scholarly journals Rubble Women: The Long-Term Effects of Postwar Reconstruction on Female Labor Market Outcomes

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mevlude Akbulut-Yuksel ◽  
Melanie Khamis ◽  
Mutlu Yuksel
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Postwar Reconstruction

Keeping Kids in School: The Long-Term Effects of Extending Compulsory Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-271
Author(s):  
Mahmoud A. A. Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
School Reform ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Compulsory Schooling ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Years Of Schooling

This paper uses a natural experiment from Egypt to examine the effect of extending compulsory schooling on long-term educational and labor market outcomes. Beginning in school year 2004–05, the Egyptian government extended primary education from five to six years, moving from an eight-year compulsory schooling system to a nine-year system. Using a regression discontinuity design, I examine whether the compulsory schooling expansion affects years of schooling, literacy and cognitive skills, post-primary attendance, and labor market outcomes of individuals born just around the 1992 school entry cutoff. The results suggest that an extra year of compulsory education increases total years of schooling by 0.6 to 0.8 years. This effect, however, is concentrated among male individuals. In particular, I find that the school reform increases the schooling gap between male and female students by somewhere between 0.30 and 0.48 years. I also find no effect of expanding compulsory education on individuals’ literacy skills, schooling beyond the primary education level, or labor market outcomes. There is some evidence, however, that the school reform has improved reading and self-reported writing skills among male individuals.

scholarly journals The Long-Term Effects of Long Terms – Compulsory Schooling Reforms in Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2776-2823
Author(s):  
Martin Fischer ◽  
Martin Karlsson ◽  
Therese Nilsson ◽  
Nina Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Instructional Time ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Compulsory Schooling ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Term Length ◽  
Annual Term ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We evaluate the impact on earnings, pensions, and further labor market outcomes of two parallel educational reforms increasing instructional time in Swedish primary school. The reforms extended the annual term length and years of compulsory schooling by comparable amounts. We find striking differences in the effects of the two reforms: at 5% the returns to the term length extension were sizeable and benefited broad ranges of the population. The compulsory schooling extension had small (2%) albeit significant effects, which were possibly driven by an increase in post-compulsory schooling. Both reforms led to increased sorting into occupations with heavy reliance on basic skills and the term extension reduced the gender gap in employment and earnings.

scholarly journals Breaking the Glass Ceiling? The Effect of Board Quotas on Female Labor Market Outcomes in Norway

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Bertrand ◽  
Sandra Black ◽  
Sissel Jensen ◽  
Adriana Lleras-Muney
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Glass Ceiling ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Market Outcomes

scholarly journals Are there long-term benefits from early childhood education in low- and middle-income countries?

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
M. Najeeb Shafiq ◽  
Amanda Devercelli ◽  
Alexandria Valerio
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Middle Income Countries

We examine the relationship between participation in early childhood education (ECE) and various long-term outcomes: post-ECE educational attainment, the development of both cognitive and socioemotional skills, and labor market outcomes. The data are from the recent Skills Toward Employability and Productivity surveys of urban adults in 12 low- and middle-income countries. Using OLS regression and propensity score matching techniques, we find suggestive evidence of long-term benefits across countries, as well as mixed evidence within countries. Notably, we find positive and statistically significant associations between ECE participation and post-ECE educational attainment (a mean of 0.9 additional years across countries). We find relatively fewer cases of positive associations between ECE and long-term socioemotional outcomes. The evidence on ECE and labor market outcomes is varied, with positive associations for skill-use but weak associations with earnings. Such mixed results suggest that improvements in the quality of ECE programs are necessary for realizing the full range of long-term benefits. 

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