Microscale Chemistry: Raman Analysis of Fluid and Melt Inclusions

Elements ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Bodnar ◽  
Maria Luce Frezzotti
Keyword(s):  
Melt Inclusions ◽  
Crust And Upper Mantle ◽  
Raman Analysis ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Deep Crust ◽  
Fluid And Melt Inclusions ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Micrometer Scale ◽  
Raman Spectral

Raman spectroscopy is a commonly applied nondestructive analytical technique for characterizing fluid and melt inclusions. The exceptional spatial resolution (~1 µm) and excellent spectral resolution (≤1 cm−1) permits the characterization of micrometer-scale phases and allows quantitative analyses based on Raman spectral features. Data provided by Raman analysis of fluid and melt inclusions has significantly advanced our understanding of complex geologic processes, including preeruptive volatile contents of magmas, the nature of fluids in the deep crust and upper mantle, the generation and evolution of methane-bearing fluids in unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs. Anticipated future advances include the development of Raman mass spectroscopy and the use of Raman to monitor reaction progress in synthetic and natural fluid inclusion microreactors.

Raman spectral characterization of pure and fluorine-doped vitreous silica material

1982 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dumas ◽  
J. Corset ◽  
Y. Levy ◽  
V. Neuman
Keyword(s):  
Vitreous Silica ◽  
Spectral Characterization ◽  
Silica Material ◽  
Raman Spectral

scholarly journals Demonstration of an integrated nanophotonic chip-scale alkali vapor magnetometer using inverse design

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoel Sebbag ◽  
Eliran Talker ◽  
Alex Naiman ◽  
Yefim Barash ◽  
Uriel Levy
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Optical Isolation ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
On Chip ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Micrometer Scale

AbstractRecently, there has been growing interest in the miniaturization and integration of atomic-based quantum technologies. In addition to the obvious advantages brought by such integration in facilitating mass production, reducing the footprint, and reducing the cost, the flexibility offered by on-chip integration enables the development of new concepts and capabilities. In particular, recent advanced techniques based on computer-assisted optimization algorithms enable the development of newly engineered photonic structures with unconventional functionalities. Taking this concept further, we hereby demonstrate the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of an integrated nanophotonic-atomic chip magnetometer based on alkali vapor with a micrometer-scale spatial resolution and a magnetic sensitivity of 700 pT/√Hz. The presented platform paves the way for future applications using integrated photonic–atomic chips, including high-spatial-resolution magnetometry, near-field vectorial imaging, magnetically induced switching, and optical isolation.

Film Characterization of Ultra Low-k Dielectrics Modified by UV Curing with Different Wavelength Bands

2006 ◽  
Vol 914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masazumi Matsuura ◽  
Kinya Goto ◽  
Noriko Miura ◽  
Shinobu Hashii ◽  
Koyu Asai
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Motion ◽  
Uv Curing ◽  
Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Lattice Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Raman Analysis ◽  
Spin Lattice ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Low K

AbstractThis paper describes film characterization of Ultra Low-k (ULK) dielectrics modified by UV curing with different wavelength bands. We have demonstrated UV hardening of ULK-SiOC (k=2.65) with two types of UV bulbs (UV-X and UV-Y) and the UV modifications of ULK-SiOC film properties are characterized by using FT-IR spectroscopy, 29Si Solid-state NMR spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. FT-IR and NMR analyses reveal that UV-Y curing is preferable for UV curing modification of ULK-SiOC. UV-Y curing increases Q mode peak in NMR, resulting in the enhanced Si-O crosslinking, while UV-X curing increases TH mode and TOR mode peaks. Spin lattice relaxation time T1 for 29Si is decreased with UV curing. This result indicates that UV curing enhances molecular motion in Si-O network. Raman analysis shows that UV curing increases amorphous carbon groups, which corresponds to the enhanced molecular motion in Si-O network.

Raman Characterization of Protocrystalline Silicon Films

2009 ◽  
Vol 1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Syllaios ◽  
S. K. Ajmera ◽  
G. S. Tyber ◽  
C. L. Littler ◽  
R. E. Hollingworth
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Dopant Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Dilution ◽  
Spectral Peaks ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
P Type ◽  
Hydrogenated Amorphous ◽  
Raman Spectral

AbstractAn increasingly important application of thin film hydrogenated amorphous silicon (α-Si:H) is in infrared detection for microbolometer thermal imaging arrays. Such arrays consist of thin α-Si:H films that are integrated into a floating thermally isolated membrane structure. Among the α-Si:H material properties affecting the design and performance of microbolometers is the microstructure. In this work, Raman spectroscopy is used to study changes in the microstructure of protocrystalline p-type α-Si:H films grown by PECVD as substrate temperature, dopant concentration, and hydrogen dilution are varied. The films exhibit the four Raman spectral peaks corresponding to the TO, LO, LA, and TA modes. It is found that the TO Raman peak becomes increasingly well defined (decreasing line width and increasing intensity), and shifts towards the crystalline TO energy as substrate temperature is increased, H dilution of the reactants is increased, or as dopant concentration is decreased.

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide, bicarbonate and carbonate ions in aqueous solutions under deep Earth conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10717-10725
Author(s):  
Riccardo Dettori ◽  
Davide Donadio
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Upper Mantle ◽  
Crust And Upper Mantle ◽  
Effect Of Pressure ◽  
Deep Crust ◽  
Carbonate Ions ◽  
Deep Earth ◽  
Thermodynamic Conditions

We investigate the effect of pressure, temperature and acidity on the composition of water-rich carbon-bearing fluids under thermodynamic conditions that correspond to the Earth's deep crust and upper mantle.

Electrical Characterization of Ferroelectric Properties in the Sub-Micrometer Scale

Polar Oxides ◽  
2005 ◽  
pp. 329-341
Author(s):  
T. Schmitz ◽  
Stephan Tiedke ◽  
K. Prume ◽  
K. Szot ◽  
A. Roelofs
Keyword(s):  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Micrometer Scale

Materials Characterization Techniques for Solar Cell Devices

2013 ◽  
pp. 294-307
Author(s):  
Michael S. Hatzistergos
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Specific Problem ◽  
Materials Characterization ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
The Past ◽  
Characterization Techniques ◽  
Analytical Equipment

Characterization of an issue provides the required information to determine the root cause of a problem and direct the researcher towards the appropriate solution. Through the explosion of nanotechnology in the past few years, the use of sophisticated analytical equipment has become mandatory. There is no one analytical technique that can provide all the answers a researcher is looking for. Therefore, a large number of very different instruments exist, and knowing which one is best to employ for a specific problem is key to success.

scholarly journals Transformations in Breakthrough Research: The Emergence of Mirnas as a Research Routine in Molecular Biology

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Kawalec
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Social Studies Of Science ◽  
New Public ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Emerging Topics

Abstract Of the three main areas of science studies that emerged after WWII (Kawalec, 2018), namely social studies of science, economics of knowledge and scientometrics, it was the latter that gained particular prominence in science policy around the 1990’s with the advent of New Public Management (Pollitt, Thiel, & Homburg, 2007). One of its focal areas has been identification of emerging topics in science. They are incessantly assumed to be an outcome of a simple cumulative progress of scientific knowledge (Price, 1976; Merton, 1988; Bird, 2007; Fochler, 2016). In my paper I challenge this assumption of simple cumulativity and argue that the emergence of breakthrough topics in science is preceded by a sequence of transformation phases. Using the example of “microRNA&cancer” as an emergent topic identified by a quantitative analysis of a large dataset of publications (Small et al. 2014) I demonstrate that the proposed analysis of transformation phases complements big data quantitative analyses with theoretical understanding of the dynamics mechanism and, in effect, leads to a more adequate characterization of the topic itself as well as a more precise identification of the source publications. While the proposed method uses a more complex (meso-level) unit of analysis (i.e. “research routines”) instead of citations and co-occurrence of single publications (micro-level), it integrates quantitative with qualitative analyses.

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