ESI Group: Is the Price Right?

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis E. Pereiro
Keyword(s):  
Esi Group

scholarly journals Numerical Verification of Tests on the Influence of the Imposed Thermal Cycles on the Structure and Properties of the S700MC Heat-Affected Zone

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kik ◽  
Jacek Górka ◽  
Aleksandra Kotarska ◽  
Tomasz Poloczek
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Numerical Verification ◽  
Resistance Heating ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Thermal Cycles ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Esi Group

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of simulated thermal cycles parameters on the structure and properties of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of thermo-mechanically rolled S700MC steel. For this purpose, resistance heating tests of the tested samples were carried out to determine the effect of maximum temperatures of the imposed thermal cycles with different maximum temperatures at a constant cooling time in the temperature range between 800 and 500 °C (t8/5) and to study the influence of changes of this time on the structure and hardness as well as the tensile strength, elongation and toughness of the simulated HAZ in S700MC steel. The results of the tests, were supported by the results of finite element method (FEM) analyses in the VisualWeld (SYSWELD Code) software of the ESI Group. Selected heat distributions during heating, distributions of individual metallurgical phases and hardness were compared with results from real tests. On the basis of the results presented, an attempt was made to explain the decrease in mechanical and plastic properties in the HAZ area caused by the influence of the welding heat cycle.

Investigation on Weld Induced Distortion of Butt and T-Joints Using Thermo-Elastic-FEM and Experimental Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 314-316 ◽  
pp. 327-330
Author(s):  
Mohd Shahar Sulaiman ◽  
Yupiter H.P. Manurung ◽  
M. Ridhwan ◽  
N. L. Robert ◽  
M.A.R. Ridzwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Welding Distortion ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
T Joints ◽  
Weld Planner ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
Esi Group

In this paper, the capability of linear thermo-elastic numerical analysis method to estimate the welding deformations was investigated. The weld induced deformation is considered as the major stumbling block that can affect the dimensional accuracy. Based on this fact, welding distortion is necessarily to be predicted, if experimental investigation becomes expensive, to minimize the negative effects, improve the quality of welded parts and finally to reduce production cost. In this study, the welding distortions on butt and T-joints with thicknesses of 4 mm and 6 mm were simulated using relatively new FEM software WELD PLANNER developed by ESI Group. The material used for the simulation was low Carbon steel. By comparing the results between simulation and experiment, it was found out that this software provided immediate solution for computational analysis time and was capable to predict the distortion within acceptable accuracy.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of crashworthiness parameters for design optimization of an automotive crash-box

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Prabhaharan S. A. ◽  
G. Balaji ◽  
Krishnamoorthy Annamalai
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Frontal Impacts ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Esi Group

Automotive manufacturers rely on rigorous testing and simulations to construct their vehicles durable and safe in all aspects. One such vital factor is crash safety, otherwise known as crashworthiness. Crash tests are conventional forms of non-destructive methods to validate the vehicle for its crashworthiness and compatibility based on different operating conditions. The frontal impact test is the most primary form of crash test, which focuses on improving passenger's safety and comfort. According to NHTSA, a vehicle is rated based on these safety criteria, for which automobile manufacturers conduct a plethora of crash-related studies. Numerical simulation aids them in cutting down testing time and overall cost endured by providing a reliable amount of insights into the process. The current study is aimed at improving the crashworthiness of a crash box in a lightweight passenger car, such that it becomes more energy absorbent in terms of frontal impacts. All necessary parameters such as energy absorption, mean crush force, specific energy absorption, crush force efficiencies are evaluated based on analytical and finite element methods. There was a decent agreement between the analytical and simulation results, with an accuracy of 97%. The crashworthiness of the crash box was improved with the help of DOE-based response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM approach helped in improving the design of the crash box with enhanced EA & CFE by 30% and 8.8% respectively. The investigation of design variables on the energy absorption capacity of the thin-walled structure was also done. For the axial impact simulations, finite element solver Virtual Performance Solution − Pam Crash from the ESI group is used.

scholarly journals The Effects of Cannabis Use Frequency and Episodic Specificity Training on the Recall of Specific and Rewarding Events

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Sofis ◽  
Shea M. Lemley ◽  
Alan J. Budney
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Cognitive Vulnerability ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Frequency Group ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Importance Ratings ◽  
Esi Group

Background: Growing evidence implicates subjective episodic memory, the retrieval of detailed, integrated, and personally relevant past events, as a marker of cognitive vulnerability in mental disorders. Frequent and problematic cannabis use is associated with deficits in objective episodic memory (verbal memory), but the relationship between subjective episodic memory deficits and frequency of cannabis use is unknown. Further, whether a brief intervention designed to enhance the specificity of event retrieval, such as the Episodic Specificity Induction (ESI), might effectively target such deficits among regular cannabis users is unexamined. This study was designed to examine subjective episodic memory as a potential marker of cognitive vulnerability among frequent cannabis users.Methods: Active cannabis users (n = 133) recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk or Qualtrics Panels were randomized to receive an ESI-control or ESI session and were separated into those who used cannabis 1–25 days in the past month (low to moderate frequency group) and those who used 26–30 days (high frequency group), which facilitated a low to moderate use/ESI-control group (n = 78), low to moderate use/ESI group (n =15), high-use/ESI-control group (n = 20), and high-use/ESI group (n = 20). Following the ESI or ESI-control intervention, participants selected four, positive events from the prior day, described the who, what, and where of the events, and rated how specific (vividness) and rewarding (enjoyable, importance, and exciting) each event was on a 0–100 scale. Four two-way ANCOVAs (demographics and problematic cannabis use covariates) were performed to examine the effects of frequency of cannabis use group and ESI group on the specificity and reward ratings.Results: Lower vividness and excitement ratings were reported for those with high relative to low to moderate cannabis use frequency patterns (p < 0.05). Those who received ESI reported greater vividness, excitement, and importance ratings than the ESI-control group (p < 0.01). No significant interactions between frequency and ESI were found.Conclusion: Findings from the current exploratory study provide initial evidence suggesting that more frequent cannabis use may be associated with the retrieval of less specific and rewarding events relative to less frequent users. Further, ESI may improve such deficits. Future studies that recruit larger and more clinically serious samples of cannabis users appear warranted.

Natural History of Exit-Site Infection (ESI) in Patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD)

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgi Abraham ◽  
Evgeije Savin ◽  
Anthony Ayiomamitis ◽  
Sharron Izatt ◽  
Stephen I. Vas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Exit Site ◽  
Exit Site Infection ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Serous Discharge ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
Esi Group

One hundred and thirty-one patients were started on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) between January 1984 and June 1987. They ranged in age from 14 to 82 years (mean 52.8). Sixty patients (1914 patient months) developed 133 episodes of exit-site infection (ESI), an incidence of one episode per 14.4 patient months. Sixty-six episodes were purulent and 67 were nonpurulent (redness, crust, or serous discharge). In diminishing order of frequency, the bacteria isolated were Staph. aureus, Staph. epidermidis, Pseudomonas, and diphtheroids. The probability for remaining free of ESI was 54% at one year and 22% at three years. Factors like single or double-cuff catheters, diabetes, and sex did not influence the development of ESI. Recurrence was common especially in purulent ESI, and medical or surgical treatment did not eradicate the infection. Patients with purulent ESI had a higher incidence of peritonitis than those with no ESI-one episode per 8.1 patient months vs. one episode per 20.9 patient months. In the ESI group, of the 154 catheters implanted, 24 (15.6%) were removed; five were lost without ESI (3%). The main cause leading to catheter removal in the ESI group were Staph. aureus and Pseudomonas infections. Peritonitis following ESI was not necessarily due to the organisms isolated from the ESI.

scholarly journals Assessment of inter-observer reliability of two five-level triage and acuity scales: a randomized controlled trial

CJEM ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Worster ◽  
Nicki Gilboy ◽  
Christopher M. Fernandes ◽  
David Eitel ◽  
Kevin Eva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Emergency Severity Index ◽  
Observer Reliability ◽  
Refresher Training ◽  
Emergency Department Triage ◽  
Resource Intensity ◽  
Esi Group

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Emergency Severity Index (ESI©) is an initial measure of patient assessment in the emergency department (ED). It rates patients based on acuity and predicted resource intensity from Level 1 (most ill) to Level 5 (least resource intensive). Already implemented and evaluated in several US hospitals, ESI has yet to be evaluated in a Canadian setting or compared with the fivelevel Canadian Emergency Department Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS). Objective: To compare the inter-observer reliability of 2 five-level triage and acuity scales. Methods: Ten triage nurses, who had all been trained in the use of CTAS, from 4 urban, academic Canadian EDs were randomly assigned either to training in ESI version 3 (ESI v.3) or to refresher training in CTAS. They independently assigned triage scores to 200 emergency cases, unaware of the rating by the other nurses. Results: Number of years of nursing practice was the only significant demographic difference found between the 2 groups (p = 0.014). A quadratically weighted kappa to measure the inter-observer reliability of the CTAS group was 0.91 (0.90, 0.99) and not significantly different from that of the ESI group 0.89 (0.88, 0.99). An inter-test generalizability (G) study performed on the variance components derived from an analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed G(5) = 0.90 (0.82, 0.99). Conclusions: After 3 hours of training, experienced triage nurses were able to perform triage assessments using ESI v.3 with the same inter-observer reliability as those with experience and refresher training in using the CTAS.

scholarly journals Experimental and simulation study of phase transformation in thermite welded railway steel heat-affected zone regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Kittichai Sojiphan
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Rail Steel ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heat Transfer Process ◽  
Metallic Compounds ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Esi Group ◽  
Welding Processes

Rail transportation has been an emerging and promising transportation method for economic development in Thailand and several countries. Thermite welding is one of the major welding and joining processes used to weld rail steel both during construction and maintenance. Unlike most welding processes in which heat is generated by electrical energy, thermite welding use heat generated during the chemical reactions between iron oxide and aluminum or other metallic compounds to create the weld. The amount of heat generated is thus depended on the composition and ratios of iron oxide, aluminum, as well as other metallic compounds mixed in the thermite powder. In addition, the size, shape, and material used for thermite mold could also play an important role in the heat transfer process during thermite welding of rail steel. In this research, SYSWELD software developed by ESI Group is used to perform thermal-mechanical-metallurgical welding simulation during thermite welding of rail steel. The current article presents that research methodology used to formulate the prediction of microstructure developed in the heat-affected zone regions of thermite welding of railway steel. It is noted that this work attempts to evaluate how preheat, heat generation during chemical reaction, and possible post-weld heat treatment could be performed to controlled the microstructure of pearlitic rail steel using SYSWELD software. The results of this on-going research will be used as the baseline for future development of structural integrity program for improving joining of rail steel such as the design and selection of welding processes and materials involved for rail construction, especially when appropriate grades and welding procedures of rail steels must be chosen and developed to withstand the actual loading conditions.

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