependency Ratio

China’s low fertility is often presented as a major factor which will hinder its prosperity in the medium to long term. This is based on the assumed negative consequences of an increasing old-age dependency ratio: a simplistic measure of relative changing age structures. Based on this view, policies to increase fertility are being proposed after decades of birth restriction policies. Here, we argue that a purely age structure–based reasoning which disregards labor force participation and education attainment may be highly misleading. While fertility has indeed fallen to low levels, human capital accumulation has been very strong—especially among younger cohorts. Factoring in the effects of labor force participation and educational attainment on productivity, a measure called “productivity-weighted labor force dependency ratio” can more accurately capture the economic implications of demographic change. When using this ratio, a much more optimistic picture of the economic (and social) future of China can be envisaged.

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Recession on the US Labor Market: Occupation, Family, and Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-24
Author(s):  
Stefania Albanesi ◽  
Jiyeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Time Data ◽  
The Us ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

The economic crisis associated with the emergence of the novel corona virus is unlike standard recessions. Demand for workers in high contact and inflexible service occupations has declined while parental supply of labor has been reduced by lack of access to reliable child care and in-person schooling options. This has led to a substantial and persistent drop in employment and labor force participation for women, who are typically less affected by recessions than men. We examine real-time data on employment, unemployment, labor force participation and gross job flows to document the impact of the pandemic by occupation, gender and family status. We also discuss the potential long-term implications of this crisis, including the role of automation in depressing the recovery of employment for the worst hit service occupations.

Boosting Mongolia’s Long-Term Economic Growth through More Equal Labor Force Participation between Men and Women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Men And Women

This Observations and Suggestions note provides recommendations to boost female labor force participation in Mongolia.

scholarly journals Distinguished Lecture on Economics in Government—Fighting Poverty: Lessons from Recent U.S. History

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M Blank
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Public Assistance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Welfare Dependence

Welfare reform efforts in the 1990s aimed at reducing welfare dependence and moving women into work. Public assistance use fell and labor force participation among mothers rose at a stunning rate over the decade. Poverty declined, but at a slower rate. These changes are causally related to the strong macroeconomy, welfare reform efforts, and other policy changes, especially the EITC and minimum wage expansions. This paper concludes that all of these effects reinforced each other, producing very large behavioral changes. It is too early to predict the effects of these changes on long-term family well-being.

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