High-Temperature Processes: Is it Time for Lithium Isotopes?

Elements ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Horst R. Marschall ◽  
Ming Tang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Geochemistry ◽  
Kinetic Isotope ◽  
High Temperature Processes ◽  
Li Isotope ◽  
Isotope Studies ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Diffusion Profiles ◽  
Geologic Processes

The field of high-temperature Li isotope geochemistry has been rattled by major paradigm changes. The idea that Li isotopes could be used to trace the sources of fluids, rocks, and magmas had to be largely abandoned, because Li diffusion causes its isotopes to fractionate at metamorphic and magmatic temperatures. However, diffusive fractionation of Li isotopes can be used to determine timescales of geologic processes using arrested diffusion profiles. High diffusivity and strong kinetic isotope fractionation favors Li isotopes as a tool to constrain the durations of fast processes in the crust and mantle, where other geochronometers fall short. Time may be the parameter that high-temperature Li isotope studies will be able to shed much light on.

scholarly journals Equilibrium inter-mineral titanium isotope fractionation: Implication for high-temperature titanium isotope geochemistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 540-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzhong Wang ◽  
Shichun Huang ◽  
Fang Huang ◽  
Xinmiao Zhao ◽  
Zhongqing Wu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Geochemistry

High-temperature kinetic isotope fractionation of calcium in epidosites from modern and ancient seafloor hydrothermal systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 535 ◽  
pp. 116101
Author(s):  
Shaun T. Brown ◽  
Alexandra V. Turchyn ◽  
Mike J. Bickle ◽  
Amy C. Davis ◽  
Jeffrey C. Alt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Hydrothermal Systems ◽  
Kinetic Isotope

Ti-679

Alloy Digest ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Creep Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Temperature Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Time Strength ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Ti-679 is a titanium high temperature alloy having an excellent combination of short-time strength, creep strength and stability to 900 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ti-48. Producer or source: Titanium Metals Corporation of America.

scholarly journals Differential impact of Holder and High Temperature Short Time pasteurization on the dynamic in vitro digestion of human milk in a preterm newborn model

2020 ◽  
Vol 328 ◽  
pp. 127126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Nebbia ◽  
Marzia Giribaldi ◽  
Laura Cavallarin ◽  
Enrico Bertino ◽  
Alessandra Coscia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Preterm Newborn ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
High Temperature Short Time ◽  
Short Time

Study of the electrical properties of  Cz p-type solar-grade silicon wafers against the high-temperature processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Maoudj ◽  
Djoudi Bouhafs ◽  
Nacer Eddine Bourouba ◽  
Abdelhak Hamida-Ferhat ◽  
Abdelkader El Amrani
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Solar Grade Silicon ◽  
High Temperature Processes ◽  
Grade Silicon ◽  
P Type

scholarly journals High-Temperature Short-Time and Holder Pasteurization of Donor Milk: Impact on Milk Composition

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Diana Escuder-Vieco ◽  
Juan M. Rodríguez ◽  
Irene Espinosa-Martos ◽  
Nieves Corzo ◽  
Antonia Montilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Donor Human Milk ◽  
High Temperature Short Time ◽  
Lactose Concentration ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Milk Banks ◽  
Short Time

Holder pasteurization (HoP; 62.5 °C, 30 min) is commonly used to ensure the microbiological safety of donor human milk (DHM) but diminishes its nutritional properties. A high-temperature short-time (HTST) system was designed as an alternative for human milk banks. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of this HTST system on different nutrients and the bile salt stimulated lipase (BSSL) activity of DHM. DHM was processed in the HTST system and by standard HoP. Macronutrients were measured with a mid-infrared analyzer. Lactose, glucose, myo-inositol, vitamins and lipids were assayed using chromatographic techniques. BSSL activity was determined using a kit. The duration of HTST treatment had a greater influence on the nutrient composition of DHM than did the tested temperature. The lactose concentration and the percentage of phospholipids and PUFAs were higher in HTST-treated than in raw DHM, while the fat concentration and the percentage of monoacylglycerides and SFAs were lower. Other nutrients did not change after HTST processing. The retained BSSL activity was higher after short HTST treatment than that following HoP. Overall, HTST treatment resulted in better preservation of the nutritional quality of DHM than HoP because relevant thermosensitive components (phospholipids, PUFAs, and BSSL) were less affected.

Diffusivity, Solubility and Speciation of Sulphur in Silicate Melts

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Stelling ◽  
Harald Behrens ◽  
Joachim Deubener ◽  
Stefan Mangold ◽  
Joerg Goettlicher
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Silicate Melts ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffusion Couple Technique ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Diffusion Profiles

Diffusion and solubility of sulphur have important effects on the degassing of silicate melts. Both properties are closely related to the structural incorporation of sulphur in the melt. Depending on the oxygen fugacity, sulphur can be present as sulphide (S2-), sulphite (S4+) or sulphate (S6+). Sulphates play an important role in the industrial production of glasses especially in the fining process. The decomposition products of sulphate amass in bubbles which ascend and homogenize the melt. Structural incorporation of sulphur in glasses is studied by XANES (X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy). Diffusion of sulphur is investigated in simple silicate systems using the diffusion couple technique. First diffusion profiles were measured in sodium trisilicate glasses by electron microprobe. The results indicate that sulphur diffusivity in high temperature melts is close to the Eyring diffusivity calculated from viscosity data.

Influence of Guar Gum on the Thermal Stability of Listeria innocua, Listeria monocytogenes, and γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase during High-Temperature Short-Time Pasteurization of Bovine Milk

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 861-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
PUNIDADAS PIYASENA ◽  
ROBIN C. McKELLAR
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Listeria Innocua ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
High Temperature Short Time ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Mathematical models describing the thermal inactivation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (TP) and Listeria innocua in milk during high-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization were validated with data from TP, L. innocua, and L. monocytogenes trials in guar gum–milk. Holding tube times were determined for turbulent flow using water, and for laminar flow using a guar gum (0.27% wt/wt)–sucrose (5.3% wt/wt)–water mixture. Inactivation of TP and L. innocua was lower in a solution of guar gum (0.25% wt/wt) in whole milk than was predicted by models derived from studies with whole milk alone. Use of laminar flow timings improved model fit but did not completely account for the observed protective effect. L. monocytogenes survival was close to that predicted by the L. innocua model, although some protection was afforded this pathogen under laminar flow. Considerable intertrial variability was noted for L. monocytogenes. Risk analysis simulations using @RISK, a Lotus 1-2–3W add-in, were used to account for intertrial variability. Simulated log10 %reductions consistently underpredicted experimental L. monocytogenes survival (fail-safe), thus the L. innocua model derived in milk is suitable for estimating L. monocytogenes survival in viscous products. Increased thermal tolerance during laminar flow may be attributed to the protective effect of stabilizer.

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