Corporate Law: A Historical Perspective of the Supreme Court’s Corporate Law Decisions from the Nineteenth Century to the Present

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydie Nadia Cabrera Pierre-Louis
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Corporate Law

A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE AUDITOR'S ROLE: THE EARLY EXPERlENCE OF THE AMERICAN RAILROADS

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Boockholdt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
The United States ◽  
Advisory Services ◽  
Audit Independence ◽  
Inherent Part

The paper explores the origins of the auditing profession in the United States. It is suggested that the development of the audit function in this country can be traced to reporting by internal and shareholder auditors in the American railroads during the middle of the nineteenth century. Evidence is presented that a recognition of the need for audit independence existed, and that the provision of advisory services and reports on internal control by American auditors have been an inherent part of the auditor's role from that time.

The Social Division of Welfare

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Richard M. Titmuss
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Social Betterment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Effective Operation ◽  
Interpretation Of Change ◽  
The Welfare State

This chapter looks at how some students of social policy see the development of ‘The Welfare State’ in historical perspective as part of a broad, ascending road of social betterment provided for the working classes since the nineteenth century and achieving its goal in the present time. This interpretation of change as a process of unilinear progression in collective benevolence for these classes led to the belief that in the year 1948 ‘The Welfare State’ was established. Since then, successive governments, Conservative and Labour, have busied themselves with the more effective operation of the various services. Both parties have also claimed the maintenance of ‘The Welfare State’ as an article of faith.

How distant is gurbet? Refik Halid’s representation of Arabs in Gurbet Hikayeleri — with a note on Ottoman and Turkish Orientalisms

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-173
Author(s):  
Hakan T. Karateke
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Short Stories ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Definition Of

This article explores Refik Halid’s (Karay) reflections of his time in exile in Bilad al- Sham and other localities on the Arabian peninsula, as collected in semiautobiographical short stories written during the 1930s and published as Gurbet Hikayeleri (Exile Stories), and compares Refik Halid’s views of the Arab locals with the attitudes described by Ussama Makdisi and Edhem Eldem as “Ottoman Orientalism” and “Turkish Orientalism” respectively. However, I am inclined not to restrict such belittling attitudes towards the subjects who lived in the cultural peripheries of the empire to the nineteenth century. It seems necessary to develop a definition of Ottoman Orientalism that does not restrict the term to the age of reforms, one that can place the perceptions and tensions between groups of people within the empire in their historical perspective.

The Digital Turn in Textual Scholarship

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odd Einar Haugen ◽  
Daniel Apollon
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Textual Scholarship ◽  
Logical Approach ◽  
Critical Editions

This chapter presents a historical overview of critical editions since the nineteenth century from three angles: a historic perspective, a contextualizing perspective, and an intrinsic perspective. The historical perspective is based on the development of Karl Lachmann and Gaston Paris, who have introduced a rigorous form coupled with a logical approach that is still present in “philological science,” and includes the first tryouts in using computers to improve, extend, and diffuse scholarly editions. Additionally, an overview of the evolution and the diffusion of the different paradigms and practices is developed by the authors. The chapter also addresses questions of content and authority.

The Rhetoric of Fragmentation: Fear and Faith in International Law

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE-CHARLOTTE MARTINEAU
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
International Law ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The One ◽  
Fragmentation Of International Law

AbstractOver the last decade international lawyers have been increasingly concerned with the ‘fragmentation’ of international law. However, given that this expression has been repeatedly used by the profession since the mid-nineteenth century to depict the state of international law, one may wonder about its recent revival in the international legal discourse. Why has it re-emerged? What can we learn from previous invocations? An answer may be sought by contextualizing the fragmentation debate in a historical perspective. This brings out the repetitive and relatively stylized modes in which the profession has narrated legal developments. This essay suggests a correlation between periods of crisis in general and a critical view of fragmentation on the one hand, and periods of scholarly enthusiasm and the prevalence of positive views about fragmentation on the other. This analysis sheds critical light on both the implicit assumptions and political implications of the current debate on fragmentation.

The End of Midterm Decline?

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-164
Author(s):  
Lex Renda
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
District Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Midterm Elections ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
Open Seat ◽  
The U.S

Variations in the loss of seats in the House of Representatives by the president's party in midterm elections between 1854 and 1998 are analyzed from a historical perspective. Whereas in the latter three-fourths of the nineteenth century the president's party lost, on average, 22% of its share of House seats, in the twentieth century the average loss was 13%. Using district-level data, the author attributes the problematization of “midterm decline” to the growing power of incumbency (a consequence of the development of the Australian ballot), the decline in the number of partisanly competitive districts in open-seat elections, and the limitation, since 1912, of the size of the U.S. House of Representatives.

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