Learning About Causal Mechanisms: Bounding the Indirect Effect of Oil Through State Weakness on Civil War

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Glynn
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Causal Mechanisms

scholarly journals Colonial ties and civil conflict intervention: Clarifying the causal mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mwita Chacha ◽  
Szymon Stojek
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
International Security ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Causal Mechanisms ◽  
Conflict Intervention

Civil war intervention literature identifies colonial history as influencing the likelihood of interventions. This literature, however, has yet to clarify the mechanisms through which colonial history influences interventions. We develop and test an argument linking the relations established by colonialism—economic, political, and social—with interventions. We find that colonial history influences interventions, but its effect matters less once we control for these three relations. Importantly, we find that this effect of colonial history is particularly small in dyads with stronger economic relations. Our paper gives further credence to liberal arguments emphasizing the role of economic factors in international security.

A Typology of Mass Political Violence

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-695
Author(s):  
Eelco van der Maat
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
Interstate War ◽  
Causal Mechanisms ◽  
Group Competition

AbstractTraditional distinctions of mass political violence (i.e., interstate war, civil war, and genocide) seem to insufficiently capture underlying causal mechanisms. In order to better capture these mechanisms, this paper provides an innovative typology of mass political violence. By introducing mass violence as a product of between-group as opposed to within-group competition, this paper arrives at four observably distinct types of political violence. The paper demonstrates that episodes of mass political violence that at first glance seem to be similar are actually very different and should be treated as such.

Civil Wars

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stathis N. Kalyvas
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Mechanisms ◽  
Research Agendas

This article studies civil wars. Kalyvas defines a civil war as armed combat taking place within the boundaries of a recognized sovereign entity between parties that are subject to a common authority at the outset of the hostilities. The article starts by determining why a study of civil war is important. This is followed by a section on the various macro findings and debates on civil war. The issue of the relation between a country's rural dimension and civil war is discussed, in order to help illustrate some of the complexities in figuring and sorting out competing causal mechanisms. The article ends with discussions of the types of civil war and the possible future research agendas.

scholarly journals The Effect of Wartime Legacies on Electoral Mobilization after Civil War

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Haass ◽  
Martin Ottmann
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Village Level ◽  
Causal Mechanisms ◽  
Electoral Mobilization ◽  
Military Networks ◽  
The Way

Elections are cornerstones for societies transitioning from civil war to democracy. The success or failure of these elections is shaped by the strategies former belligerents employ to mobilize voters. Of those strategies, clientelism is particularly important as it represents improved voter-elite relations over dysfunctional wartime politics, but, if pervasive, also risks undermining long-term democratic consolidation. We argue that the organizational legacies of rebellion shape the way how rebels engage in electoral clientelism. We expect that former rebels target pre-electoral benefits to areas of wartime support; rely on wartime military networks to deliver those benefits; and exploit discretionary control over peace dividends when allocating electoral benefits. We combine original geospatial data on the timing and location of over 2,000 tsunami aid projects with village-level surveys in post-civil war Aceh, Indonesia, to test these hypotheses. Results from difference-in-differences models and detailed tests of causal mechanisms are consistent with our theoretical expectations.

Civil Conflict and Development

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håvard Hegre
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
State Capacity ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship between civil conflict and development. After outlining definitions of conflict and development, it considers a number of explanations of why they are empirically related. The extent to which conflict, such as civil war, is due to development is discussed, along with how conflict affects development. The article then describes the routes through which conflict reduces development, namely destruction, disruption, diversion, and dis-saving. It also considers why development reduces the risk of conflict, paying particular attention to poverty as motivation for conflict, opportunities for violence entrepreneurs, poor state capacity, decreased lootability in diversified economies, higher costs to violence in densely interacting societies, indirect effect through political institutions, and education and the cognitive ability to maintain peaceful relations. The article concludes by assessing future prospects for the conflict–development linkage, as well as the role of development in reducing incidences of armed conflict worldwide.

Power Sharing and Democracy in Post-Civil War States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline A. Hartzell ◽  
Matthew Hoddie
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Power Sharing
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