Justice for Women and Children the ICC and the Peace Process in Northern Uganda

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pearl Karuhanga Atuhaire
Keyword(s):  
Peace Process ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Women And Children

scholarly journals Refugees, xenophobia, and domestic conflict

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Getmansky ◽  
Tolga Sınmazdemir ◽  
Thomas Zeitzoff
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Economic Competition ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Rebel Groups ◽  
Positive Message ◽  
Women And Children

What factors influence attitudes towards refugees? Do negative attitudes towards refugees also influence attitudes towards conflict in the host countries? Previous studies suggest that an influx of refugees, and locals’ reaction to them, may destabilize receiving countries and lead to conflict. In particular, actual or perceived negative effects of refugees’ presence, such as increased economic competition with the locals, disruption of ethnic balance in the host country, and arrival of people with ties to rebel groups may lead to an increased likelihood of civil conflict in countries that receive refugees. These effects can lead to instability by changing the locals’ incentives and opportunities of engaging in violence. Indeed, some studies find a positive correlation at the cross-national level between influx of refugees and conflict in receiving countries. We contribute to this literature by experimentally manipulating information about the externalities of hosting refugees. We conducted a survey-experiment in the summer of 2014 in Turkey, a country that hosts the largest number of Syrian refugees. We examine how different messages about the possible effects of hosting refugees – increased economic burden, disruption of ethnic balance, and ties with rebels, as well as a positive message of saving innocent women and children – affect locals’ perceptions of the refugees and their attitudes towards the Turkish-Kurdish peace process. We find that some messages cause locals, especially majority non-Kurds, to hold more negative views of the refugees, and in some cases to view them as a threat. Generally speaking, this information does not affect support for the peace process within Turkey. Rather, fundamental factors, such as partisanship, and previous exposure to conflict are better predictors of attitudes towards peace.

Peace Comes to Northern Uganda

2019 ◽  
pp. 155-186
Author(s):  
David A. Hoekema
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
International Criminal Court ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
The Hague ◽  
International Awareness ◽  
Ugandan Government

In the early 2000s the civil war in northern Uganda raged on, and ARLPI continued to pursue its goals of assistance to the war’s victims and advocacy for a resolution. Growing international awareness brought more humanitarian assistance and more pressure on the Ugandan government to end the suffering; but government attacks continued, and brutal reprisals followed. Indictment of LRA leaders by the International Criminal Court in The Hague complicated the peace process, because of fears of arrest and extradition. ARLPI and other concerned observers succeeded at last in convening peace talks in Juba in 2006, leading to the withdrawal of LRA forces from Uganda in the years following, in spite of the lack of any formally authorized agreement.

Iron and Malaria: Absorption, Efficacy and Safety

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (45) ◽  
pp. 279-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hurrell
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Malarial Parasite ◽  
Asymptomatic Malaria ◽  
Iron Supplements ◽  
Fortified Food ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Single Meal ◽  
Women And Children

Febrile malaria and asymptomatic malaria parasitemia substantially decrease iron absorption in single-meal, stable isotope studies in women and children, but to date there is no evidence of decreased efficacy of iron-fortified foods in malaria-endemic regions. Without inadequate malarial surveillance or health care, giving iron supplements to children in areas of high transmission could increase morbidity and mortality. The most likely explanation is the appearance of non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) in the plasma. NTBI forms when the rate of iron influx into the plasma exceeds the rate of iron binding to transferrin. Two studies in women have reported substantially increased NTBI with the ingestion of iron supplements. Our studies confirm this, but found no significant increase in NTBI on consumption of iron-fortified food. It seems likely that the malarial parasite in hepatocytes can utilize NTBI, but it cannot do so in infected erythrocytes. NTBI however may increase the sequestration of parasite-infected erythrocytes in capillaries. Bacteremia is common in children with severe malaria and sequestration in villi capillaries could lead to a breaching of the intestinal barrier, allowing the passage of pathogenic bacteria into the systemic circulation. This is especially important as frequent high iron doses increase the number of pathogens in the intestine at the expense of the barrier bacteria.

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