Obtaining Salvation - Regulation of Access to Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for the Selection of Saviour Siblings in Australia

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
David John Coker
Keyword(s):  
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals A qualificaçao humana da pessoa: uma análise ético-jurídica dos embriões excedentários e do diagnótico genético pré-implantacional / The Human Qualification of Person: An Ethical-Legal Analysis of the Surplus Embryos and the Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Kalline Carvalho Gonçalves Eler ◽  
Luciana Gaspar Melquíades Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Assisted Reproduction Techniques ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Personal Rights ◽  
Person Concept ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Robert Spaemann

ABSTRACTThis  paper  pursues  an  ethical-legal  framework  for  the  embryo  arising  from  assisted  reproduction  techniques  in order to sustain the personal status. To attain this end, it will be adopted the content analysis methodology, taking as theoretical  framework the person  concept developed by Robert Spaemann and the consciousness in Husserl phenomenological lmeaning. In a second moment, starting from the assumption that  the  extra-corporeal embryo is a person and  therefore, subject of personal rights; intends to demonstrate the unconstitutionality of the production of surplus embryos and also the unconstitutionality of using of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for selection of so-called "baby-drugs".RESUMOO presente artigo busca um enquadramento ético-jurídico para o embrião oriundo das técnicas de reprodução assistida com o intuito de sustentar seu status pessoal. Para persecução deste fim, adota-se como metodologia a análise de conteúdo, tomando-se por marco teórico o conceito de pessoa desenvolvido por Robert Spaemann e o conceito de consciência presente na fenomenologia de Husserl. Em um segundo momento, a partir do pressuposto de que o embrião extra corporal é pessoa e, portanto, sujeito de direitos personalíssimos, intenta-se demonstrar a inconstitucionalidade da produção dos embriões excedentários e do uso do Diagnóstico Genético Pré-Implantacional para seleção dos chamados “bebês-medicamentos”.

scholarly journals Experience of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for Hemophilia at the University Hospital Virgen Del Rocío in Spain: Technical and Clinical Overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel M. Fernández ◽  
Ana Peciña ◽  
Beatriz Sánchez ◽  
Maria Dolores Lozano-Arana ◽  
Juan Carlos García-Lozano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Hemophilia A ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Live Birth Rate ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The University ◽  
Clinical Overview ◽  
Selection Of

Hemophilia A and B are the most common hereditary hemorrhagic disorders, with an X-linked mode of inheritance. Reproductive options for the families affected with hemophilia, aiming at the prevention of the birth of children with severe coagulation disorders, include preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Here we present the results of our PGD Program applied to hemophilia, at the Department of Genetics, Reproduction and Fetal Medicine of the University Hospital Virgen del Rocío in Seville. A total of 34 couples have been included in our program since 2005 (30 for hemophilia A and 4 for hemophilia B). Overall, 60 cycles were performed, providing a total of 508 embryos. The overall percentage of transfers per cycle was 81.7% and the live birth rate per cycle ranged from 10.3 to 24.1% depending on the methodological approach applied. Although PGD for hemophilia can be focused on gender selection of female embryos, our results demonstrate that methodological approaches that allow the diagnosis of the hemophilia status of every embryo have notorious advantages. Our PGD Program resulted in the birth of 12 healthy babies for 10 out of the 34 couples (29.4%), constituting a relevant achievement for the Spanish Public Health System within the field of haematological disorders.

scholarly journals La diagnosi pre-impiantatoria Lo stato dell’arte scientifico e gli interrogativi etici - Parte I

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Suaudeau
Keyword(s):  
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Genetic Defect ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
The Social ◽  
Selection Of

La diagnosi genetica pre-impiantatoria (Preimplantation genetic diagnosis o PGD) è una tecnica nella quale gli embrioni umani prodotti in vitro per le tecniche di fecondazione artificiale, vengono selezionati, nelle prime fasi di sviluppo, dal punto di vista genetico, tramite lo studio di uno o due blastomeri prelevati con una biopsia. Gli embrioni non affetti da malattie vengono poi trasferiti nell’utero. La PGD è stata introdotta agli inizi degli anni ’90 in alternativa alla diagnosi prenatale per coppie per le quali fosse alto il rischio di trasmettere un difetto genetico. Negli anni successivi è stata adoperata per altre indicazioni come l’individuazione delle anomalie cromosomiche, la ricerca delle aneuploidie, la selezione “sociale” del sesso, la selezione degli embrioni secondo il tipo di Human Leukocit Antigen (HLA) e l’individuazione di malattie genetiche ad esordio tardivo. Dai reports relativi all’uso della PGD nel mondo emergono, tuttavia, tre punti critici: il primo riguarda l’esattezza diagnostica, con la presenza di falsi positivi e falsi negativi; la seconda, la notevole perdita di embrioni umani nel processo; la terza, i risultati della PGD in termini di nascita di bambini sani. ---------- The preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is a technique in which early human embryos, obtained in vitro for artificial fertilization techniques, are genetically screened for selection, through study of one or two blastomeres taken by biopsy. The embryos, that are healthy, are transferred to uterus. The PGD has been introduced in the early 1990s as an alternative to prenata1 diagnosis for couples at high risk of transmitting a genetic defect. It has been subsequently extended to other indications as the individualization of chromosomal abnormalities, the research of the aneuploidies, the “social selection of sex”, the selection of the embryos according to the type of Human Leukocit Antigen (HLA) and the individualization of late-onset genetic diseases. But the reports concerning with the use of PGD in the world make clear that there are three critical points: the first deals with the diagnostic accuracy, with the presence of false positives and false negatives; the second, with the wide loss of embryos during the process; the third, with the outcomes of the PGD in terms of birth of healthy babies.

The regulation of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) in the Netherlands and the UK: a comparative study of the regulatory frameworks and outcomes for PGD

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva C A Asscher
Keyword(s):  
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Selection Of

Developments in biotechnology present difficult social and ethical challenges that need to be resolved by regulators among others. One crucial problem for regulators of new technologies is to ensure that regulation is both clear and sufficiently flexible to respond to new developments. This is particularly difficult to achieve in contentious fields such as medical biotechnology. In the European Union there is a divergence in the solutions to this problem which has lead to different regulatory frameworks for medical biotechnology. This paper compares and contrasts the British and Dutch regulatory frameworks for the selection of embryos by preimplantation genetic diagnosis as an example of the regulation of medical biotechnology. Some of the outcomes of the regulatory choices and possible reasons behind the divergent frameworks are discussed, such as the ethical outlooks and political systems in these countries.

Increased enquiries for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
KJ Heiliger ◽  
D Gutknecht ◽  
C Adelfalk ◽  
A Eder ◽  
M Bals-Pratsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis
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