A Study of the Costs and Benefits of Introducing a Capital Charge Regime in New Zealand Tertiary Intstitutions

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Reddy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Capital Charge

scholarly journals The Costs and Benefits of Covid-19 Lockdowns in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lally
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life Year ◽  
Mitigation Strategy ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life

This paper considers the costs and benefits of New Zealand's Covid-19 nation-wide lockdown strategy relative to pursuit of a mitigation strategy in March 2020. Using data available up to 28 June 2021, the estimated additional deaths from a mitigation strategy are 1,750 to 4,600, implying a Cost per Quality Adjusted Life Year saved by locking down in March 2020 of at least 13 times the generally employed threshold figure of $62,000 for health interventions in New Zealand; the lockdowns do not then seem to have been justified by reference to the standard benchmark. Using only data available to the New Zealand government in March 2020, the ratio is similar and therefore the same conclusion holds that the nation-wide lockdown strategy was not warranted. Looking forwards from 28 June 2021, if a new outbreak occurs that cannot be suppressed without a nation-wide lockdown, the death toll from adopting a mitigation strategy at this point would be even less than had it done so in March 2020, due to the vaccination campaign and because the period over which the virus would then inflict casualties would now be much less than the period from March 2020; this would favour a mitigation policy even more strongly than in March 2020. This approach of assessing the savings in quality adjusted life years and comparing them to a standard benchmark figure ensures that all quality adjusted life years saved by various health interventions are treated equally, which accords with the ethical principle of equity across people.

The costs and benefits of water demand management: evidence from New Zealand

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J. Smith ◽  
Garry W. McDonald ◽  
Catherine F. Murray
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Water Demand Management

scholarly journals Flexibility and Choice Through Leave Entitilements: Implications of the Danish Experience

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erling Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
The Other ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Danish Experience ◽  
Fiscal Implications

Work pressure has increased for many people in New Zealand in the I990s. Around a third of the workforce work more than 40 hours a week, the pressure to continuously up skill or res kill is growing, more women have joined the workforce, job and career insecurity has increased, and the eligibility age for receiving superannuation has risen. At the same time, 'underemployment' exists in terms of part-time workers wanting more hours and with unemployment stagnant at around six per cent. Innovative Danish Leave schemes introduced in the I990s offer one way of addressing the problems of work pressure and under-employment simultaneously. The paper describes the leave schemes, the reaction of the workforce and outlines the associated social and economic costs and benefits. In particular, the analysis will focus on the trade-off between more employee flexibility, increased ups killing and improved family relationships on one hand, and, on the other hand, minimising both the fiscal implications and costs on individual employers. Finally, a possible application of similar leave schemes in New Zealand is discussed.

The Future of Western Samoan Migration to New Zealand

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-332
Author(s):  
Leulu Felise Vaa
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Family Reunion ◽  
Western Samoa ◽  
The Future ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Service Sectors

The history of Samoan migration to New Zealand, a demographic profile of the migrants, and the future of such migration are discussed. Migration became a serious phenomenon after independence in 1962, with primarily young, unskilled workers moving to take up jobs in the agricultural and service sectors. Remaining essentially unchanged since 1962, New Zealand's immigration policy gives preferential treatment to Western Samoans and recognizes their valuable labor contribution. The future of migration to New Zealand is discussed in the context of the costs and benefits to Western Samoa. Contrary to some observers, the author argues that emigration has been beneficial rather than deleterious to Western Samoa's development and predicts the continuation of Samoan migration to New Zealand, Australia, United States and other countries, with increased emphasis on family reunion.

Economic and ecosystem costs and benefits of alternative land use and management scenarios in the Lake Rotorua, New Zealand, catchment

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 102-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Mueller ◽  
David Hamilton ◽  
Graeme Doole ◽  
Jonathan Abell ◽  
Christopher McBride
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Land Use And Management

scholarly journals The value relevance of voluntary intellectual capital disclosure: New Zealand evidence

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1071-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Ellis ◽  
Dyna Seng
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Structural Capital ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to investigate the value relevance of voluntary intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) in New Zealand by examining the relationship between voluntary ICD and market value. The results suggest that the relationship between voluntary ICD and market value is not a simple, positive relationship across the board. That is, the benefits of different types of intellectual capital (IC) - namely human, relational and structural capital - may vary significantly, and there may even be some costs to disclosure. Positive relationships were found between human and relational capital as well as ICD overall. The results for structural capital disclosure, however, showed a significant and negative relationship. These results suggest that there may be a trade-off between the costs and benefits of disclosure. We also found that the relationship between voluntary ICD and market value is moderated by technologically intensive industries. This relationship is stronger for low-tech industries. This may be due to the fact that low-tech industries disclosed more IC information voluntarily, indicating that more disclosure strengthens the relationship between voluntary IC and market value.

scholarly journals The Biden Administration and New Zealand’s Strategic Options: Asymmetric Hedging, Tight Five Eyes, Alignment and Armed Neutrality

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reuben Steff
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Small State ◽  
New Era ◽  
Hedging Strategies ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status ◽  
Strategic Options

New Zealand confronts a seemingly inescapable dilemma: its security interests link it to traditional partners – Australia and the US – while ties between these two and China, Wellington’s largest export market, are deteriorating. This article considers what this new era of competition means for New Zealand and assesses the risks, costs and benefits of three strategic options open to Wellington: (1) asymmetric hedge (the status quo), (2) tight Five Eyes alignments (hewing closer to traditional partners) and (3) armed neutrality (a bold proposition for greater self-reliance). It also addresses what the new Biden administration, which is portraying China to be a military and ideological threat to democracy and the international liberal rules-based order, means for New Zealand’s management of its ties between Washington and Beijing. Through its analysis, the article contributes to policy debates in New Zealand over its options and to the literature on small state alignments and hedging strategies.

scholarly journals Conditional release of new organisms in New Zealand

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M.C. Vieglais ◽  
L. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Conditional Release ◽  
Environmental Risk Management ◽  
As Species

New organisms are defined as species not present in New Zealand prior to 29 July 1998 the date the New Organisms component of the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996 came into effect New organisms also include genetically modified (GM) organisms organisms that have been approved for containment or conditional release and exotic organisms that have been eradicated There are three ways a new organism can occur in New Zealand accidental incursions deliberate but illegal introductions and legal introductions Applications for introductions are evaluated by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA New Zealand) In October 2003 the HSNO Act was amended to allow for the conditional release of new organisms including GM organisms This paper describes the process for the introduction of new organisms into New Zealand with an emphasis on conditional release to assess the risks costs and benefits of new organisms to human health the environment and the economy

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