scholarly journals Waste Prevention and Social Preferences: The Role of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grazia Cecere ◽  
Susanna Mancinelli ◽  
Massimiliano Mazzanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Preferences ◽  
Waste Prevention ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivations

scholarly journals Waste prevention and social preferences: the role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations

2014 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grazia Cecere ◽  
Susanna Mancinelli ◽  
Massimiliano Mazzanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Preferences ◽  
Waste Prevention ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivations

scholarly journals Assessing social preferences in reimbursement negotiations for new Pharmaceuticals in Oncology: an experimental design to analyse willingness to pay and willingness to accept

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik J. Wettstein ◽  
Stefan Boes
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Real World ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Patient Organisation ◽  
Patient Benefit

Abstract Background Price negotiations for specialty pharmaceuticals take place in a complex market setting. The determination of the added value of new treatments and the related societal willingness to pay are of increasing importance in policy reform debates. From a behavioural economics perspective, potential cognitive biases and other-regarding concerns affecting outcomes of reimbursement negotiations are of interest. An experimental setting to investigate social preferences in reimbursement negotiations for novel, oncology pharmaceuticals was used. Of interest were differences in social preferences caused by incremental changes of the patient outcome. Methods An online experiment was conducted in two separate runs (n = 202, n = 404) on the Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) platform. Populations were split into two (run one) and four (run two) equally sized treatment groups for hypothetical reimbursement decisions. Participants were randomly assigned to the role of a public price regulator for pharmaceuticals (buyer) or a representative of a pharmaceutical company (seller). In run two, role groups were further split into two different price magnitude framings (“real world” vs unconverted “real payoff” prices). Decisions had real monetary effects on other participants (in the role of premium payers or investors) and via charitable donations to a patient organisation (patient benefit). Results 56 (run one) and 59 (run two) percent of participants stated strictly monotone preferences for incremental patient benefit. The mean incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) against standard of care (SoC) was higher than the initial ICER of the SoC against no care. Regulators stated lower reservation prices in the “real world” prices group compared to their colleagues in the unconverted payoff group. No price group showed any reluctance to trade. Overall, regulators rated the relevance of the patient for their decision higher and the relevance of their own role lower compared to sellers. Conclusions The price magnitude of current oncology treatments affects stated preferences for incremental survival, and assigned responsibilities lead to different opinions on the relevance of affected stakeholders. The design is useful to further assess effects of reimbursement negotiations on societal outcomes like affordability (cost) or availability (access) of new pharmaceuticals and test behavioural policy interventions.

Adopting waste-prevention routines: the role of consumer concern for food waste

Appetite ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 105188
Author(s):  
Guillaume Le Borgne ◽  
Lucie Sirieix ◽  
Pierre Valette-Florence ◽  
Sandrine Costa
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Waste Prevention

Addressing food loss and waste prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Kör ◽  
Adriana Krawczyk ◽  
Ingrid Wakkee
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Waste Prevention ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Loss

PurposeFood waste is one of the most challenging issues humanity is currently facing. Therefore, there has been a growing interest in the prevention of food waste because of world hunger, environmental impacts, resource scarcity and economic costs. The purpose of the study is to investigate the factors that influence food waste and the role of technology in tackling food waste in India and the Netherlands.Design/methodology/approachIn order to explore differences in food loss and waste further this study will examine a number of practices on both the production and the consumer side, in a developing country and a developed country with different culture/economic backgrounds: India and the Netherlands. The factors that influence food waste were examined with a preliminary qualitative study, which consists of semi-structured interviews, and quantitative research that comprises a survey. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in both India and the Netherlands, which consists of five interviews. The survey data was collected from 78 individuals from India and 115 individuals from the Netherlands.FindingsOne of the main findings of the research is food waste is divided into waste within agricultural production (i.e. food loss) and final household consumption (i.e. food waste). Different factors influence food loss in different stages in the supply chain. Some of these factors include wastage during processing, storage, transportation and at the market-place. New technologies can utilize food loss for new purposes, so food loss is reduced to the minimum. Food waste is mainly influenced by food passing expiry date, food that is left too long in the fridge and consumers buying too much food. In final household consumption, technologies such as digital platforms enable individuals or organizations to share and donate their food, thereby creating awareness on food waste prevention and the environmental and ethical benefits.Originality/valueThe authors examine to what extent and in which ways supporting consumers to minimize food waste can be achieved via three stages: (1) understanding and evaluating food loss and waste, (2) identifying the factors that influence food loss and waste, (3) understanding consumer behaviors to encourage food waste reduction and (4) identifying the technological impact that would reduce food waste. As such, this paper contributes to ongoing debates about food waste by looking at the role of context and culture and by exploring differences between developed and developing countries. Also, the authors advance the debate by exploring both the role of advanced technology such as blockchain and drones in both preventing loss and waste as well as non-technological mechanisms.

scholarly journals The role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations in sharing economy post-adoption

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Oliveira ◽  
Iolanda Barbeitos ◽  
Antonela Calado
Keyword(s):  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Continuance Intention ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivations

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine use and sharing economy (SE) continuance intention, and the mediation effects of use between individuals' motivations and SE continuance intention. A theoretical model is developed to explain use and SE continuance intention as intrinsic and extrinsic motivated behaviour, as proposed by self-determination theory. Factors are derived from SE context and supported by published research on SE.Design/methodology/approachThe partial least squares path modelling (PLS-PM) technique is used to test the model in a quantitative study involving 256 users of SE services.FindingsFindings suggest that use and SE continuance can be explained by concurrent intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. Moreover, high environmental concerns may restrain the use of SE services. Findings show that continuance intention is influenced by current use of SE services. Moreover, the study emphasizes the mediation effect of use between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and SE continuance intention.Research limitations/implicationsThe analysis of use behaviour should be complemented with other measures of use and with data provided by qualitative methods of research. Further research should also consider the effect of different control variables and mediation effects.Practical implicationsBrand managers and companies providing services through digital platforms should address individuals' needs in order to stimulate voluntary engagement in persistent SE practices.Social implicationsThis study informs the consumer in general so that the SE can develop its potential alongside an economy based on the ownership of private property.Originality/valueThis study extends findings on continuance intention research by offering internal motivation factors as predictors of post-adoption behaviour and emphasizes the role of use on SE continuance intention.

scholarly journals Inquiries into the role of economics in Canadian forestry

2002 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Luckert
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Social Forestry ◽  
Forest Economics ◽  
Structured Systems ◽  
Hard Time ◽  
Economic Forces

Forest economists have had a checkered history in showing their relevance to foresters in Canada. At the same time, foresters have sometimes seemed to ignore social considerations, identified by economists, in practices and policies. Although communication seems to be improving, there are still a number of divisive issues and associated viewpoints that inhibit the use of economics in forestry. In this paper, I investigate four hypotheses that could explain why forest economists and foresters in Canada have had such a hard time communicating. Hypothesis #1 is that economic concepts are irrelevant to forestry. Hypothesis #2 is that foresters are actually brilliant, but "dark side," economists that have structured systems to protect forests from economic forces. Hypothesis #3 is that foresters are "enlightened" economists that are catering to real social preferences that most economists do not understand. Hypothesis #4 is that forest economics may be relevant but is difficult within the contexts that it is practised. Analysis shows that while all hypotheses have elements of truth, the higher numbered hypotheses tend to be more supportable. Key words: relevance of forest economics, forest management, forest policy, social forestry, sustained yield

scholarly journals Social preferences during childhood and the role of gender and age — An experiment in Austria and Sweden

2011 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Martinsson ◽  
Katarina Nordblom ◽  
Daniela Rützler ◽  
Matthias Sutter
Keyword(s):  
Social Preferences ◽  
Gender And Age
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