Costs and Benefits of Labor Mobility between the EU and the Eastern Partnership Countries: The Case of Poland

AbstractThe article will show major dimensions in the experience of EU Member States that could be shared with the Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries. The framework of the study is the EU concept of trade unions in social dialogue and social partnership in the public sector. This study outlines the concept of social dialogue as a core element of industrial relations and will focus on industrial relations specifically in the public sector. The authors have elaborated the approach to industrial relations and social dialogue taking into account comparative approach to definitions provided by international institutions such as ILO and OECD, as well as institutions in the EU and Latvia. Latvia is also a case study for Eastern Partnership countries as these countries and their trade unions are in a transition period from socialist structures to structures that possess liberal economies. Trade unions in these countries are members of the International Trade Union Confederation. The major transformation that trade unions underwent from being part of the socialist system and becoming an independent institution since Latvia regained independence in 1991 has been studied. The paper discusses the current developments related to the position of Latvian Free Trade Union Federation in the system of decision-making process related to the public administration management. Finally, the prospective role of trade unions in the EU and in Latvia is analysed and possible revitalisation of trade union is discussed. This approach could be applied to the Eastern Partners of the EU.

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Implementation of National Approaches to Circular Migration: Entry and Re-entry Conditions for Migrant Workers in Bulgaria and Poland

IMISCOE Research Series - Circular Migration and the Rights of Migrant Workers in Central and Eastern Europe ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-52689-4_6 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 127-176

Author(s):

Zvezda Vankova

Keyword(s):

Focus Groups ◽

Member State ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Second Step ◽

Circular Migration ◽

Eastern Partnership ◽

Seasonal Workers ◽

Significant Period ◽

Eastern Partnership Countries ◽

The Eu

AbstractThis chapter brings together the EU and national instruments conducive to circular migration developed in Bulgaria and Poland and assesses their implementation against the backdrop of the study’s benchmarks concerning entry and re-entry conditions for migrant workers. In order to do that, the chapter first presents the national general admission frameworks and the specific instruments identified as favourable to circular migration; as a second step, it focuses on the implementation of EU instruments in the national laws of Bulgaria and Poland. This analysis is complemented by insights into the implementation dynamics of the EU and national instruments on the basis of data collected through focus groups with migrants from Ukraine and Russia as well as interviews conducted with stakeholders and data on permits retrieved from the national administrations of both countries. The chapter ends with an assessment of whether the instruments developed provide options for facilitated entry for migrants from the Eastern partnership countries and Russia, as well as for circulation-friendly policies – for instance, the possibility to grant priority to seasonal workers who have been employed in the territory of a Member State for a significant period over other workers who seek admission to that State.

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EU’s Resilience in the Eastern Partnership Region vs Russia’s Hybrid Aggression

Mediaforum : Analytics, Forecasts, Information Management ◽

10.31861/mediaforum.2021.9.78-86 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 78-86

Author(s):

Oleh Kozachuk ◽

Grigore Vasilescu

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Academic Research ◽

Third Party ◽

Eastern Partnership ◽

Republic Of Moldova ◽

Eastern Partnership Countries ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

The Republic ◽

Sphere Of Influence ◽

The Eu

The article examines the issues of counteracting the hybrid aggression of the Russian Federation in the countries of the Eastern Partnership. It is stated that European Union has been implementing the Eastern Partnership policy for more than ten years. This implementation has been a resounding success for all, without exception, the six target states. Ukraine, the Republic of Moldova and Georgia have advanced much more in their European aspirations. However, this does not stop the Russian Federation from further positioning all the states that were once part of the USSR as a sphere of its ultimate influence. Russia is also producing rivalry with the EU for influencing all, without exception, the Eastern Partnership states and even the EU. An overview of academic research analyzing the resilience of the EU in the face of Russia in the context of its impact on the Eastern Partnership countries is set out in this article. Some approaches have been used to define the EU as a “normative power” and Russia’s controversial policy towards neighbouring countries. The examination of the works described in the article concludes that the Russian Federation continues to regard neighbouring states as its sphere of influence, particularly Ukraine, Moldova, and Georgia. Moscow considers any attempt by a third party to interfere as an intrusion on its unique field of power. As can be observed from the investigated sources, Russia’s activities are scarcely diplomatic or focused on global democratic norms. In its Eastern Partnership strategy, the EU, on the other hand, utilizes values as a guideline. Simultaneously, Ukraine, the Republic of Moldova, and Georgia must demand immediate modifications to the Eastern Partnership policy. The potential of EU membership, in particular, must be appropriately explained by Brussels.

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Facing a Fragmented Neighbourhood: The EU and Six Eastern Partnership Countries

The EU in a Trans-European Space ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-03679-9_8 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 157-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kateryna Pishchikova

Keyword(s):

Eastern Partnership ◽

Eastern Partnership Countries ◽

The Eu

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Transboundary delineation, characterisation and monitoring of groundwater bodies in the Dnipro river basin of Ukraine and the Pripyat river basin of Belarus under the European Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (EUWI+)

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-8747 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Olga Vasniova ◽

Olga Biarozka ◽

Nataliia Lyuta ◽

Iryna Sanina ◽

Andreas Scheidleder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Data Exchange ◽

National Level ◽

River Basins ◽

Eastern Partnership ◽

European Water ◽

Sampling Campaign ◽

Management Plans ◽

Eastern Partnership Countries ◽

The Eu

The EU-funded program European Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (EUWI+), which is the biggest commitment of the EU to the water sector in the EaP countries, helps Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine to bring their legislation closer to EU policy in the field of water management, with a main focus on the management of trans-boundary river basins. It supports the development and implementation of pilot river basin management plans, building on the improved policy framework and ensuring a strong participation of local stakeholders.Project funding is provided by the European Commission (DG NEAR), the EU support program for improved cooperation in the eastern EU neighborhood region and the EU Water Initiative Plus (EUWI+). On a national level, financial support comes from the Austrian Development Agency, the Austrian Federal Ministry for Sustainability and Tourism as well as from the French Office International de l&#8217;Eau. Up to 2020, management plans for selected river basins and transboundary rivers will be implemented under the leadership of a European project consortium headed by the Environment Agency Austria.One important first step is the delineation of groundwater bodies according to the principles of the EU Water Framework Directive and the harmonization of transboundary groundwater bodies between Belarus and Ukraine. Groundwater experts of the Ukrainian Geological Prospecting Institute and the Belarus Unitary Enterprise &#8220;Research And Production Centre For Geology&#8221; identified and characterized the transboundary groundwater bodies which are crossing country boarders in the Dnipro river basin in Ukrainian and the Pripyat river basin in Belarus. Furthermore, a corridor which is supposed to be in transboundary groundwater interaction was identified. All methodological work was bilaterally agreed.The experts of both countries made an inventory of existing groundwater monitoring sites and a proposal of monitoring sites which should be subject to transboundary monitoring and bilateral data exchange. In addition, a joint transboundary groundwater survey including the joint selection of monitoring parameters, a common sampling campaign and a joint interpretation of the monitoring results is planned for the period until August 2020.A statement of the quantitative and chemical status and the risk of not achieving good status in future, as a conclusion of all collected information and monitoring data will be given.The already available results of the joint investigations are presented.

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The EU-Eastern Partnership Countries: Association Agreements and Transdisciplinarity in Studies, Training and Research

Baltic Journal of European Studies ◽

10.2478/bjes-2014-0020 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 134-149

Author(s):

Tatyana Muravska ◽

Alexandre Berlin

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Comparative Approach ◽

The European Union ◽

Member States ◽

Association Agreement ◽

Eastern Partnership ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Eastern Partnership Countries ◽

European Union Studies ◽

The Eu

Abstract The European Union (EU) signed Association Agreements on 27 June 2014 with Georgia, the Republic of Moldova, and Ukraine. The Association Agreement (AA) is the EU’s main instrument to bring the countries in the Eastern Partnership (EaP) closer to EU standards and norms. For the citizens of the EaP countries to benefit from these agreements, a more in-depth knowledge of the EU and the EU Member States is required to be reflected in a comparative approach to European Union studies. We examine these implications on the need to expand and adapt, the content and approach to research and teaching European Union studies, with the transdisciplinary approach becoming increasingly dominant, becoming a modern tool for research in social sciences. This contribution aims to offer insight into the implementation of transdisciplinarity in the methodology of education and research as it is determined by current increasing global challenges. This approach should serve as a means of integrating a number of main goals as part of learning, teaching and research processes: strengthening employability of young people and preparing them for citizenship. We discuss the need for modernizing European studies in the EU Member States that could serve as an example for the EU Eastern Partnership countries. We conclude that the theoretical approach to European and related studies of other disciplines and their practical implications should always be transdisciplinary in nature and benefit from direct in-situ exposure and should be fully integrated in university curricula

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Regional diversification of the use of agricultural production potential in the EU candidate and the Eastern partnership countries

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0257490 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (10) ◽

pp. e0257490

Author(s):

Anna Jankowska

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Production ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Production Potential ◽

Productivity Level ◽

Eastern Partnership ◽

Agricultural Resources ◽

Eastern Partnership Countries ◽

Regional Diversification ◽

The Eu

Diversification of the agricultural production potential often implies the differentiation of the achieved farming productivity due to its effect on the agricultural resources and structural processes. The article aims to examine the diversity of the production potential in the agricultural sectors of the EU candidate countries (CC) and the Eastern Partnership countries (EPC) and its impact on the variety of the achieved productivity, as well as to present changes in the analyzed indicators in the years 2006–2017. A synthetic measure of agricultural development and a linear regression analysis were applied in the article. The research revealed that Belarus may be distinguished with regard to its production potential, as well as the achieved productivity. In most countries (with the exception of Montenegro and Macedonia), an increase in the value of the synthetic measure of the possessed potential has been recorded in the studied period. However, the synthetic measure of the agricultural productivity level displayed an insignificant raise only in half of the countries surveyed.

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Comparative Analysis of the Availability of Digitalization Indicators in Ukraine and Other EU Eastern Partnership Countries

Statistics of Ukraine ◽

10.31767/su.3(86)2019.03.06 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 56-62

Author(s):

I. Yu. Yegorov ◽

V. Yu. Gryga

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

The State ◽

Training Data ◽

Reference Level ◽

Similar Data ◽

Eastern Partnership ◽

Eu Countries ◽

Eastern Partnership Countries ◽

State Of Affairs ◽

The Eu

The article contains the results of a study on monitoring the digital economy and society in the Eastern Partnership countries. A brief assessment of the state of affairs in these countries in terms of the availability of data, which are needed to calculate the main indicators of digitalization and, first of all, the DESI index on the basis of the OECD guidelines and recommendations is presented. The assessment was carried out by comparing the information obtained with similar data, approaches and practices of the European Union. It was based on utilization of the "reference " level of the EU countries for closer alignment with the latter. Based on the results of the analysis of the state of affairs with statistics, which reflects the processes of digitalization in Ukraine and other Eastern partnership countries, some recommendations on improving the organization of information collection in order to increase the quality of statistical data management are made. This also opens the way for a closer coordination with the European approach to monitoring indicators of digitalization, including calculations of DESI index. In Ukraine, work is underway to improve statistical tools for measuring and monitoring digitalization processes. This work is based on the approaches, which are used in the EU countries. In the group of Eastern partnership countries, Ukraine is not among the leaders. It is lagging behind some other countries, first of all - Belarus. At the same time, it should be noted that there are some problems with the use of the Eurostat tools for digitalization measurement. In general, the main problems, which have been mentioned by representatives of statistical bodies in the process of collection, analysis, reporting, are the lack of an appropriate statistical unit, lack of funds for the organization of research, lack of qualified personnel, as well as the lack of appropriate tools for data collection (questionnaires, methodological materials for sampling, etc.). The low level of interest on the part of government bodies exacerbates these problems. The list of DESI indicators must be approved by the government. It should be developed by the State statistical service of Ukraine in cooperation with other ministries and state agencies. Only after that, the State statistical service of Ukraine will be able to change its statistical questionnaires (forms) and conduct the necessary specialized surveys. EU assistance may include several activities that the State statistical service of Ukraine has identified as its needs: data collection tools, staff training, data analysis, etc. Such assistance may be provided within the framework of existing cooperation agreements between the State statistical service of Ukraine and specialized statistical agencies of the EU.

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Transboundary subparts of groundwater bodies (GWB) and transboundary monitoring network of the Republic of Belarus and the Ukraine - developed under the European Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (EUWI+)

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-4599 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nataliia Lyuta ◽

Iryna Sanina ◽

Olga Biarozka ◽

Olga Vasniova ◽

Andreas Scheidleder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monitoring System ◽

River Basin ◽

Groundwater Monitoring ◽

Monitoring Network ◽

River Basins ◽

Eastern Partnership ◽

European Water ◽

Eastern Partnership Countries ◽

The Republic ◽

The Eu

The EU-funded program European Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (EUWI+), which is the biggest commitment of the EU to the water sector in the EaP countries, helps Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine to bring their legislation closer to EU policy in the field of water management, with a main focus on the management of transboundary river basins. It supports the development and implementation of pilot river basin management plans, building on the improved policy framework and ensuring a strong participation of local stakeholders.In 2019, with the support of EUWI+, groundwater experts from Ukraine and the Republic of Belarus identified transboundary groundwater bodies (GWBs) in the Dnipro River Basin of Ukraine and the Republic of Belarus. In total eight (3 unconfined and 5 confined) transboundary GWBs in Ukraine were identified as transboundary linked with six GWBs in Belarus. As some of these GWBs are significantly large, follow-up studies in 2020 aimed at identifying those sub parts of the GWBs which are subject to transboundary groundwater interaction. Finally, on both sides of the border, transboundary corridors at a distance of 50 km from the state border were identified as sub-zones of the existing large GWBs. This distance was chosen to capture the recharge areas of the zone of active water exchange (watersheds) and the areas of groundwater discharge (river valleys).The investigated transboundary territory is located in Polissia, a zone of excessive moisture, where the GWBs are mainly recharged by precipitation - the unconfined GWBs all over the whole territory, the confined GWBs at places where shallow water-bearing rocks occur. In the transboundary zone, the regional recharge area is located in the Ukrainian Shield; most of the aquifers are recharged on its slopes. The direction of groundwater flow is from the Ukrainian Shield towards the artesian basins in Belarus.&#160;The Ukrainian part of the territory, where the confined aquifers are recharged, is characterised by minor anthropogenic pressures - very low population density and no large industrial enterprises. Therefore, impacts from the Ukrainian side on the GWBs in Belarus are limited. In contrast, the border area in the Republic of Belarus is one of its most developed industrial regions.The analysis showed that the groundwater monitoring network in the Ukrainian 50-km transboundary zone has practically been destroyed due to long-term underfunding and it requires substantial restoration. In Belarus, the monitoring network is quite representative and requires some improvements; in some GWBs &#160;the monitoring network is unevenly distributed and in some GWBs, the number of monitoring wells is insufficientWithin this study a comprehensive set of analytical material on geological-hydrogeological, hydrogeochemical, hydrodynamic aspects of the study area was collected, a number of open issues were identified, which will substantially contribute to the development and harmonization of not only the groundwater monitoring system of the transboundary territory of the Pripyat and Dnieper river basins in Ukraine and the Republic of Belarus, but also the groundwater monitoring system of the countries as a whole.

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