CANDID Specification of Commercial and Financial Contracts: A Formal Semantics Approach to Knowledge Representation, Part I: Syntax & Formal Semantics of CANDID

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Financial Contracts

scholarly journals Configuration knowledge representations for Semantic Web applications

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER FELFERNIG ◽  
GERHARD FRIEDRICH ◽  
DIETMAR JANNACH ◽  
MARKUS STUMPTNER ◽  
MARKUS ZANKER
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Description Logic ◽  
Predicate Logic ◽  
Description Logics ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
Configuration Problem

Today's economy exhibits a growing trend toward highly specialized solution providers cooperatively offering configurable products and services to their customers. This paradigm shift requires the extension of current standalone configuration technology with capabilities of knowledge sharing and distributed problem solving. In this context a standardized configuration knowledge representation language with formal semantics is needed in order to support knowledge interchange between different configuration environments. Languages such as Ontology Inference Layer (OIL) and DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML+OIL) are based on such formal semantics (description logic) and are very popular for knowledge representation in the Semantic Web. In this paper we analyze the applicability of those languages with respect to configuration knowledge representation and discuss additional demands on expressivity. For joint configuration problem solving it is necessary to agree on a common problem definition. Therefore, we give a description logic based definition of a configuration problem and show its equivalence with existing consistency-based definitions, thus joining the two major streams in knowledge-based configuration (description logics and predicate logic/constraint based configuration).

Collectivist semantics

2021 ◽  
pp. 303-319
Author(s):  
Dick Crouch ◽  
Aikaterini-Lida Kalouli
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Computational Implementation ◽  
Graphical Knowledge

The Graphical Knowledge Representation was introduced as a graph-based semantic representation for natural language. Although its computational implementation has already been presented, a formal account for the semantics behind the representation is still missing. This chapter seeks to fill this gap by proposing a formal semantics for the representation. The main proposal of the semantics is to take concepts, and not individuals, as primitive and thus achieve a fine-grained intensional semantics. This chapter explores how such a collectivist semantics can come about and how it can be employed within the Graphical Knowledge Representation.

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