A Commitment Theory of Subsidy Agreements

There are two main theories of ontological commitment: the quantifier view, and the truthmaker view. Since there are some truths that apparently commit us to certain entities, but actually do not, any ontological commitment theory must also contain an ontological reduction theory. Advocates of the quantifier view propose the paraphrasing method of reduction, while some advocates of the truthmaker view propose the supervenience method. In this paper, after a brief discussion of the quantifier view, the author proposes a modified version of truthmaker-based ontology, and shows that a plausible account of the supervenience method can be deduced from his version. He then shows that the supervenience method could explain why the paraphrasing method is successful. The author also argues that according to the truthmaker view we must accept composite objects as something over and above the particles which constitute them.

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Commitment theory: do behaviors enhance the perceived attractiveness of tourism destinations?

Tourism Review ◽

10.1108/tr-03-2017-0058 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 73 (4) ◽

pp. 448-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Seohee Chang ◽

Paul Stansbie

Keyword(s):

Psychological Theory ◽

General Point ◽

Tourist Destination ◽

Content Type ◽

Tourist Attractions ◽

Tourism Destinations ◽

Number Of Visits ◽

Practical Implications ◽

Commitment Theory ◽

Perceived Attractiveness

PurposeA general point of commitment theory is that the more individuals behave in a certain way toward an entity, the more attractive they feel toward that entity. The main purpose of this study is to investigate whether an individual’s perceived attractiveness toward a tourist destination is enhanced by the number of actual visits to each different attraction within the destination, being controlled by satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachIn doing so, data were collected from 613 individuals at major tourist attractions and traffic centers in Daejeon Metropolitan City, South Korea. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to examine the findings, and the conclusions drawn indicate that there is a statistically significant relationship between the number of visits to different attractions and the perceived attractiveness of the destination, as well as the interaction effect between the number of visits to different attractions and satisfaction.FindingsThe results are supported by literature in the area of commitment theory, in which various authors state that attitudes are evoked by behaviors. Further examination of the findings and conclusions drawn are described in this paper.Practical implicationsThis mechanism should strategically be applied to practical implications to provide more accessible routes to a destination and a networking system. When visitors engage in a community in various ways, they are more likely to continue to engage in a community because they do not prefer to have intangible or tangible costs associated with disengagement.Originality/valueThis paper is the first application of the concept of commitment traced from its original psychological theory to the field of tourism. The effort justification paradigm of commitment theory postulates that if individuals work or study hard toward a specific goal, they gradually perceive the goal as attractive. This study found that the aforementioned paradigm shift is expanded to various types of behaviors, including that involving travel. This paper contributes to an in-depth understanding of the original commitment theory and its application to tourism.

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Understanding the determinants of guests’ behaviour to use green P2P accommodation

International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management ◽

10.1108/ijchm-09-2018-0755 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (9) ◽

pp. 3417-3446 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gomaa Agag

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Content Type ◽

Environmental Commitment ◽

Modeling Data ◽

The Uk ◽

Comprehensive Framework ◽

Commitment Theory

Purpose This study aims to develop and empirically test a comprehensive framework in which to understand the determinants of guests’ behavior to use green peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation in the UK P2P context by emerging the theory of planed behavior, environmental commitment theory and the value-belief-norm (VBN) theory into one model. Design/methodology/approach Adopting a quantitative approach, the present study proposes an integrated model integrating theory of planed behavior, environmental commitment theory and the VBN theory and subsequently tests the model using structural equation modeling data analysis. Data collected from 721 respondents were analyzed through (AMOS) to test the proposed model. Findings The results indicate that our integrated framework demonstrates a favorable level of prediction power for guests’ behavior, which verified the superiority of the suggested framework. Furthermore, the findings verified the moderating impact of guest attributes on guests decision regarding the booking process. Practical implications This study contributes to the existing theory and practice by offering important insights about determinants of guests’ behavior to use green P2P accommodation in the UK P2P context. Originality/value This research was the first to explore the determinants of guests’ behavior to use green P2P accommodation in the UK P2P context.

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We need behavioural ecology to explain the institutional authority of the gods

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x04340173 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 742-742

Author(s):

Chris Knight

Keyword(s):

Behavioural Ecology ◽

Institutional Authority ◽

Social Contracts ◽

Cognitive Theories ◽

Commitment Theory

Atran & Norenzayan (A&N) rightly criticize cognitive theories for failure to explain sacrifice and commitment. But their attempt to reconcile cognitivism with commitment theory is unconvincing. Why should imaginary entities be effective in punishing moral defectors? Heavy costs are entailed in enforcing community-wide social contracts, and behavioural ecology is needed to explain how and why evolving humans could afford these costs.

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Testing the commitment theory of cellular aging

Science ◽

10.1126/science.910134 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 198 (4315) ◽

pp. 366-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 119

Author(s):

R Holliday ◽

L. Huschtscha ◽

G. Tarrant ◽

T. Kirkwood

Keyword(s):

Cellular Aging ◽

Commitment Theory

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Public Broadcasting & Paid Membership: A Pilot Study to Assess the WNED Buffalo-Toronto Dilemma

10.32920/ryerson.14644806 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andrea-Jo Wilson

Keyword(s):

Organizational Commitment ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Web 2.0 ◽

Public Broadcasting ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Relational Models ◽

Brand Communities ◽

Public Broadcaster ◽

External Communications ◽

Commitment Theory

Using mutually-reinforcing components, this pilot study seeks to identify the barriers that are preventing viewers of WNED Buffalo-Toronto, a public broadcaster, from becoming paid members. A review of literature considers the changing nature of membership, the success of televangelism, and PBS’s own experience with paid membership. Drawing on organizational commitment theory, and the notional categories of membership developed by Gruen, Summers & Acito (2000), this study analyzes both the external communications documents produced by WNED and feedback from Canadian viewers, both members and non-members. From these results, the study makes three preliminary recommendations. It suggests that WNED take steps to increase the amount of coproduction implied in membership, that it begin investing in Web 2.0 to better leverage its content and foster brand communities, and that it augment membership with crowdfunding initiatives. The study concludes with the suggestion that membership is changing and that more relational models may be more attractive to viewers.

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Public Broadcasting & Paid Membership: A Pilot Study to Assess the WNED Buffalo-Toronto Dilemma

10.32920/ryerson.14644806.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andrea-Jo Wilson

Keyword(s):

Organizational Commitment ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Web 2.0 ◽

Public Broadcasting ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Relational Models ◽

Brand Communities ◽

Public Broadcaster ◽

External Communications ◽

Commitment Theory

Using mutually-reinforcing components, this pilot study seeks to identify the barriers that are preventing viewers of WNED Buffalo-Toronto, a public broadcaster, from becoming paid members. A review of literature considers the changing nature of membership, the success of televangelism, and PBS’s own experience with paid membership. Drawing on organizational commitment theory, and the notional categories of membership developed by Gruen, Summers & Acito (2000), this study analyzes both the external communications documents produced by WNED and feedback from Canadian viewers, both members and non-members. From these results, the study makes three preliminary recommendations. It suggests that WNED take steps to increase the amount of coproduction implied in membership, that it begin investing in Web 2.0 to better leverage its content and foster brand communities, and that it augment membership with crowdfunding initiatives. The study concludes with the suggestion that membership is changing and that more relational models may be more attractive to viewers.

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