Redoximorphic Features and Seasonal Water Table Relations, Upper Coastal Plain, Virginia

2015 ◽  
pp. 43-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Genthner ◽  
W. L. Daniels ◽  
R. L. Hodges ◽  
P. J. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Redoximorphic Features

scholarly journals Responses of CO2flux components of Alaskan Coastal Plain tundra to shifts in water table

2010 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo C. Olivas ◽  
Steven F. Oberbauer ◽  
Craig E. Tweedie ◽  
Walter C. Oechel ◽  
Andrea Kuchy
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Coastal Plain

scholarly journals Bi-criteria evaluation of the MIKE SHE model for a forested watershed on the South Carolina coastal plain

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Dai ◽  
C. Li ◽  
C. Trettin ◽  
G. Sun ◽  
D. Amatya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Model Calibration ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Forested Watershed ◽  
Mike She ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Model Calibration And Validation

Abstract. Hydrological models are important tools for effective management, conservation and restoration of forested wetlands. The objective of this study was to test a distributed hydrological model, MIKE SHE, by using bi-criteria (i.e., two measurable variables, streamflow and water table depth) to describe the hydrological processes in a forested watershed that is characteristic of the lower Atlantic Coastal Plain. Simulations were compared against observations of both streamflow and water table depth measured on a first-order watershed (WS80) on the Santee Experimental Forest in South Carolina, USA. Model performance was evaluated using coefficient of determination (R2) and Nash-Sutcliffe's model efficiency (E). The E and root mean squared error (RMSE) were chosen as objective functions for sensitivity analysis of parameters. The model calibration and validation results demonstrated that the streamflow and water table depth were sensitive to most of the model input parameters, especially to surface detention storage, drainage depth, soil hydraulic properties, plant rooting depth, and surface roughness. Furthermore, the bi-criteria approach used for distributed model calibration and validation was shown to be better than the single-criterion in obtaining optimum model input parameters, especially for those parameters that were only sensitive to some specific conditions. Model calibration using the bi-criteria approach should be advantageous for constructing the uncertainty bounds of model inputs to simulate the hydrology for this type of forested watersheds. R2 varied from 0.60–0.99 for daily and monthly streamflow, and from 0.52–0.91 for daily water table depth. E changed from 0.53–0.96 for calibration and 0.51–0.98 for validation of daily and monthly streamflow, while E varied from 0.50–0.90 for calibration and 0.66–0.80 for validation of daily water table depth. This study showed that MIKE SHE could be a good candidate for simulating streamflow and water table depth in coastal plain watersheds.

scholarly journals The Potential Long-Term Impacts of Climate Change on the Hydrologic Regimes of North Carolina’s Coastal Plain Non-Riverine Wetlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1591-1606
Author(s):  
J. Jack Kurki-Fox ◽  
Michael R. Burchell ◽  
Brock J. Kamrath
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Hydrologic Regimes ◽  
Coastal Plain Wetlands ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

HighlightsBased on current emissions, mean water table decline in these wetlands will likely range from 25 to 65 cm by 2100.Projected changes could lead to a decline or loss of the important ecosystem services that wetlands provide to society.Results indicate a potential need to allocate more resources to developing strategies for managing wetlands.Abstract. Wetlands are especially at risk from climate change because of their intermediate landscape position (i.e., transition between upland and aquatic environments), where small changes in precipitation and/or evapotranspiration can have substantial impacts on wetland hydrology. Because hydrology is the primary factor influencing wetland structure and function, the important ecosystem services that wetlands provide may be altered or lost as a result of climate change. While a great deal of uncertainty is associated with the projected impacts of climate change on wetlands, hydrologic models and downscaled climate model projections provide tools to reduce this uncertainty. DRAINMOD is one such process-based hydrologic model that has been successfully adapted to simulate the daily water level fluctuations in natural wetlands. The objective of this project was to determine the range of possible impacts of climate change on the hydrologic regimes of non-riverine, non-tidal Coastal Plain wetlands in North Carolina. DRAINMOD models were calibrated and validated for two minimally disturbed, natural wetland sites using observed water table and local weather data. Two representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios were evaluated: RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Nine models were selected from an ensemble of 32 climate models to represent the range of possible changes in mean precipitation and temperature. Downscaled climate projections were obtained from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. Simulations were run from 1986 to 2099, and results were evaluated by comparing the projected mean water table levels between the base period (1986-2015) and two future evaluation periods: 2040-2069 and 2070-2099. The model simulation results indicated that the projected mean water table level may decline by as much as 25 to 84 cm by the end of this century (2070-2099) for the RCP8.5 scenario and may decline by 4 to 61 cm for the RCP4.5 scenario. In Coastal Plain wetlands, declines in water tables can lead to the subsidence of organic soils, which can lead to the loss of stored carbon and increased risk of peat fires. Lower mean water levels can also lead to shifts in vegetation community composition and loss of habitat functions for wetland-dependent fauna. These results provide an overview of the potential impacts of climate change on North Carolina wetlands, and they provide a range of scenarios to inform and guide possible changes to water management strategies in wetland ecosystems that can be implemented now to limit the loss of ecosystem services over the long term. Keywords: Climate change, DRAINMOD, Hydrology, Modeling, North Carolina, Wetlands.

Historical soil maps with a reference to redoximorphic features as basis for ecohydrological modelling.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Yurova ◽  
Daniil Kozlov ◽  
Maria Smirnova ◽  
Pavel Fil
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Kinematic Wave ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Soil Maps ◽  
Shallow Water Table ◽  
Redoximorphic Features

<p>Historical soil maps with a reference to profile redoximorphic features have obvious utility for ecohydrological modelling. That is particularly pertinent in areas with shallow water tables where catchments have both dry and moist parts, latter due to moisture source from either upper or low boundary. However, there is no convenient method for converting maps to hydrological model state variables. Here we propose that the steady state continuity equation in kinematic wave form can be parameterized using expert knowledge of the typical water table depth (WTD) for soils with different hydromorphy degrees based on redoximorphic features. To test the approach, six hillslope-based computational units (catenas) were obtained, for use in simulations, by automated of the Samovetc and Izberdey catchments in the Tambov region (Russia) using lumpR software. Five of the six catenas began at poorly drained flat upslope positions with soils with various degrees of saturation by shallow groundwater and one began at a well-drained upslope position. We guided parameterization of the kinematic wave model by critical range of the WTD known to correspond to each soil group on historical soil map of hydromorphy degree. Application of expert knowledge in this manner alone yielded a broad range of possible WTD values (e.g. 1.5-5 m for a semi-hydromorphic soil) for each soil entity, but linking a catena by the fundamental physical constraint of flow continuity enabled narrowing of the range to 0.2-1 m thereby reducing it by ca. 80%. We further tested the shallow water table approximation in the WASA-SED ecohydrological model based on catenary approach to simulate soil moisture profiles referring explicitly to soil groups of different hydromorphy degree and distinguish stagnic and gleyic regimes of waterlogging. The results show that the approach could substantially improve crop and water management precision.</p>

Water Table Rise After Cutting on Coastal Plain Soils

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Williams ◽  
Donald J. Lipscomb
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Water Rise ◽  
Dormant Season ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Lower Coastal Plain ◽  
Water Table Rise

Abstract Foresters managing land in the lower coastal plain should plan for a significant rise in the water table after a cutting even on sandy soils. Partial cuts in four pine stands on fine sandy soils caused the water table to rise from 0.3 to 1.1 feet. A water rise occurred even with a light selection cut on a Lakeland sand. The water table rise was most pronounced late in the growing season and persisted into the dormant season, usually until February.

Urban Land Use, Channel Incision, and Water Table Decline Along Coastal Plain Streams, North Carolina

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1032-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma C. Hardison ◽  
Michael A. O’Driscoll ◽  
John P. DeLoatch ◽  
Robert J. Howard ◽  
Mark M. Brinson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Channel Incision ◽  
Plain Streams ◽  
Coastal Plain Streams

scholarly journals Bi-criteria evaluation of MIKE SHE model for a forested watershed on South Carolina coastal plain

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Dai ◽  
C. Li ◽  
C. Trettin ◽  
G. Sun ◽  
D. Amatya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Model Calibration ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Forested Watershed ◽  
Mike She ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Model Calibration And Validation

Abstract. Hydrological models are important tools for effective management, conservation and restoration of forested wetlands. The objective of this study was to test a distributed hydrological model, MIKE SHE by using bi-criteria (two measurable variables, streamflow and water table depth) to describe the hydrological processes in a forested watershed that is characteristic of the lower Atlantic Coastal Plain. Simulations were compared against observations of both streamflow and water table depth measured on a first-order watershed (WS80) on the Santee Experimental Forest in South Carolina, USA. Model performance was evaluated using coefficient of determination (R2) and Nash-Sutcliffe's model efficiency (E). The E and root mean squared error (RMSE) were chosen as objective functions for sensitivity analysis of parameters. The model calibration and validation results demonstrated that the streamflow and water table depth were sensitive to most of the model input parameters, especially to surface detention storage, drainage depth, soil hydraulic properties, plant rooting depth, and surface roughness. Furthermore, the bi-criteria used for distributed model calibration and validation was shown to be better than the single-criterion in obtaining optimum model input parameters, especially for those parameters that were only sensitive to some specific conditions. Model calibration using the bi-criteria approach should be advantageous for constructing the uncertainty bounds of model inputs to simulate the hydrology for this type of forested watersheds. R2 varied from 0.60–0.99 for daily and monthly streamflow, and from 0.52–0.91 for daily water table depth. E changed from 0.53–0.96 for calibration and 0.51–0.98 for validation of daily and monthly streamflow, while E varied from 0.50–0.90 for calibration and 0.66–0.80 for validation of daily water table depth. This study showed that MIKE SHE was applicable for predicting the streamflow and water table depth in this coastal plain watershed.

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