Field Experiments for Soil Test Correlation and Calibration

2015 ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
John J. Hanway
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Test Correlation

Soil test phosphorus as affected by phosphorus budgets in two long-term field experiments in Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 158-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Zicker ◽  
Sabine von Tucher ◽  
Mareike Kavka ◽  
Bettina Eichler-Löbermann
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Phosphorus Budgets ◽  
Soil Test Phosphorus ◽  
Term Field

Soil and tissue tests to predict pasture yield responses to applications of potassium fertiliser in high-rainfall areas of south-western Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. A. Bolland ◽  
W. J. Cox ◽  
B. J. Codling
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Yield Responses

Dairy and beef pastures in the high (>800 mm annual average) rainfall areas of south-western Australia, based on subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) and annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum), grow on acidic to neutral deep (>40 cm) sands, up to 40 cm sand over loam or clay, or where loam or clay occur at the surface. Potassium deficiency is common, particularly for the sandy soils, requiring regular applications of fertiliser potassium for profitable pasture production. A large study was undertaken to assess 6 soil-test procedures, and tissue testing of dried herbage, as predictors of when fertiliser potassium was required for these pastures. The 100 field experiments, each conducted for 1 year, measured dried-herbage production separately for clover and ryegrass in response to applied fertiliser potassium (potassium chloride). Significant (P<0.05) increases in yield to applied potassium (yield response) were obtained in 42 experiments for clover and 6 experiments for ryegrass, indicating that grass roots were more able to access potassium from the soil than clover roots. When percentage of the maximum (relative) yield was related to soil-test potassium values for the top 10 cm of soil, the best relationships were obtained for the exchangeable (1 mol/L NH4Cl) and Colwell (0.5 mol/L NaHCO3-extracted) soil-test procedures for potassium. Both procedures accounted for about 42% of the variation for clover, 15% for ryegrass, and 32% for clover + grass. The Colwell procedure for the top 10 cm of soil is now the standard soil-test method for potassium used in Western Australia. No increases in clover yields to applied potassium were obtained for Colwell potassium at >100 mg/kg soil. There was always a clover-yield increase to applied potassium for Colwell potassium at <30 mg/kg soil. Corresponding potassium concentrations for ryegrass were >50 and <30 mg/kg soil. At potassium concentrations 30–100 mg/kg soil for clover and 30–50 mg/kg soil for ryegrass, the Colwell procedure did not reliably predict yield response, because from nil to large yield responses to applied potassium occurred. The Colwell procedure appears to extract the most labile potassium in the soil, including soluble potassium in soil solution and potassium balancing negative charge sites on soil constituents. In some soils, Colwell potassium was low indicating deficiency, yet plant roots may have accessed potassum deeper in the soil profile. Where the Colwell procedure does not reliably predict soil potassium status, tissue testing may help. The relationship between relative yield and tissue-test potassium varied markedly for different harvests in each year of the experiments, and for different experiments. For clover, the concentration of potassium in dried herbage that was related to 90% of the maximum, potassium non-limiting yield (critical potassium) was at the concentration of about 15 g/kg dried herbage for plants up to 8 weeks old, and at <10 g/kg dried herbage for plants older than 10–12 weeks. For ryegrass, there were insufficient data to provide reliable estimates of critical potassium.

Yield responsiveness and response curvature as essential criteria for the evaluation and calibration of soil phosphate tests for wheat

Soil Research ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
ICR Holford ◽  
JM Morgan ◽  
J Bradley ◽  
BR Cullis
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
Fertilizer Effectiveness ◽  
Soil Phosphate ◽  
Fertilizer Requirement ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Actual Response

In a study using data from 57 wheat field experiments on the central-western slopes of New South Wales, eight soil phosphate tests (Bray,, Bray,, alkaline fluoride, Mehlich, Truog, lactate, Olsen and Colwell) were evaluated and calibrated in terms of responsiveness (�) and response curvature (C) parameters derived from the Mitscherlich equation. The results showed that, regardless of how well correlated a soil test is with yield responsiveness, it cannot give a satisfactory estimate of fertilizer requirement unless yield response curvature is also taken into account. The tendency of soil test values, especially of the Colwell test, to be negatively related to response curvature, and hence inversely related to fertilizer effectiveness, compounded the problem of directly relating soil test values to fertilizer requirement. The best test (lactate) accounted for only 28% of the variance in fertilizer requirement, compared with 50% of the variance in responsiveness, and the worst test (Colwell) was completely unrelated to fertilizer requirements. When fertilizer requirement was estimated from the lactate test value and the actual response curvature for each experiment, 68% of the variance (from the actual fertilizer requirement) was accounted for. Thirteen experiments were subject to drier conditions than the others, and these were less responsive and had lower fertilizer requirements relative to soil test values. In relation to yield responsiveness, the Colwell test was most sensitive (P < 0.001) to dry conditions, while the two best tests (lactate and Bray,) were the least sensitive (P > 0.05). The results demonstrated the superiority of acidic anionic extractants over alkaline bicarbonate extractants on moderately acid to alkaline wheat-growing soils.

THE RELATION OF SOIL TEST VALUES TO FERTILIZER RESPONSE BY THE POTATO: IV. AVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS AND PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZER REQUIREMENTS

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Bishop ◽  
C. R. MacEachern ◽  
D. C. MacKay
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Fertilizer Response ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mitscherlich Equation

In field experiments, conducted at 18 locations during a 3-year period, tuber yields on zero-P plots ranged from 49.7–95.5% of those obtained with optimum P fertilization. Each of three chemical methods used to estimate available soil P showed a wide range of values for the different locations.When Bray's modification of the Mitscherlich equation was used to express the relationship between soil test values and yield response to applied P, there were appreciable differences in c1 values which varied with soil series and soil test methods.Polynomial response curves showed that, irrespective of the chemical method used, if soils were grouped on the basis of available P into "high", "medium" and "low" classes, response to applied P was much less in the high than in the medium and low classes. Response curves also showed that both P requirements and maximum yields varied with different soil series.

scholarly journals Foliar Potassium Fertilizer Additives Affect Soybean Response and Weed Control with Glyphosate

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Nelson ◽  
Peter P. Motavalli ◽  
William E. Stevens ◽  
John A. Kendig ◽  
David Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Test K

Research in 2004 and 2005 determined the effects of foliar-applied K-fertilizer sources (0-0-62-0 (%N-%P2O5-%K2O-%S), 0-0-25-17, 3-18-18-0, and 5-0-20-13) and additive rates (2.2, 8.8, and 17.6 kg K ha−1) on glyphosate-resistant soybean response and weed control. Field experiments were conducted at Novelty and Portageville with high soil test K and weed populations and at Malden with low soil test K and weed populations. At Novelty, grain yield increased with fertilizer additives at 8.8 kg K ha−1in a high-yield, weed-free environment in 2004, but fertilizer additives reduced yield up to 470 kg ha−1in a low-yield year (2005) depending on the K source and rate. At Portageville, K-fertilizer additives increased grain yield from 700 to 1160 kg ha−1compared to diammonium sulfate, depending on the K source and rate. At Malden, there was no yield response to K sources. Differences in leaf tissue K(P=0.03), S(P=0.03), B(P=0.0001), and Cu(P=0.008)concentrations among treatments were detected 14 d after treatment at Novelty and Malden. Tank mixtures of K-fertilizer additives with glyphosate may provide an option for foliar K applications.

scholarly journals 650 PB 022 DIFFERENT LETTUCE TYPES RESPOND SIMILARLY TO P FERTILIZATION

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 525g-526
Author(s):  
N.M. El-Hout ◽  
C.A. Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Large Yield ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
The Relationship

The production of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) types other than crisphead (i.e., leaf, boston, bibb, and romaine) has recently increased due to expanding consumer demand. Fertilizer P recommendations for these lettuce types are largely based on soil-test calibrations for the crisphead type only. However, biomass production and morphological traits of the different lettuce types vary. Four field experiments were conducted to compare the relative efficiencies of these lettuce types to P fertilization. All lettuce types showed large yield and quality responses to P. Because environmental conditions affected yield potential, P rates required for optimal yield varied by lettuce type within experiments. However, the P rates required for optimal yield were similar over all experiments. Furthermore, the relationship between relative yield and soil-test P across all seasons showed a similar soil-test P level was required for maximum yield of all lettuce types. The results of this study show that soil-test-based fertilizer recommendations for crisphead lettuce may be adequate for all lettuce types

scholarly journals Development of Soil Test Based Fertilizer Prescription Equations for Chrysanthemum on Alfisol

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (june) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Balamurugan J ◽  
◽  
Santhi R ◽  
Maragatham S ◽  
Gopalakrishnan M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Basic Parameters

Field experiments were conducted during 2017 – 2018 to develop fertiliser prescriptions equations (FPEs) through IPNS for the desired yield targets of Chrysanthemum on Udic Haplustalf . The fertilisers prescription equations (FPEs) were developed under NPK alone and under IPNS for the desired yield target of Chrysanthemum by using the basic parameters. The variation observed in the achievement of targets was within the range of ± 10 per cent (90 – 110%) proving the validity of FPEs. Hence, the Inductive cum Targeted yield approach applied to develop fertiliser equations provides a strong basis for maintenance of soil fertility with high productivity and efficient nutrient management in “Precision Farming” for sustainable and enduring Agriculture.

An evaluation of several soil tests for predicting wheat yield response to superphosphate in Victoria

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (30) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
JV Mullaly ◽  
JKM Skene ◽  
R Jardine
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Response Variability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Soil Groups

The predictability of three different measures of wheat yield response to superphosphate from each of four soil test measures of available phosphorus (0-6 inches) was examined, using data from field experiments over the period 1951 to 1965. The associations were studied separately within the three great soil groups that are dominant over the wheatgrowing areas of Victoria. Whichever measure of yield response was considered, soil bicarbonate P test measurement gave the best basis for prediction. However, at most, only 26 per cent of the yield response variability was predictable, and the other three tests were substantially less successful. Under the general conditions considered, where yield response is subject to a variety of uncorrected environmental deficiencies, it is concluded that the soil tests for P investigated in this paper are of doubtful practical value.

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