Supply and Demand Side Constraints as Barriers for Ethiopian Exports – Policy Options

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Ciuriak
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Side Constraints

scholarly journals Efficiency stagnation in global steel production urges joint supply- and demand-side mitigation efforts

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Morten Ryberg ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Kuishuang Feng ◽  
Sami Kara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Demand Side

AbstractSteel production is a difficult-to-mitigate sector that challenges climate mitigation commitments. Efforts for future decarbonization can benefit from understanding its progress to date. Here we report on greenhouse gas emissions from global steel production over the past century (1900-2015) by combining material flow analysis and life cycle assessment. We find that ~45 Gt steel was produced in this period leading to emissions of ~147 Gt CO2-eq. Significant improvement in process efficiency (~67%) was achieved, but was offset by a 44-fold increase in annual steel production, resulting in a 17-fold net increase in annual emissions. Despite some regional technical improvements, the industry’s decarbonization progress at the global scale has largely stagnated since 1995 mainly due to expanded production in emerging countries with high carbon intensity. Our analysis of future scenarios indicates that the expected demand expansion in these countries may jeopardize steel industry’s prospects for following 1.5 °C emission reduction pathways. To achieve the Paris climate goals, there is an urgent need for rapid implementation of joint supply- and demand-side mitigation measures around the world in consideration of regional conditions.

Integrating supply and demand-side management in renewable-based energy systems

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 120978
Author(s):  
Géremi Gilson Dranka ◽  
Paula Ferreira ◽  
A. Ismael F. Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Demand Side

Production Process Modeling for Demand Side Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Stefanie Kabelitz ◽  
Sergii Kolomiichuk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Mixed Integer Program ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Consumption Data

The supply of electricity is growing increasingly dependent on the weather as the share of renewable energies increases. Different measures can nevertheless maintain grid reliability and quality. These include the use of storage technologies, upgrades of the grid and options for responsiveness to supply and demand. This paper focuses on demand side management and the use of flexibility in production processes. First, the framework of Germany’s energy policy is presented and direct and indirect incentives for businesses to seek as well as to provide flexibility capabilities are highlighted. Converting this framework into a mixed integer program leads to multi-objective optimization. The challenge inherent to this method is realistically mapping the different objectives that affect business practices directly and indirectly in a variety of laws. An example is introduced to demonstrate the complexity of the model and examine the energy flexibility. Second, manufacturing companies’ energy efficiency is assessed under the frequently occurring conditions of heavily aggregated energy consumption data and of information with insufficient depth of detail to perform certain analyses, formulate actions or optimize processes. The findings obtained from the energy assessment and energy consumption projections are used to model the production system’s energy efficiency and thus facilitate optimization. Methods of data mining and machine learning are employed to project energy consumption. Aggregated energy consumption data and different production and environmental parameters are used to assess indirectly measured consumers and link projections of energy consumption with the production schedule.

scholarly journals Supply- and Demand-side Factors in Global Banking

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Amiti ◽  
Patrick McGuire ◽  
David Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Global Banking

scholarly journals Benefits and Challenges of Policy Options in Rationing the Hospital Radiology Services: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Jafari ◽  
Mohammad Ranjbar ◽  
Hamideh Mahjoub ◽  
Hamed Ghoshoni ◽  
Mohammad Baghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
System Level ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rationing Policy ◽  
Care Costs

Objective: In many countries, limiting the financial and budgetary resources is a challenge in the health system. One of the most costly parts of the health system is undoubtedly the radiology department of hospitals. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the benefits and challenges of the policies proposed for rationing hospital radiology services. Information sources and selected methods for study: In this narrative or literature review study, Persian (SID, Magiran, Barkat Knowledge network system, Irandoc), and Latin (Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, ISI web of sciences) databases were searched. The applied keywords were radiology, rationing, distribution, priority setting, resource allocation, and policy brief. In the initial search, 145 articles were studied. Subsequently, after reviewing the titles and abstracts, 65 studies were selected and investigated. Finally, 44 related studies were thoroughly investigated. The inclusion criteria covered the studies in Persian or English. The exclusion criteria included the studies that did not have full texts. Our search included the studies conducted from 1/1/2000 to 1/1/ 2017. Results: The present study examined the benefits and challenges of radiology services rationing. Policy options were presented at 3 levels of provider, organizational, and system. The provider level consisted of training clinical and non-clinical personnel to use and maintain the medical equipment and requiring the physicians to use clinical guidelines. The organization level included reviewing imaging tariffs, entering insurance in controlling supply and demand for radiology services, and assessing equipment by the Institute for Health Technology Assessment. The system level contained assignment of radiological services to the private sector. Conclusion: As health care costs are rising and resources are increasingly constrained by ever-increasing demands, policy makers and officials can use the proposed solutions with regard to contextual conditions to design a rationing model. Services at the macro level of the health system and operationalization of the rationing process reduce the gap between supply and demand of the health services.  

scholarly journals Critical issues on the enforcement of the “true and fair view” accounting principle: Learning from Parmalat

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Melis
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Information Demand ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms

This paper analyses and discusses the “positive” issues of the overriding international financial reporting standards principle of “true and fair view” in connection with corporate governance mechanisms. The analysis is based on case study evidence. Empirical evidence from the Parmalat case with regards to the role of the information supply and demand side agents is analysed. This study provides evidence on how the relationship between corporate financial reporting and corporate governance mechanisms may influence the enforcement of the international financial reporting standards overriding principle of “true and fair view”. Evidence is found that the enforcement of the “true and fair view” principle is intrinsically flawed when the accountability and the overall corporate governance systems do not work properly. Some evidence is also found for the argument that a lack in the quality of information supplied by the corporate financial system hurdles the role information demand side agents as effective monitors.

Smart Factory Meets Smart Grid: Cyber-Physical Compressed Air Systems Enable Demand Side Management in Industrial Environments

2015 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Boehm ◽  
Johannes Bürner ◽  
Jörg Franke
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Industrial Environments ◽  
Air Compressors

In electric energy systems based on renewable generation plants supply and demand often do not occur in the same period of time. Consequently demand side management is gaining importance whereby decentralized automation offers opportunities in industrial environments. Compressed air systems on industrial plants consist of air compressors, compressed air reservoirs and compressed air lines. With suitable dimensioning those industrial compressed-air systems can be used for demand side management purpose. As power consumption of industrial air compressors ranges between a few and several hundred kilowatts each, swarms of communicatively connected air compressors can contribute to the stabilization of power grids. To avoid costly production downtime it is to ensure, that a reliable, non-disruptive supply of compressed air can be maintained at all time. Industrial compressed air systems equipped with automation technology and artificial intelligence, which hereinafter are referred to as Cyber-Physical Compressed Air Systems (CPCAS), allow new business models for utilities, industrial enterprises, compressor manufacturers and service providers. In addition to basic operating parameters like current air pressure and status, those systems can process further information and create, for example, profiles on compressed air consumption over time. By enriching those profiles with data on pressure, volumes, system restrictions and current production requirements (plans), the CPCAS can identify the available potential for demand side management. Ipso facto predictive power on electricity consumption is increasing. By providing the information obtained to the power company or a service provider, savings in electricity costs may be achieved. Expenses within the industrial company may be lowered further as compliance with agreed load limits is being improved by automatic shutdown of air compressors upon reaching the load limit. Within this article the structure of the aforementioned Cyber-Physical Compressed Air Systems is presented in more detail, relations between the major actors are being shown and possible business models are being introduced.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document