scholarly journals Malthus in the Bedroom: Birth Spacing as a Preventive Check Mechanism in Pre-Modern England

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Cinnirella ◽  
Marc Klemp ◽  
Jacob Louis Weisdorf
Keyword(s):  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Preventive Check

scholarly journals Determinants of short birth interval among women in South Gondar, Ethiopia: community-based unmatched case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gedefaye Nibret Mihretie ◽  
Fentahun Yenealem Beyene ◽  
Bekalu Getnet Kassa ◽  
Alemu Degu Ayele ◽  
Tewachew Muche Liyeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Short Birth Interval ◽  
South Gondar ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The effect of short birth interval on socio-economic, negative maternal and child health outcomes remains common in developing countries. This study aimed to assess determinants of short birth interval among reproductive age women, who gave birth in health institution for last six-month in South Gondar, Ethiopia 2019. Methods Community-based unmatched case control study design was conducted from February 1 to March 30, 2019. Sample size of 150 was included by simple random sampling technique. The data was collected by semi-structured and pre-tested face to face interviewer-administered questionnaire from selected respondent. The collected data was entered with Epi-Data version 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 23 software. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were used to examine the association. Odds ratio, 95% CI and P-value < 0.05 were used to determine the statistical association. Result The mean age of the respondents was 32.42 (SD ± 5.14) and 35.12 (SD ± 5.86) for cases and controls, respectively. Mothers not used contraceptives (AOR = 6.29, 95% CI (1.95, 20.24)), participants who had ≤2 alive children (AOR = 5.57, 95% CI (1.47, 21.13)), mothers who breast fed less than 24 months (AOR = 3.42, 95% CI (1.38, 8.46)), husband decision on contraceptives utilization (AOR = 2.69,95% CI (1.05,6.88)) and mothers who did not have history of antenatal care follow up (AOR = 3.52, 95% CI (1.27, 9.75)) were associated with short birth interval. Conclusion The optimum birth spacing plays a vital role in decreasing fertility and the morbidity and mortality of mothers and children. Thus, providing health information on the benefit of breast feeding, follow-up of antenatal care during pregnancy, use of contraceptives after delivery and encouraging mothers to make decisions about their own health and use of contraceptives to optimize birth spacing for rural communities.

Nutrition before Conception and the Outcome of Pregnancy

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Arthur Wynn ◽  
McCarrison Society
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Pregnancy Failure ◽  
Direct Damage ◽  
Nutritional Science ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Nutritional Deficits ◽  
New Mutations

Close birth spacing increases the risk of miscarriage, congenital malformation and perinatal death because it does not give a mother time to recover from the nutritional depletion caused by the first pregnancy or time to recover a normal hormonal profile before the beginning of the next pregnancy. The placental vitamin pump causes maternal vitamin depletion. Nutritional deficits do more damage to reproduction around the time of conception than later during pregnancy. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies can cause not only direct damage to embryonic development but damage to both male and female germ cells resulting in new mutations before a conception. New mutations can cause pregnancy failure or maldevelopment of the embryo. The realisation that nutritional deficits can be mutagenic opened a new chapter in nutritional science. Some nutrients are antimutagenic and already act as such within the digestive tract, but foods contain many other antimutagenic substances. The juices of many fresh vegetables in particular are antimutagenic.

PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK IBU DAN PELAYANAN ANTENATAL CARE TERHADAP KEJADIAN BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH DI KLINIK PRATAMA BERTA TAHUN 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Juliana Ambarita ◽  
Merlina Sinabariba
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Number Of Visits ◽  
Maternity Clinic

Babies born with low birth weight (LBW) are babies born with weight ≤ 2500 grams. The causes of LBW are age, birth spacing, education, antenatal care. Goals : This study aims to analyze the influence of mother characteristics (education, maternal age, age of pregnancy, parity and distance between births) and antenatal care service (ANC) (number of visits and 7T examination components) to events at Primary Maternity Clinic Berta. Methods : This type of research is an observational research using cross sectional design approach. The population is all mothers giving birth at Maternity Clinic Pratama Berta 172 people. The sample amounted to 153 people with simple random sampling technique. Analysis of data with Chi Square and Multiple Logistic Regression (multiple logistic regression). Result : The results showed that the incidence of BBLR of 11.1%. Multiple logistic regression results stated the distance between births (p = 0.027) and the number of visits (p = 0.042) had an effect on the occurrence of LBW. The Exp value (B) of the birth distance is 3.386, so it can be concluded that pregnant women whose birth distance <24 months have 3 times greater probability of baby experiencing LBW and Exp (B) ANC service amounted to 8,496, so it can be concluded that pregnant women His ANC service is not good has a probability 8,496 times larger the baby has LBW. Conclution : For Employees at the Maternity Clinic, Berta provides easy access to ANC services and conducts reproductive health education for pregnant women about the health of pregnant women, the importance of ANC testing during pregnancy and the importance of using long-term contraceptives to regulate birth spacing.

Child Survivorship and Pregnancy Spacing in Iran

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Janowitz ◽  
Douglas J. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Previous Pregnancy ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Pregnancy Spacing ◽  
Pregnancy Intervals ◽  
Using Data

SummaryUsing data collected over a 12-month period (1977–78) from more than 15,000 hospital deliveries at a single maternity hospital in Tehran, Iran, we have examined the effects of previous pregnancy outcomes, breast-feeding and contraceptive use on birth spacing. The outcomes of previous pregnancies, particularly the most recent, significantly affect the length of the pregnancy interval, and so does breast-feeding. Pregnancy outcomes influence both breast-feeding and subsequent contraceptive behaviour, and breast-feeding adds to the degree of protection against pregnancy afforded by conventional contraception. Improved survivorship increases the length of pregnancy intervals most when it results in increased use of contraception and when breast-feeding is commonly practised for extended periods.

Positive Check or Chinese Checks?

2002 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Lee ◽  
Cameron Campbell ◽  
Wang Feng
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
European Population ◽  
Population History ◽  
Late Imperial China ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Preventive Check ◽  
Demographic Behavior ◽  
English Population

As recently as twenty-five years ago, there were virtually no demographers of China and there was little available data on Chinese demographic behavior. Thus in spite of intense interest in China's population dating back at least to Malthus (1766–1834), his initial understanding, or rather misunderstanding, of Chinese population dynamics remains dominant. While recent research on European population history has confirmed Malthus's observations that European, or at least English, population size was controlled largely by the preventive check, nuptiality, the absence of similar studies of Chinese population history ironically facilitated the persistence of a Malthusian hypothesis that Chinese population size was controlled largely by the positive check, mortality. It is a tribute to the elegance and power of the Malthusian orthodoxy that in spite of the lack of information on Chinese historic demographic behavior and economic performance, many of the most distinguished Western scholars of late imperial China continue to interpret social and economic processes in China during the last three hundred years in Malthusian or neo-Malthusian terms (Elvin 1973; Chao 1986; Huang 1990).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document