scholarly journals Trade Structure, Transboundary Pollution and Multilateral Trade Liberalization: The Effects on Environmental Taxes and Welfare

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Nkuiya
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Transboundary Pollution ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Structure ◽  
Multilateral Trade Liberalization

Preferential Trade Agreements as Stumbling Blocks for Multilateral Trade Liberalization: Evidence for the United States

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 896-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Limão
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
The United States ◽  
Preferential Trade Agreements ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Preferential Trade ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Multilateral Trade Liberalization ◽  
Tariff Reductions

Most countries are members of preferential trade agreements (PTAs). The effect of these agreements has attracted much interest and raised the question of whether PTAs promote or slow multilateral trade liberalization, i.e., whether they are a “building block” or “stumbling block” to multilateral liberalization. Despite this long-standing concern with PTAs and the lack of theoretical consensus, there is no systematic evidence on whether they are actually a stumbling block to multilateral liberalization. We use detailed data on U.S. multilateral tariffs to provide the first systematic evidence that the direct effect of PTAs was to generate a stumbling block to its MTL. We also provide evidence of reciprocity in multilateral tariff reductions.

scholarly journals The EU's Antidumping Actions Against Chinese Products

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-168
Author(s):  
Yinan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Friction ◽  
Tariff Rates ◽  
Competition Situation ◽  
Multilateral Trade Liberalization ◽  
Present World ◽  
Foreign Competitors ◽  
Research Analysis

Abstract As the importance of tariffs in international trade has declined with the reduction of tariff rates under the GATT/WTO programs of multilateral trade liberalization, most governments prefer to protect domestic industries from foreign competitors through a variety of non-tariff barriers. Antidumping actions have recently become the world's biggest trade impediment due to their specific features and the antidumping activity of new users. Since China has become the major engine of world trade growth in recent years, it also has become the largest anti-dumping target in the world. However, the present world competition situation implies that world trade liberalization might arouse regional trade friction. The objective of this research is to identify whether China's WTO accession changed China's situation with regard to EU antidumping actions. The research analysis empirically proved that trade liberalization could partly affect the EU's antidumping actions against Chinese exports and the higher degree of industrial concentricity becomes a motive to increase the EU's antidumping activities against China.

scholarly journals Impact of Multilateral Trade Liberalization on Resource Revenue

Economies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sena Gnangnon ◽  
Jean-François Brun
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
Generalized Methods Of Moments ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Multilateral Trade Liberalization ◽  
Methods Of Moments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This paper investigates the impact of multilateral trade liberalization on resource revenue, using an unbalanced panel dataset comprising 57 countries, including both developed and developing countries, over the period 1995–2015. By means of the two-step system Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM) estimator, the empirical analysis suggests that multilateral trade liberalization exerts a negative effect on resource revenue, probably at the benefit of non-resource revenue. However, this effect over the full sample hides a positive effect of multilateral trade liberalization on resource revenue in poorest countries, and a negative effect of multilateral trade liberalization on resource revenue in non-poorest countries of the sample. Additionally, the negative effect of multilateral trade liberalization on resource revenue over the full sample appears to be dependent on the degree of domestic trade liberalization. In fact, multilateral trade liberalization genuinely induces a reducing effect on resource revenue only if countries liberalize their domestic trade regime beyond a minimum level.

Multilateral Trade Liberalization and Terms of Trade Volatility

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sèna Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Terms Of Trade Volatility ◽  
Trade Volatility ◽  
Multilateral Trade Liberalization ◽  
The Impact

The world has experienced in recent years a rising anti-trade and anti-globalization sentiment, which would likely jeopardize recent efforts by the international trade community, in particular Members of the World Trade Organization (WTO), to promote multilateral trade liberalization (MTP). The current article investigates the impact of MTP on countries’ terms of trade volatility. Results based on a large panel dataset suggest that MTP exerts a significant reducing effect on countries’ terms of trade volatility. However, this impact appears to be dependent on countries’ development level. The take-home message is that greater cooperation on trade matters, including among WTO Members would help promote multilateral trade liberalization, which would surely contribute to reducing terms of trade volatility, for the benefits of all countries, in particular developing economies.

Multilateral Trade Liberalization and Democracy: Does Export Product Diversification Matter?

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150002
Author(s):  
Sena Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Product Diversification ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Resource Rents ◽  
Natural Resource Rents ◽  
Multilateral Trade Liberalization ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Export Product ◽  
Export Product Diversification

This paper explores the effect of multilateral trade liberalization (MTP) on democracy, using a set of 148 countries over the period 1996–2016. In particular, it investigates whether this effect depends on countries’ level of export product concentration. The analysis shows that MTP promotes democracy only when it reaches a certain threshold. Furthermore, MTP promotes democracy in countries that enjoy a high degree of export product diversification, including away from primary products, or in those with low dependence on natural resource rents. These findings have important policy implications.

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