Review of Global Policy Architecture and Country Level Practice on HIV/AIDS and Drug Treatment

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ali ◽  
David Burrows ◽  
Linda Gowing ◽  
Robyn Vial ◽  
Nick Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Global Policy ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Progress and challenges in modelling country-level HIV/AIDS epidemics: the UNAIDS Estimation and Projection Package 2007

2008 ◽  
Vol 84 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. i5-i10 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Brown ◽  
J A Salomon ◽  
L Alkema ◽  
A E Raftery ◽  
E Gouws
Keyword(s):  
Country Level ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Adoption and uptake of the lateral flow urine LAM test in countries with high tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS burden: current landscape and barriers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane N. Singhroy ◽  
Emily MacLean ◽  
Mikashmi Kohli ◽  
Erica Lessem ◽  
David Branigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
World Health ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Testing Algorithms ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Since 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended a commercially available lateral-flow urine LAM test (Alere-LAM) to assist in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in severely ill people living with HIV (PLHIV). The test can rapidly detect TB in severely ill PLHIV and can identify PLHIV most at-risk of death, leading to mortality reductions. However, its uptake in countries with high burdens of TB and HIV has been slow. To assess the current use landscape and identify barriers to the adoption of Alere-LAM, we conducted a questionnaire-based study in 31 high TB and HIV/AIDS burden countries. Methods: Between November 2018 and December 2019, we collected responses to a semi-structured questionnaire that had been emailed to staff and affiliates of National TB Programs or HIV/AIDS Programs, Ministries of Health, and TB or HIV institutes of 31 high TB/HIV burden countries. Questions concerned country policies, adoption, and current use of Alere-LAM testing, as well as testing algorithms and barriers preventing Alere-LAM uptake. Results: We received questionnaire responses from 24 out of 31 (77%) high TB/HIV burden countries. Of these 24 countries, 11 (46%) had adopted Alere-LAM policies, with only five (21%) countries currently using Alere-LAM testing. Testing algorithms were generally aligned with WHO recommendations. Fifteen countries (63%) said they were planning to implement Alere-LAM testing in the near future. The most commonly cited constraint to adoption and implementation was budget limitations. Additional barriers to Alere-LAM implementation included lack of country-specific data and piloting, administrative hurdles such as regulatory agency approval, lack of coordination between National TB and HIV programs, and small perceived patient population. Conclusion: Responses to our questionnaire demonstrate the persistent gap between country-level policy and real-world use of Alere-LAM, as well as specific barriers that must be addressed to scale-up testing in PLHIV.

scholarly journals Adoption and uptake of the lateral flow urine LAM test in countries with high tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS burden: current landscape and barriers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Diane N. Singhroy ◽  
Emily MacLean ◽  
Mikashmi Kohli ◽  
Erica Lessem ◽  
David Branigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
World Health ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Testing Algorithms ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Since 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended a commercially available lateral-flow urine LAM test (Alere-LAM) to assist in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in severely ill people living with HIV (PLHIV). The test can rapidly detect TB in severely ill PLHIV and can identify PLHIV most at-risk of death, leading to mortality reductions. However, its uptake in countries with high burdens of TB and HIV has been slow. To assess the current use landscape and identify barriers to the adoption of Alere-LAM, we conducted a questionnaire-based study in 31 high TB and HIV/AIDS burden countries. Methods: Between November 2018 and December 2019, we collected responses to a semi-structured questionnaire that had been emailed to staff and affiliates of National TB Programs or HIV/AIDS Programs, Ministries of Health, and TB or HIV institutes of 31 high TB/HIV burden countries. Questions concerned country policies, adoption, and current use of Alere-LAM testing, as well as testing algorithms and barriers preventing Alere-LAM uptake. Results: We received questionnaire responses from 24 out of 31 (77%) high TB/HIV burden countries. Of these 24 countries, 11 (46%) had adopted Alere-LAM policies, with only five (21%) countries currently using Alere-LAM testing. Testing algorithms were generally aligned with WHO recommendations. Fifteen countries (63%) said they were planning to implement Alere-LAM testing in the near future. The most commonly cited constraint to adoption and implementation was budget limitations. Additional barriers to Alere-LAM implementation included lack of country-specific data and piloting, administrative hurdles such as regulatory agency approval, lack of coordination between National TB and HIV programs, and small perceived patient population. Conclusion: Responses to our questionnaire demonstrate the persistent gap between country-level policy and real-world use of Alere-LAM, as well as specific barriers that must be addressed to scale-up testing in PLHIV.

Determinants of geographic mobility among participants in a population-based HIV/AIDS drug treatment program

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Wood ◽  
Benita Yip ◽  
Nada Gataric ◽  
Julio S.G. Montaner ◽  
Michael V. O’Shaughnessy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Geographic Mobility ◽  
Drug Treatment Program ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Global Stability of Switched HIV/AIDS Models with Drug Treatment Involving Caputo-Fractional Derivatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xiying Wang ◽  
Wenfeng Wang ◽  
Yuanxiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Fractional Derivative ◽  
Fractional Derivatives ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Caputo Fractional Derivatives ◽  
Hereditary Effects ◽  
Hiv Aids

In this paper, we formulate and investigate new switched HIV/AIDS models with drug treatment involving Caputo-fractional derivatives. Initially, due to the fractional derivative order related to the memory and hereditary effects and supposing that the model coefficients are time-varying parameters, we develop a Caputo-fractional order HIV/AIDS models with switching parameters and study their dynamics utilizing Lyapunov–Razumikhin technique. Furthermore, the results show that the fractional derivative α ( 0 < α < 1 ) and the switching parameters are related to the critical threshold value ( R ^ or R ¯ ) which ensures disease eradication under the condition of R ^ < 1 or R ¯ < 1 . Then, a treatment compartment is introduced into the above model from the asymptomatic infected individuals until the full blown AIDS individuals. Novel sufficient conditions on the threshold value are derived to verify that the disease is eventually cleared as the critical threshold parameter is below unity. Finally, some simulations are employed to support the main results and one future research direction is presented.

scholarly journals Integration and co-location of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and drug treatment services

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Sylla ◽  
R. Douglas Bruce ◽  
Adeeba Kamarulzaman ◽  
Frederick L. Altice
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals A Class Age-Structured HIV/AIDS Model with Impulsive Drug-Treatment Strategy

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helong Liu ◽  
Lianbing Li
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Impulsive Differential Equations ◽  
The State ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Infection Age ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
Hiv Aids

We formulate an HIV/AIDS transmission model that considers the dependence of HIV/AIDS progress on infection age (the time since infection), disease age (the time elapsed since the onset), and impulsive antiretroviral treatment. Since no effective vaccine is available for HIV/AIDS, our impulsive disease-control strategy is targeted at infected individuals (I control). Thus the model only includes infective class and AIDS class: infected population is the state at birth, and AIDS population is not the state at birth. Assuming the theoretical strategy can provide HIV testing for risk population groups every years and immediate antiretroviral treatment for HIV-positive people. The action is approximated by impulsive differential equations. We demonstrate the effect of the impulsive drug treatment and show that there exists a globally stable infection-free state when the impulsive period and drug-treatment proportion satisfy . This result shows that the prevention effects can drive HIV/AIDS epidemic towards to elimination.

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