Sending the Right Signal (at the Right Time): Explaining US Bilateralism with Developing Countries

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Baccini
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
The Right

Wadhwa, Charan D. and MukulG. Asher (eds.). ASEAN-SOUTH ASIA Economic Relations. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 1985. ix+384pp.

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-338
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hussain Malik
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Southeast Asian Studies ◽  
The Right ◽  
Policy Proposals

The need to enhance their economic relations with each other has long been felt by developing countries. However, their efforts in this regard have met with limited success. One of the reasons for this could be that not much serious work has been done to understand the complexities and possibilities of economic relations of developing countries. The complementarities which exist among the economies of these countries remain relatively unexplored. There is a lack of concrete policy proposals which developing countries may follow to achieve their often proclaimed objective of collective self-reliance. All this needs serious and rigorous research efforts. In this perspective, the present study can be considered as a step in the right direction. It examines trade and other economic relations of developing countries of two regions of Asia-South Asian countries and member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The study also explores ways and means to improve economic relations among these countries

Turkey in Crisis: Some Contradictions in the Kemalist Development Strategy

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özay Mehmet
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Right

The recent crisis in Turkey has been described primarily as a political crisis caused by an unworkable political system under attack from organized terrorism from both the right and the left. While this may be valid as an immediate cause, there are some structural and ideological contradictions in the Turkish economic system which must also be highlighted. These contradictions have evolved gradually over the last half century in the course of Turkey's efforts to achieve industrial and economic growth. They have been exacerbated in particular by a process of lopsided industrialization after 1960 which, as in most other developing countries, has resulted in increased poverty and unemployment while achieving overall growth rates of 6 percent or better.

scholarly journals A ten-year review of neonatal bloodstream infections in a tertiary private hospital in Kenya

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 799-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchika Kohli-Kochhar ◽  
Geoffrey Omuse ◽  
Gunturu Revathi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Empiric Therapy ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Introduction: Neonatal mortality in developing countries is usually due to an infectious cause.  The gold standard of investigation in developing countries is a positive blood culture.  It is important to know the aetiology of neonatal bloodstream infections so that empiric treatment can be effective.  Methodology: We conducted a retrospective clinical audit over ten years between January 2000 until December 2009, looking at the aetiology of both early and late onset neonatal sepsis.  We analysed data from 152 (23%) patient isolates out of 662 suspected cases of neonatal sepsis.  Results: Our study revealed that Gram-positive organisms were the predominant cause of both early and late onset sepsis; the common isolates were Staphylococcus epidermidis (34%) and Staphylococcus aureus (27%).  There were no isolates of group B Streptococcus.  Candida species was isolated only in patients with late onset sepsis (6.9%).  Bacterial isolates were relatively sensitive to the commonly used first- and second-line empiric antibiotics. Conclusion: Gram-positive organisms remain the major cause of neonatal bloodstream infections in our setup.  The findings of this study will guide clinicians in prescribing the right empiric therapy in cases of suspected neonatal sepsis before the definitive culture results are obtained.

scholarly journals Ethical Relation between Physicians and Pharmaceutical Industries in the Perspectives of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shahinul Alam ◽  
Nahiduz Saman ◽  
Monsur Hallaj Hallaj ◽  
Jahangir Ul Alam ◽  
Shoaib Momen Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Ethical Relation ◽  
Guide Line ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Scientific Meetings ◽  
The Right

Relation between physicians and pharmaceutical industry is required for the benefit of the patient. But it may turn into business and overthrow the patients’ benefit. The relation might be in question at present and in future. Several questions are flowing in Bangladesh. To solve these queries we have explored the situation in developed and developing countries. The physicians and associations of pharmaceutical industries developed several ethical guidelines in those countries. They have addressed the long lasting issues on gift provided to physician, cash back, sample, industry sponsored scientific meetings, research and hospitality. There are huge restrictions to ensure the right of the patient’s e.g. limitation of inexpensive gift by the pharmaceuticals, avoiding expensive medicine instead of equally effective low priced medicine. We are lacking behind to protect the patient right properly: regulation, adherence to existing guide line, lack of guidance from statutory bodies. The current scenario is far behind the right of patient. In Bangladesh it is not yet addressed either by professionals or by pharmaceutical associations. It is the immediate need to construct a guide line for physicians and pharmaceutical industry of Bangladesh.Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2015 Vol.6 (1):1-5

Labour Observatories for Agricultural Policymaking and Sustainable Development

2014 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
The Right

Assimilation of relevant information within a labour observatory is a key to success of an observatory. Management of such relevant information and its dissemination to the right audience at the right time is also important. In this regard, a labour observatory plays a very important role for successful operationalization of agricultural policies within developing countries. Historical information regarding soil, crop varieties, agricultural practices, and skill of agricultural labourers needs to be maintained by a labour observatory. Information from the observatory has to be communicated to policy makers for making a pragmatic decision in developing countries with large agriculturally dependent populations. These decisions can impact the lives of this population and can impact the sustainable development of these countries. Initiatives related to labour observatory started more than a decade back in developed countries. It has now begun in parts of Africa, too. The chapter highlights these developments and contextualizes the association between these observatories, agricultural policymaking, and sustainable development.

Optimal Policy for Biopharmaceutical Drugs Innovation and Access in India

2011 ◽  
pp. 74-114
Author(s):  
Rakhi Rashmi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Optimal Policy ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Trips Agreement ◽  
Public Access ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
The People ◽  
The Right ◽  
Government Initiative

In theory, patents work by providing the inventor an incentive to invent in the first place and then to disclose. Disclosure to the public is rewarded by giving the inventor a monopoly. As product patent and higher patent protection has been advocated by Art 27.1 of the TRIPs agreement on the basis that for greater innovation through transfer of technology is a necessity in developing countries like India as it provides capital to fund expensive innovations, who are otherwise not be able to fund expensive innovations on its own. On the other hand, at the same time drugs are also related with the health of the people and to take care of the health of the people is the utmost priority of any Government and there are issues like accessibility with regard to strong patent protection to biopharma products and data exclusivity. Also as per Art 7 of the TRIPs transfer of technology has to occur to the developing countries in order to promote technological innovations, which is conducive to social and economic welfare. Therefore, striking the right balance between incentive and public access creates a tension is essential. This study suggests optimal policy (Patent and other regulations) to have a balance between biopharma drugs innovation and their access in India while complying with the provisions of the TRIPs agreement by broadly categorising variables such as (1) patent policy such as the scope of biotech patents and the extent of the right in terms of breadth and length; and (2) regulatory environment such as the taxation incentive, Investment policy, Government initiative for the development of this sector etc.

After Paris: Good Enough Climate Governance

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (777) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Busby
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Climate Governance ◽  
The Right ◽  
Better Than

[F]or many developing countries, the Paris agreement is better than no deal and an important step in the right direction.

scholarly journals Online Learning in a South African Higher Education Institution: Determining the Right Connections for the Student

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy Ruth Queiros ◽  
Mary Ruth De Villiers
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
South African ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Discussion Forums ◽  
The Right

<p class="3">Online learning is a means of reaching marginalised and disadvantaged students within South Africa. Nevertheless, these students encounter obstacles in online learning. This research investigates South African students’ opinions regarding online learning, culminating in a model of important connections (facets that connect students to their learning and the institution). Most participants had no prior experience with online learning. Their perceptions and barriers to learning may apply to other developing countries as well.</p><p class="3">A cross-sequential research design was employed using a survey among 58 fourth-year students who were studying a traditional paper-based module via open distance learning. The findings indicated certain essential connections:  first, a <em>strong s</em><em>ocial presence </em>(through timely feedback, interaction with facilitators, peer-to-peer contact, discussion forums, and collaborative activities); second, <em>technological aspects</em><strong> </strong>(technology access, online learning self-efficacy, and computer self-efficacy); and third, <em>tools</em><strong> </strong>(web sites, video clips). The study revealed low levels of computer/internet access at home, which is of concern in an ODL milieu heading online.   Institutions moving to online learning in developing countries should pay close attention to their students’ situations and perceptions, and develop a path that would accommodate both the disadvantaged and techno-savvy students without compromising quality of education and learning. The article culminates in practical recommendations that encompass the main findings to help guide institutions in developing countries as they move towards online teaching and learning.</p>

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