Political Market Failure? The Effect of Government Strength on Technology Policy in Industrialized Democracies

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra E. Cirone ◽  
Johannes Urpelainen
Keyword(s):  
Market Failure ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Political Market ◽  
Industrialized Democracies

scholarly journals Science and Technology Policy in Latino America Countries: A Panel Data approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
José Carlos Rodríguez Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Science And Technology Policy ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
Innovative Capabilities ◽  
Efficient Route ◽  
Innovation Practices

This paper analyzes science and technology policy in Latino America. Making use of panel data methods, we test for successful science and technology policy, and sup­porting innovation practices in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico. There are three paradigms that explain science and technology policy: the market failure paradigm, the mission paradigm, and the cooperative technology paradigm. The market failu­re paradigm assumes that market mechanisms will lead to optimal rates of science production and technical change. The mission technology paradigm assumes that governments may play an important role in the programmatic mission of agencies. The cooperative technology policy paradigm assumes that markets are not always the most efficient route to innovation. The results suggest that there is room for go­vernment involvement when defining a science and technology policy that aims to support the development of innovative capabilities. We conclude that mission and/ or the cooperative technology paradigms are adequate for defining a successful scien­ce and technology policy in Latino America.

Structural Change in Higher Education: Implications for Agricultural Economics Extension; or Does Diffedence, Decadence and Dissonance Make a Difference?

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
George McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Agricultural Economics ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Political Market ◽  
Needed Information ◽  
Change In Higher Education ◽  
Institutional Maintenance ◽  
American Agriculture

AbstractDiscussion of changes taking place in American agriculture followed by a review of the traditional model of extension suggests there is dissonance between what is needed to inform contemporary agriculture and what extension actually does. The paper further suggests that difficulty in packaging the newly needed information in ways that achieve the institutional maintenance objectives of extension explain a part of the system's decadence and reluctance to change. Since the intellectual problems of market failure, even political market failure, are within the domain of economists, diffidence by agricultural economists to those issues within the Land-Grant system can make a difference.

Discontinuous Institutional Alternatives in the Context of Economy Deregulation

2004 ◽  
pp. 94-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shastitko
Keyword(s):  
Market Failure ◽  
Transaction Management ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Relative Cost ◽  
State Participation

Various ways of state participation in the mechanisms of transaction management are considered in the article. Differences between compensation and elimination of the market failures are identified. Opportunities and risks of non-regulatory alternatives usage as a mean of market failure compensation are described. Based on classification of goods correlated to relative cost of their useful characteristics evaluation (search, experience, merit) questions of institutional alternatives in three areas (political, financial and commodity) are examined.

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