Economic Appraisal of Hard Wheat Production in Eastern Japan

<em>Wheat is an alternative food product that contains high carbohydrate, which is currently consumed by many Indonesian people in order to substitute their staple food of rice. However, Indonesia must import large amount of this product, and during the last decade the imported volume has dramatically increased. In 2008 the imported wheat reached 4.9 million tons. Since 2001, Indonesian Government has developed domestic wheat agribusiness which aimed to establish industrial villages of domestic wheat production. However, due to some obstacles, the program is not successful yet. Therefore, it is needed to study the competitive position of wheat agribusiness in Indonesia. The study’s objectives are (1) to portrait the current domestic wheat agribusiness in Indonesia, (2) to analyze the domestic wheat competitive position, and (3) to formulate strategy for developing domestic wheat agribusiness in Indonesia as an effort to fulfill some part of domestic wheat demand and to build industrial villages of wheat production. The study was conducted in 2009. Data have been analyzed by using the frame of Porter’s Diamond Theory in order to find out the competitive position of Indonesian domestic wheat agribusiness. Afterwards, SWOT analysis is used to investigate internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats of Indonesian wheat agribusiness in order to formulate the developing strategies. Finally, the approach of strategic architecture is used to arrange the formulated strategies where it can be easier to get the picture. The conclusion of Porter’s Diamond analysis showed that each subsystems of domestic wheat agribusiness in Indonesia still do not support one to another, therefore, its competitiveness becomes weak. In order to strengthen its competitiveness, domestic wheat agribusiness needs to be developed more properly by paying attention to development strategies which have been consciously formulated and put in mapping of strategic architecture.</em>

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Global nitrogen budgets in cereals: A 50-year assessment for maize, rice, and wheat production systems.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.726082276.793570548 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Cory Cleveland

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Nitrogen Budgets ◽

Wheat Production

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Diagnosing wheat production problems

Journal of Agronomic Education ◽

10.2134/jae1989.0111 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 111-114

Author(s):

J. P. Shroyer ◽

H. L. Brooks ◽

D. A. Whitney ◽

E. B. Nilson ◽

W. G. Willis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wheat Production ◽

Production Problems

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Spatial Variability of Rainfed Wheat Production Under the Influence of Topography and Soil Properties in Loess-Derived Soils, Northern Iran

International Journal of Plant Production ◽

10.1007/s42106-020-00106-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 597-608

Author(s):

Mohammad Ajami ◽

Ahmad Heidari ◽

Farhad Khormali ◽

Mojtaba Zeraatpisheh ◽

Manouchehr Gorji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Northern Iran ◽

Wheat Production ◽

Rainfed Wheat

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Evolution of Sex Chromosome Heteromorphy in Geographic Populations of the Japanese Tago’s Brown Frog Complex

Cytogenetic and Genome Research ◽

10.1159/000512964 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Chiao Kuwana ◽

Hiroyuki Fujita ◽

Masataka Tagami ◽

Takanori Matsuo ◽

Ikuo Miura

Keyword(s):

Sex Chromosomes ◽

Sex Chromosome ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

Population Level ◽

Chromosome 7 ◽

Geographic Population ◽

Geographic Populations ◽

Western Japan ◽

Brown Frog ◽

Eastern Japan

The sex chromosomes of most anuran amphibians are characterized by homomorphy in both sexes, and evolution to heteromorphy rarely occurs at the species or geographic population level. Here, we report sex chromosome heteromorphy in geographic populations of the Japanese Tago’s brown frog complex (2n = 26), comprising Rana sakuraii and R. tagoi. The sex chromosomes of R. sakuraii from the populations in western Japan were homomorphic in both sexes, whereas chromosome 7 from the populations in eastern Japan were heteromorphic in males. Chromosome 7 of R. tagoi, which is distributed close to R. sakuraii in eastern Japan, was highly similar in morphology to the Y chromosome of R. sakuraii. Based on this and on mitochondrial gene sequence analysis, we hypothesize that in the R. sakuraii populations from eastern Japan the XY heteromorphic sex chromosome system was established by the introduction of chromosome 7 from R. tagoi via interspecies hybridization. In contrast, chromosome 13 of R. tagoi from the 2 large islands in western Japan, Shikoku and Kyushu, showed a heteromorphic pattern of constitutive heterochromatin distribution in males, while this pattern was homomorphic in females. Our study reveals that sex chromosome heteromorphy evolved independently at the geographic lineage level in this species complex.

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