Persistent Poverty Among African Americans in the United States: The Impact of Public Policy

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne M Cooper
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
African Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Persistent Poverty ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Magnitude of the Impact of HIV on the Human Beings in the World’s Richest Country, America: The Misery of African Americans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muse Abdi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
The Impact

Disproportionate rates of HIV infection among African Americans is an increasing concern in the United States. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of HIV prevention programs on African Americans and social determinants fueling HIV-related risk behaviors. Using literature, this study analyzed the incidences of HIV infection among African Americans in the United States and the effectiveness of the prevention programs. African Americans struggle with mass incarceration, drugs, stigma, criminalization, and lack of economic opportunities, which contribute to the HIV-related risk behaviors. The existing traditional prevention programs in place are not working for African Americans. Tailored and culturally relevant programs should be designed and implemented. Further studies are needed to establish the causal relationships and develop preventive measures.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Sarah Esther Lageson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Due Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prison Sentence ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Valuable Data ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Data Points ◽  
The Impact

Data-driven criminal justice creates millions of records each year in the United States. Documenting everything from a police stop to a prison sentence, these records take on a digital life of their own as they are collected and posted by police, courts, and prisons, and then re-posted on social media and websites, and bought and sold by data brokers as an increasingly valuable data commodity. The result is “digital punishment,” where mere suspicion or a brush with the law can have lasting consequences. This analysis describes the transformation of criminal records into millions of data points, the commodification of this data into a valuable digital resource, and the impact of this shift on people, society, and public policy. The consequences of digital punishment, as described in hundreds of interviews detailed in this book, lead people to purposefully opt out of society as they cope with privacy and due process violations.

Maximizing Autonomy: Reforming Personal Support Laws in Sweden and the United States

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley S. Herr
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Support Services ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mental Disabilities ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
Personal Assistants ◽  
The Impact

Reforming outmoded systems of guardianship requires that governments assess personal support and related services. U.S. policy-makers and reformers in individual states have begun to question how current guardianship laws may disempower individuals with mental disabilities. This article explores some remarkable legal and public policy innovations in Sweden that replace guardianship with personal support services such as mentors, administrators, “kontakt” persons, and personal assistants. It then examines the impact of Sweden's reforms on the autonomy, independence, and integration of its citizens and discusses possibilities for similar changes worldwide.

Why African Americans Are a Potential Target for COVID-19 Infection in the United States (USA). (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Hamidian Jahromi ◽  
Anahid Hamidianjahromi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Exponential Phase ◽  
The Impact

UNSTRUCTURED While WHO has officially announced that COVID-19 outbreak reaching a pandemic level, things have significantly changed inside USA, as this infection spread has reached its exponential phase. A stringent analysis of the COVID-19 epidemiologic data requires much more time and would generally be expected to happen after the exponential phase of the disease is over and when the focus of the health-care system is diverted away from crisis-management. Although much is said about high-risk groups and the vulnerability of elderly and patients with underlying comorbidities, the impact of race and its implications on susceptibility of ethnic minorities in indigent societies towards COVID-19 has not been discussed. There are currently some data on disparities between African American and Caucasians for COVID-19 infection and mortality. While the health-care authorities are reorganizing their resources and the infrastructure to provide care for the COVID-19 symptomatic patients, they should not shy away from protecting the general public as a whole and specifically the most vulnerable members of society, such as the elderly, ethnic minorities, and people with underlying comorbidities as well as African Americans.

African American Civil Rights Movements to End Slavery, Racism and Oppression in the Post Slavery Era: A Critique of Booker T. Washington’s Integration Ideology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Issue 3) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Nancy Bwalya Lungu ◽  
Alice Dhliwayo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Civil Rights Movements ◽  
The Impact

The Transatlantic Slave trade began during the 15th century when Portugal and subsequently other European kingdoms were able to expand overseas and reach Africa. The Portuguese first began to kidnap people from the West Coast of Africa and took those that they enslaved to Europe. This saw a lot of African men and women transported to Europe and America to work on the huge plantations that the Whites owned. The transportation of these Africans exposed them to inhumane treatments which they faced even upon the arrival at their various destinations. The emancipation Proclamation signed on 1st January 1863 by the United States President Abraham Lincoln saw a legal stop to slave trade. However, the African Americans that had been taken to the United States and settled especially in the Southern region faced discrimination, segregation, violence and were denied civil rights through segregation laws such as the Jim Crow laws and lynching, based on the color of their skin. This forced them especially those that had acquired an education to rise up and speak against this treatment. They formed Civil Rights Movements to advocate for Black rights and equal treatment. These protracted movements, despite continued violence on Blacks, Culminated in Barack Obama being elected the first African American President of the United States of America. To cement the victory, he won a second term, which Donald Trump failed to obtain. This paper sought to critic the philosophies of Booker T. Washington in his civil rights movement, particularly his ideologies of integration, self-help, racial solidarity and accommodation as expressed in his speech, “the Atlanta Compromise,” and the impact this had on the political and civil rights arena for African Americans.

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