scholarly journals Total Instructional Time Exposure and Student Achievement: An Extreme Bounds Analysis Based on German State-Level Variation

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Mandel ◽  
Bernd Süssmuth
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
State Level ◽  
Instructional Time ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
German State ◽  
Time Exposure ◽  
Extreme Bounds Analysis

Cumulative instructional time and student achievement

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Mandel ◽  
Bernd Süssmuth ◽  
Marco Sunder
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Instructional Time

scholarly journals Employment Discrimination Charge Rates: Variation and Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237802312110643
Author(s):  
Donald Tomaskovic-Devey ◽  
Carly McCann
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Employment Discrimination ◽  
State Level ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Legal Representation ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Rights Consciousness

The authors document variation in charge rates by demographic basis, observe basis and spatial variation in charge rates, and examine potential sources of this variation. The authors find that discrimination charge rates are much higher for the disabled and African Americans than for women, people older than 40 years, Hispanics, Asians, immigrants, and men, and there is dramatic state-level variation in charge rates. Possible explanations for this variation include access to legal representation, post-complaint employer retaliation, job loss, rights consciousness, and variations in charge outcomes. Findings point toward regulatory outcomes mandating changes in employer behavior as the only robust antecedent to discrimination charge filing. Unfortunately remedies targeting employer behavior are rare, while employer retaliation and firing are common. Neither access to law nor the frequency of monetary damages are associated with charge filing. Rights consciousness is associated with more discrimination charge filings, but only on the bases of disability.

State-Level Variation in the Association Between Educational Attainment and Sleep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor Sheehan ◽  
Anna Zajacova ◽  
Dylan Connor ◽  
Jennifer Karas Montez
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
State Level ◽  
Level Variation

State-Level Variation in Inferior Vena Cava Filter Utilization Across Medicare and Commercially Insured Populations

2019 ◽  
Vol 212 (6) ◽  
pp. 1385-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Kishore ◽  
Michal Horný ◽  
Andrew B. Rosenkrantz ◽  
Jennifer Hemingway ◽  
Danny R. Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava Filter ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
State Level ◽  
Vena Cava Filter ◽  
Level Variation

scholarly journals National trends and state-level variation in the duration of incoming quitline calls to 1-800-QUIT-NOW during 2012–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Nathan Mann ◽  
Ann Malarcher ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Asma Shaikh ◽  
Jesse Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
State Level ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Call Duration ◽  
Incoming Call ◽  
Using Data ◽  
National Trends ◽  
Delivery Models ◽  
Call Volume

AbstractIntroductionThe duration of incoming quitline calls may serve as a crude proxy for the potential amount of reactive counseling provided.AimsTo explore whether call duration may be useful for monitoring quitline capacity and service delivery.MethodsUsing data on the duration of incoming quitline calls to 1-800-QUIT-NOW from 2012 through 2015, we examined national trends and state-level variation in average call duration. We estimated a regression model of average call duration as a function of total incoming calls, nationally and by state, controlling for confounders.ResultsFrom 2012 through 2015, average call duration was 11.4 min, nationally, and was 10 min or longer in 33 states. Average call duration was significantly correlated with quitline service provider. Higher incoming call volume was significantly associated with lower average call duration in 32 states and higher average call duration in five states (P-value <0.05). The relationship between call volume and call duration was not correlated with quitline service provider.ConclusionsVariation in average call duration across states likely reflects different service delivery models. Average call duration was associated with call volume in many states. Significant changes in call duration may highlight potential quitline capacity issues that warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Declining regional disparities in mortality in the context of persisting large inequalities in economic conditions: the case of Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 486-496
Author(s):  
Alyson A van Raalte ◽  
Sebastian Klüsener ◽  
Anna Oksuzyan ◽  
Pavel Grigoriev
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
State Level ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
German State ◽  
Federal States ◽  
German Federal States ◽  
Regional Mortality ◽  
East West ◽  
Economic Inequalities

Abstract Background Subnational regional mortality inequalities are large and appear to be mostly increasing within industrialized countries, although comparative studies across high-income countries are scarce. Germany is an important country to examine because it continues to experience considerable economic disparities between its federal states, in part resulting from its former division. Methods We analyse state-level mortality in Germany utilizing data from a newly constructed regional database based on the methodology of the Human Mortality Database. We compare time trends (1991–2015) in the German state-level standard deviation in life expectancy to that of other large, wealthy countries and examine the association between mortality and economic inequalities at the regional level. Finally, using contour-decomposition methods, we investigate the degree to which age patterns of mortality are converging across German federal states. Results Regional inequalities in life expectancy in Germany are comparatively low internationally, particularly among women, despite high state-level inequalities in economic conditions. These low regional mortality inequalities emerged 5–10 years after reunification. Mortality is converging over most ages between the longest- and shortest-living German state populations and across the former East–West political border, with the exception of an emerging East–West divergence in mortality among working-aged men. Conclusions The German example shows that large regional economic inequalities are not necessarily paralleled with large regional mortality disparities. Future research should investigate the factors that fostered the emergence of this unusual pattern in Germany.

scholarly journals State-level variation of initial COVID-19 dynamics in the United States

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e0240648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Easton R. White ◽  
Laurent Hébert-Dufresne
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Level Variation

scholarly journals United States State-Level Variation in the Use of Neuraxial Analgesia During Labor for Pregnant Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. e186567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Butwick ◽  
Jason Bentley ◽  
Cynthia A. Wong ◽  
Jonathan M. Snowden ◽  
Eric Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
State Level ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Neuraxial Analgesia

scholarly journals State-level variation in conservation investment by a major nongovernmental organization

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isla S. Fishburn ◽  
Peter Kareiva ◽  
Kevin J. Gaston ◽  
Karl L. Evans ◽  
Paul R. Armsworth
Keyword(s):  
State Level ◽  
Nongovernmental Organization ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Conservation Investment
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document