Chemistry of the Soil Solutions

2015 ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
W. L. Lindsay ◽  
K. M. Catlett
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solutions

scholarly journals Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria Are Associated with Ferric Hydroxide Precipitates (Fe-Plaque) on the Roots of Wetland Plants

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 2758-2761 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Emerson ◽  
Johanna V. Weiss ◽  
J. Patrick Megonigal
Keyword(s):  
Ferric Hydroxide ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Wetland Plants ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Iron Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Fe Plaque ◽  
Ph Range

ABSTRACT The presence of Fe-oxidizing bacteria in the rhizosphere of four different species of wetland plants was investigated in a diverse wetland environment that had Fe(II) concentrations ranging from tens to hundreds of micromoles per liter and a pH range of 3.5 to 6.8. Enrichments for neutrophilic, putatively lithotrophic Fe-oxidizing bacteria were successful on roots from all four species; acidophilic Fe-oxidizing bacteria were enriched only on roots from plants whose root systems were exposed to soil solutions with a pH of <4. InSagittaria australis there was a positive correlation (P < 0.01) between cell numbers and the total amount of Fe present; the same correlation was not found for Leersia oryzoides. These results present the first evidence for culturable Fe-oxidizing bacteria associated with Fe-plaque in the rhizosphere.

scholarly journals Sacrificial Dissolution of Zinc Electroplated and Cold Galvanized Coated Steel in Saline and Soil Environments: A Comparison

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 744
Author(s):  
Ameeq Farooq ◽  
Umer Masood Chaudry ◽  
Ahsan Saleem ◽  
Kashif Mairaj Deen ◽  
Kotiba Hamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Cyclic Polarization ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Soil Solutions

To protect steel structures, zinc coatings are mostly used as a sacrificial barrier. This research aims to estimate the dissolution tendency of the electroplated and zinc-rich cold galvanized (ZRCG) coatings of a controlled thickness (35 ± 1 μm) applied via brush and dip coating methods on the mild steel. To assess the corrosion behavior of these coated samples in 3.5% NaCl and 10% NaCl containing soil solutions, open circuit potential (OCP), cyclic polarization (CP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests were performed. The more negative OCP and appreciably large corrosion rate of the electroplated and ZRCG coated samples in 3.5% NaCl solution highlighted the preferential dissolution of Zn coatings. However, in saline soil solution, the relatively positive OCP (>−850 mV vs. Cu/CuSO4) and lower corrosion rate of the electroplated and ZRCG coatings compared to the uncoated steel sample indicated their incapacity to protect the steel substrate. The CP scans of the zinc electroplated samples showed a positive hysteresis loop after 24 h of exposure in 3.5% NaCl and saline soil solutions attributing to the localized dissolution of the coating. Similarly, the appreciable decrease in the charge transfer resistance of the electroplated samples after 24 h of exposure corresponded to their accelerated dissolution. Compared to the localized dissolution of the electroplated and brush-coated samples, the dip-coated ZRCG samples exhibited uniform dissolution during the extended exposure (500 h) salt spray test.

Aluminum in Soil Solutions from a Subalpine Spruce‐Fir Forest at Whiteface Mountain, New York

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.K. Miller ◽  
T.G. Huntington ◽  
A.H. Johnson ◽  
A.J. Friedland
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Whiteface Mountain

Design and Use of Background-Reduced 27Al NMR Probes for the Study of Dilute Samples from the Environment

1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet S. MacFall ◽  
Anthony A. Ribeiro ◽  
Gary P. Cofer ◽  
Ko-Hsiu G. Dai ◽  
William Labiosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Background Signal ◽  
27Al Nmr ◽  
Sample Container ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Free Sample ◽  
External Reference ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Colorimetric Assays

Development of methods for the detection and measurement of aluminum (Al) is crucial for our understanding of Al(III) chemistry and toxicity in natural waters, soil solutions, and environmental samples. Traditional colorimetric assays, by their very nature, alter solution Al(III) chemistry, potentially biasing measurements. Methods based on 27Al NMR spectroscopy have the advantage of being nondestructive and of not altering the chemistry of the solution. Standard commercial NMR probes and sample tubes, unfortunately, are constructed from aluminum-containing components. These materials give substantial background signal, which is detected as a large, broad hump, overwhelming signals from dilute samples. We describe here the construction of two novel NMR probes and a sample container built from a variety of materials with low Al content. The designs feature the use of transversely mounted solenoid coils with aluminum-free sample holders. The sample container features a second chamber which can be filled with an external reference solution. These novel 27Al NMR probes are being used for the NMR spectroscopic investigation and quantitation of natural, dilute (10−6 M) Al(III) samples from the environment.

Effect of dissolved organic matter composition on metal speciation in soil solutions

2015 ◽  
Vol 398 ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong-Ling Ren ◽  
Marie Tella ◽  
Matthieu N. Bravin ◽  
Rob N.J. Comans ◽  
Jun Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Organic Matter Composition ◽  
Soil Solutions

POROUS TUBE DEVICE FOR SAMPLING SOIL SOLUTIONS DURING WATER-SPREADING OPERATIONS

Soil Science ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAY B. KRONE ◽  
H. F. LUDWIG ◽  
JEROME F. THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Porous Tube ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Water Spreading
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